Praxis Ii, Social Studies Content Knowledge

Front 1

John Locke

Back 1

English Philosopher, explained the social contract theory in "Two treatises of government"

Front 2

Social Contract Theory

Back 2

Originated by Thomas Hobbes. Expanded and pushed by John Locke-
People need government to maintain social order because they have not yet discovered a way to live in groups without conflict.

Front 3

4 purposes of Government

Back 3

Maintain Social Order
Provide National Security
Enforce Laws
Provide Public Services

Front 4

4 theories that explain the Origin of the State

Back 4

Evolutionary theory- family evolved into it
Force Theory- people brouht under the authority of one person or group
Divine Right Theory- God or gods choose
Social Contract Theory- people surrendered to maintain order

Front 5

Thomas Hobbes

Back 5

True originator of the Social Contract.
Stated that people surrendered power to the state to maintain order. State in return provided protection.
- HE SAID- people were endowed with the right of Life, Liberty, and PROPERTY.
- if government failed to preserve the rights of people, people had the rights to break the contract.

Front 6

Capitalism

Back 6

1. Private Ownership
2. Free Enterprise
3. Competition
4. Choice

Front 7

Socialism

Back 7

1. Equal distribution of wealth & economic opportunity
2. Government control of production
3. Public Ownership of land, factories & other means of production

Front 8

Communism

Back 8

1. NO PRIVATE PROPERTY
2. Government Controls Distribution
3. Radical Overthrow of other governments

Front 9

Liberal

Political Orientation

Back 9

1. government should actively promote social justice
2. economic freedom can be curtailed to increase equality.

Front 10

Conservative

Political Orientation

Back 10

1. Limiting the role of government, except in supporting moral values
2. Private individuals should solve social problems
3. oppose limitations on businesses

Front 11

Moderate

Political Orientation

Back 11

In-between liberals and conservatives.
- want government to regulate businesses and support moral values

Front 12

Libertarian

Political Orientation

Back 12

1. support economic freedoms
2. support social freedoms
3. support free markets and free speech

Front 13

Federalism

Back 13

Power divided between national and state governments

Front 14

Judicial Review

Back 14

Courts have the power to declare laws, and actions of the government invalid if they violate the constitution

Front 15

Two original Political Parties in the late 1700s

Back 15

1. Federalists-
2. Democratic-Republicans-
- eventually split into the Democrats and Whigs

Front 16

Dixie-Crat
(Portmanteau)

Back 16

Member of the "States Rights Democratic Party"
- Small faction of segregationists that was created in response to the 1948 election race (Truman eventually won)