Praxis Ii Elementary Education Multiple Subjects: United States History, Government, Citizenship Skill Set 5

Front 1

New England Colonies

Back 1

Consisted of MA, RI, CT, NH

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Middle or middle atlantic colonies

Back 2

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland

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Southern Colonies

Back 3

Virginia, North and South Carolina and Georgia `

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Causes of the War of Independence

Back 4

-Proclamation act prohibited English settlement beyond appalachian mountains to appease the Native Americans
-The Sugar Act imposed a tax on foreign molasses, sugar, and other goods imported to the colonies
-the Currency Act prohibited colonial governments from issuing paper money

Front 5

The Stamp Act

Back 5

placed on newspapers, legal documents, licenses, almanacs and playing cards
-the first of internal tax on the colonies.
-the "Sons of Liberty" staged riots against those who collected the tax
-Stamp act was repealed after 1765 meeting

Front 6

The Townshend Act

Back 6

The act passed in 1767 placed taxes on lead, glass, paint, paper and tea
-Lead to boycott of English goods so English eliminated taxes except on tea.

Front 7

Boston Tea Party

Back 7

Response to the Tea Act of 1773

Front 8

Continental Congress

Back 8

-Eleven colonies sent delegates to the First Continental Congress in 1774.
-Group issued Declaration of Rights and Grievances which vowed allegiance to the king but protested the right of Parliament to tax the colonies.
-Boycotts resumed at the same time
- Second Continental Congress recommended declaration of independence from Britain. -

Front 9

Colonial Army Vs. British Army

Back 9

-British army was bigger and had more military training
-Colonist learned new method of fighting from Native Americans-guerilla warfare-fighting from behind trees and other defenses rather than traditional 2 line battles
-after attack at Breed's Hill and Bunker Hill Second Continental Congress drafted the Declaration of Independence

Front 10

Founding of the Nation

Back 10

-When war began colonies began to establish state governments
-the government defined for new nation was intentionally weak.
-lack of continuity between individual governments was confusing and economically damaging.

Front 11

The American Political System

Back 11

-Political parties never mentioned in the U.S constitution
-Argument between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton which spurred formation of first political parties in the newly formed USA

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Formation of two-party systems

Back 12

-Two parties developed in 1790's lead by Jefferson and Hamilton
Hamilton: wanted federal government to be stronger than state government , supported creation of first US bank
Jefferson: opposed US bank, Jefferson interpreted the constitution strictly saying it did not give power to make a national bank
-by the time of the civil war the present configuration of the major political parties had been formed.

Front 13

Jefferson's Political Party and Supporters

Back 13

Democratic Republicans

Front 14

Hamilton's Political Party and Supporters

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Federalists
-Favored strong government

Front 15

Whigs

Back 15

differences within the republican party
those who favored strong national growth
-opposed slavery

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Democratic Party

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Those who favored slower growth and were more worker and small farmer oriented

Front 17

Westward Movement

Back 17

-territorial expansion occurred in the expansion westward under the manifest destiny
-1846 Britain gave up tis claims south of the 49th parallel
-Spanish influence permeated all pats of southwestern life, law, language, architecture, and customs.
-Major factors: bloody war with Mexico, and the Civil War

Front 18

The Civil War

Back 18

-Tensions between south and north states increasing
-Slave issue was root of every problem
-Issues with Texas by 1836 Texas was independent republic
-Took more American lives than any other war in history

Front 19

Missouri Compromise

Back 19

Used by those opposed to slavery to prove their point showing that the land being considered for territories was part of the area that compromised ha designated as banned for slavery in the debate of allowing slavery in the republic of Texas

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Kansas-Nebraska Act

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-Passed on May 25, 1854
-Nullified the provision crating the territories of Kansas and Nebraska.
-allowed people to decide for themselves if they allowed slavery or not
-Kansas nick name "Bleeding Kansas" due to bloodshed in Kansas between two conflicting government views on slavery

Front 21

Dred Scott Decision

Back 21

-1857 Supreme Court
-Dred Scott a slave whose owner took him from slave state in Missouri to free state in Illinois into Minnesota Territory which made him free under Missouri Compromise and then back to Missouri
-Abolitionists argued since he lived in a free state and free territory he was a free man

Front 22

Lincoln- Douglas Debates

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-Debates during election for U.S Senator that directly affected outcome of 1960 presidential election
-debates over slavery
-Lincoln not an abolitionist but believed slavery was morally wrong.

Front 23

North Vs. South

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North had more in it's favor:
-larger population, superiority in finances, Transportation facilities and manufacturing, agricultural and natural resources
-possessed most of nations gold

Front 24

Battle of Gettysburg

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Turning point of the war, south was winning until then on July 1-3 1863

Front 25

Effects of the Civil War-The first modern war

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-The first modern war
-introduced weapons and tactics used with improvements in later wars.
-first to fight under unified command
-Telegraphy and railroads

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Effects of Civil War

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Slaver was ended
-States were finally truly united

Front 27

Westward Migration

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-Civil war opened opportunities for this and the settlement of new land
-Lead to relocation of native americans to "reservations" lead to frequent wars of settlers trying to reside on native land

Front 28

Daws Act

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1887- recognition that reservation confinement was not working for natives.
-Aimed to assimilate natives with white culture

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Industrialization

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-Before and after Civil War
-machines replaced hand labor
-extensive railroad service was used for distribution of goods nation wide
-large amounts of money available from bankers and investors for expansion of business operations
-during last 40 years of 19th century inventors registered almost 7 hundred thousand new patents
-Labor Movement lead to strikes
-brought Immigrants from Asia, Europe,
-Growth of cities

Front 30

Great Depression

Back 30

-September 1929 stock prices began to slip
-"Hoovervilles" communities where people lived in cardboard, scraps of wood, tents
-given the name of president Hoover who was incompetent to deal with the problems

Front 31

Black Thursday/Tuesday

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Prices plummeted
-October24, 1929-Thursday
-October 29 1929: Tuesday stock prices fell so far that at man times no one was willing to buy at any price

Front 32

The New Deal

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-Franklin D. Roosevelts plan upon taking office after Hoover to relieve Americans from Great Depression effects.
- goals: relief, recovery, reform

Front 33

Marshall Plan

Back 33

aimed at preventing spread of communism, involved the ecconomic aid that was sent to Europe in the aftermath of WWII

Front 34

Truman Doctrine

Back 34

offered military aid to countries in danger of communist upheaval

Front 35

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Back 35

Formed in 1949 for the purposes of opposing communist aggression