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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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nucleotide |
monomer of nucleic acid |
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hydrolysis |
breaks large molecules into smaller ones |
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steroid |
lipid not composed of fatty acids |
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amino acid |
monomer of proteins |
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condensation reaction |
forms large molecules from smaller ones |
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glucose |
monomer of many polysaccarides |
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wax |
fatty acid linked to alcohol chain |
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fatty acid |
component of many lipids |
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functional group |
influences the characteristics of molecules |
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The presence of 4 electrons in the outermost energy level of a carbon atom enables: |
-carbon atoms to form 4 covalent bonds with atoms of other elements -carbon atoms to form covalent bonds with other carbon atoms -carbon atoms to form double bonds with other atoms |
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The breakdown of polymers into monomers occurs through a process known as: |
hydrolysis |
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Organic molecules that catalyze reactions in living systems are: |
enzymes |
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Lipids are good energy-storage molecules because: |
they have many carbon-hydrogen bonds |
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A compound found in living things that supplies the energy in one of its chemical bonds directly to cells is: |
ATP |
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Enzymes lower activation energy by: |
linking to the substrate and weakening bonds within the substate. |
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A compound that is stored as glycogen in animals and as starch in plants is: |
glucose |
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In a triple bond, ____ pair (s) of electrons are shared between two atoms. |
3 |
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Amino acids become linked together by peptide bonds during _____ |
condensation |
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Without enzymes, the chemical reactions in your body would.... |
occur too slowly to support life processes |
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Carbon atoms can bond together to form all of the following except: -ring -inorganic -straight chain -branched chain |
inorganic |
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ATP contains ___ phosphate groups. |
3 |
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Which atoms are involved in a peptide bond? |
C, H, N, and O |
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Energy is released when the bond between ___ in ATP are broken. |
phosphate groups |
