Ppal99 Dissecting Usmle Step 1,2,3 4Th Edition

Front 1

name the DSM IV criteria

Back 1

Axis I: Clinical d/ o
Axis II: Personality d/ o
Axis III: Medical d/ o
Axis IV: Psychosocial
Axis V: GAP

Front 2

what are freud's Tripartite Model:

Back 2

Id: Selfish instinct."devil"
Ego: Self
Superego: Rules--''angel"

Front 3

Psychological Stages of Development:
Infant- (0-15-mo )
Toddler(15 mo-2 years):
Preschool(2 1/2-6 years):
School-Age (6-11 years):

Back 3

Psychological Stages of Development:
Infant- (0-15-mo ): attached·to mom
Toddler(15 mo-2-years): rapprochement (comes back to mom for reassurance)
Preschool~(2 1/2-6 years): "Band-Aid phase" (concerned about illness)
School-Age (6-11 years): understand death

Front 4

criteria for Major Depression:

Back 4

Major Depression:
need 5 "SIGE CAPS" >2wks
Sleep disturbances: wake-in am
Interest/ Libido loss: anhedonia
Guilt
Energy loss
Concentration loss
Appetite loss
Psychomotor agitation
Suicide: hopelessness

Front 5

Freud's Psychosexual Stages:
Age: 0-1 Stage: Interpretation:

Back 5

Oral stage
Oral gratification

Front 6

Freud's Psychosexual Stages:
Age:1-3 Stage: Interpretation:

Back 6

Anal stage
Toilet training

Front 7

Freud's Psychosexual Stages:
Age:3-4 Stage: Interpretation:

Back 7

Phallic stage
Penis/Clitoris fascination

Front 8

Freud's Psychosexual Stages:
Age: 4-6 Stage: Interpretation:

Back 8

Oedipal stage
Possess parent of opposite sex

Front 9

Freud's Psychosexual Stages:
Age:6-12 Stage: Interpretation:

Back 9

Latency stage
Social skills

Front 10

Freud's Psychosexual Stages:
Age:13+ Stage: Interpretation:

Back 10

Genital stage
Sex drive

Front 11

Enuresis: define and Tx (3)
what is the first line tx

Back 11

(>5 y/o): pee-whenever
(Tx: buzzer pad, Imipramine,
DDAVP (first line tx))

Front 12

Encopresis: define and tx

Back 12

(>4 y/o): kids won't poop
(Tx: laxatives)

Front 13

Autism

Back 13

repetitive movements, lack of verbal skills and bonding

Front 14

Asperger's

Back 14

good-communication, impaired relationships, no mental retardation

Front 15

Rett's

Back 15

only in girls, decreased head growth, lose motor skills, hand-wringing

Front 16

Childhood Disintegrative Disorder:

Back 16

kid stops walking/ talking

Front 17

Selective Mutism: define and Tx

Back 17

kid talks-sometimes
(Tx: Fluoxetine)

Front 18

Separation Anxiety Disorder: define and tx

Back 18

kid screams when Mom leaves (Tx: Imipramine)

Front 19

Reactive Attachment Disorder: 2 types

Back 19

>>Inhibited Type: decreased-social skills
>>Disinhibited Type: attach to everyone

Front 20

Conduct Disorder

Back 20

aggressive, disregard for rules, no sense of guilt "bite"

Front 21

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Back 21

defiant, noncompliant "bark"

Front 22

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: define and tx outcome

Back 22

overactivity, difficulty in school
Tx outcome: calmer, not
euphoria

Front 23

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder:
first line treatment
tx for narcolepsy,and its SE

Back 23

Stimulants (paradosical effect) => vertical nystagmus:
Methylphenidate "Ritalin", Concerta, Methylin, Metadate, Daytrana patch"- tx narcolepsy => appetite
loss, tics

Front 24

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: other first line treatments:

Back 24

Dexmethylphenidate "Focalin"-
Amphetamine "Adderall"
Methamphetamine "Desoxyn"
Dextroamphetamine "Dexedrine, Dextrostat"
Lisdexamfetamine "Vyvanse"
Pemoline "Cylert"

Front 25

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: 2 tx that is potent

Back 25

>>Dexmethylphenidate "Focalin"- more potent
>>Dextroamphetamine "Dexedrine, Dextrostat" - 2x potency of Ritalin

Front 26

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder treatment that has more even effect

Back 26

Lisdexamfetamine "Vyvanse" - more even effect

Front 27

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder treatment that was taken out due to liver failure

Back 27

Pemoline "Cylert"

Front 28

second line tx for ADD:
example
where else is this used for?
SE

Back 28

2nd Line Tx: Antidepressants
>>Buproprion "Wellbutrin" (NE/DA)
also a tx for depression
causes seizures

Front 29

what is the #1 treatment for adult ADD?
SE

Back 29

Atamoxetine "Strattera" (NE)
minimal side effects,

Front 30

treatment of grief

Back 30

Tx: Empathy

Front 31

Sadness

Back 31

situational, normal

Front 32

Grief

Back 32

sadness surrounding loss of someone/ something

Front 33

Bereavement

Back 33

act of grieving, still functional, <2mo

Front 34

Melancholy

Back 34

deep sadness (Ex: sit in dark)

Front 35

what is depression?
what should be ruled out?

Back 35

anhedonia, failure to function, denial
r/o hypothyroidism, SLE, drugs

Front 36

what are the Phases of Grief: tx

Back 36

Tx: Empathy
"DABGA"
Denial
Anger => blame => divorce
Bargaining w / God
Guilt
Acceptance

Front 37

Acute Reactive Depression:

Back 37

type of depression that lasts <2 wk

Front 38

Major Depression

Back 38

lasts >2wk

Front 39

Dysthymia

Back 39

low level sadness >2yr

Front 40

Cyclothymia

Back 40

dysthymia w / hypomania

Front 41

Double Depression

Back 41

depression followed by dysthymia

Front 42

Bipolar

Back 42

massive swings (think about this if antidepressant meds cause mania/hypomania)

Front 43

Bipolar I

Back 43

Depression and Mania (psychosis for at least 7 days)

Front 44

Bipolar II

Back 44

Depression and Hypomania (no psychosis)

Front 45

Catecholamine Side Effects: Dopamine:

Back 45

vomiting center, basal ganglia (movement disorders, psychosis)

Front 46

Catecholamine Side Effects: Norepinephrine:

Back 46

sympathetic side effects

Front 47

Catecholamine Side Effects: Serotonin:

Back 47

sympathetic in brain, parasympathetic in periphery (flushing, wheezing)

Front 48

Bipolar Tx

Back 48

: "LiV Carefully Darling"
• Lithium
• Valproate "Depakene":
• Carbamazepine "Tegretol":
• Divalproex "Depakote":

Front 49

Lithium
MOA
SE on baby
SE on mom
CI with what meds

Back 49

blocks ADHr
Ebstein's anomaly
DI, hypothyroidism, polyuria (do TSH and kidney function)
avoid with NSAIDs

Front 50

Valproate "Depakene": MOA, SE baby and mom, liver, BM, GU

Back 50

blocks Na/Ca, liver necrosis,⇩ bone marrow, NTD, urine incontinence

Front 51

Carbamazepine "Tegretol": SE and tx

Back 51

SIADH, aplastic anemia,
tx trigeminal neuralgia

Front 52

Divalproex "Depakote"

Back 52

slowly absorbed form of valproic acid

Front 53

SE of antidepressants, what should be watched out for? what drugs can augment it? how long does it take to work?

Back 53

Antidepressant
Tx: takes 3-6 wks to work (Lithium or T3 can augment)
>>High rate of suicide during first 3mo of tx (have enough energy to do it)

Front 54

SSRI: MOA, SE, this is a good Tx for what problem?

Back 54

blocks 5-HT reuptake => insomnia, anorgasmia (good for premature ejaculation)

Front 55

SSRI uses

Back 55

Uses: Depression, panic disorder, phobias, OCD, ADD, PTSD, eating disorders

Front 56

name 6 SSRI's medicaitons;

Back 56

Fluoxetine "Prozac"
• Fluvoxamine "Luvox"
• Paroxetine "Paxil"
• Citalopram "Celexa"
• Escitalopram "Lexapro"-
• Sertraline "Zoloft"

Front 57

SSRI that is good for bulimics and pregnant women, long t 1/2 life

Back 57

Fluoxetine "Prozac"

Front 58

SSRI that is a tx MI for depression

Back 58

Paroxetine "Paxil"

Front 59

SSRI with less side effects

Back 59

Citalopram "Celexa"

Front 60

SSRI that is purer form of citalopram

Back 60

Escitalopram "Lexapro"

Front 61

SSRI tx PTSD

Back 61

Sertraline "Zoloft"

Front 62

what are the drugs that can cause priapism? (4)

Back 62

• Trazodone
• Prazosin
• Chlorpromazine
• SSRIs

Front 63

Seratonin Agonists:

Back 63

• Sumatriptan
• Elatriptan
• Methysergide
• Cisapride

Front 64

Sumatriptan

Back 64

tx acute migraines

Front 65

Seratonin Agonists: SE die of MI

Back 65

Methysergide

Front 66

Seratonin Agonists: off market due to Torsade

Back 66

Cisapride

Front 67

SNRIs:

Back 67

SNRIs:
"Do Treat A Bad mood Very' Nicely"
• Duloxetine "Cymablta"- tx diabetic neuropathic pain
• Trazodone (NE/5-HT2 "Desyrel"
• Atamoxetine (NE) "Strattera"-
• Buproprion (NE/DA) "wellbutrin"- seizures,
• Mirtazapine (NE/5-HT) "Remeron" - weight gain
• Venlafaxine (NE/5-HT)
• Desvenlafaxine (NE/5-HT)-
• Nefazadone (NE/5-HT2) "Serzone"

Front 68

SNRIs: tx diabetic neuropathic pain

Back 68

Duloxetine "Cymablta"-

Front 69

SNRIs: Trazodone tx for painful erections

Back 69

(NE/5-HT2) "Desyrel"
causes priapism (painful erection >4hr)
Tx=Epi

Front 70

SNRIs: tx adult ADD

Back 70

Atamoxetine (NE) "Strattera"

Front 71

TCA:
SE (2)
MCC of what in children?
OD Tx

Back 71

sedation, weight gain
#1 cause of child ingestion deaths,
OD Tx: Bicarb

Front 72

Nefazadone
SE

Back 72

(NE/5-HT2) "Serzone"
dizziness

Front 73

Venlafaxine

Back 73

(NE/5-HT) "Effexor"
discontinuation syndrome, HTN

Front 74

side effects of NE/5-HT reuptake inhibitor:

Back 74

sympathetic side effects

Front 75

Anti-cholinergic: symptoms

Back 75

hot, dry skin (can't sweat), impotence

Front 76

alpha 1blocker: effects on BP and symptoms

Back 76

dizzy, orthostatic hypotension

Front 77

Na blocker:

Back 77

prolonged QT (slows A V conduction) = > severity of overdose

Front 78

what are the TCA's

Back 78

"(TCA 's) May Notoriously Accentuate Child Ingestion Deaths"
Maprotiline "Ludiomil"
Nortriptyline "Pamelor"
Amitriptyline "Elavil"
Amoxapine "Asendin"
Clomipramine "Anaftanil"
Imipramine "Tofranil"
Desipramine "Norpramin"

Front 79

TCA that has a seizure risk?

Back 79

Maprotiline "Ludiomil"

Front 80

Psychotic Symptoms: ( + ) and ( - ) symptoms

Back 80

(+):Hallucinations, Delusions
(-):Blunt affect, Apathy

Front 81

Nortriptyline "Pamelor": tx

Back 81

TCA: good for elderly

Front 82

Amitriptyline "Elavil" Tx

Back 82

TCA: tx chronic pain/neuropathy

Front 83

Amoxapine "Asendin": SE

Back 83

TCA: tardive dyskinesia

Front 84

Clomipramine "Anaftanil": Tx

Back 84

TCA: best tx for OCD

Front 85

Desipramine "Norpramin": (3) Tx

Back 85

TCA: tx catatonia, stimulates appetite, good for elderly

Front 86

Imipramine "Tofranil": SE and Tx

Back 86

TCA: blurred vision,
tx child enuresis, tx separation anxiety

Front 87

mechanism of action of MAOI pre-synaptic and post-synaptic

Back 87

MAOI: prevents NE/5-HT breakdown
Pre-synaptic: MAO breaks down catecholamines (MAO levels increase w/ age)
Post-synaptic: COMT breaks down catecholamines

Front 88

Don't use MAOI's w/ wine, cheese why? what would you treat them?

Back 88

Don't use w/ wine, cheese (tyramine) => octapine => hypertensive crisis
(Tx: Phentolamine)

Front 89

What are the three drugs that you don't want to mix with MAOI's?
how many days should we wait before we can use the other?

Back 89

don't mix with MAOI's with SSRis, Pseudoephedrine, Mepiridine
=> change in mental status
(need 2wk washout)

Front 90

Don't use MAOI's with seafood (5-HT)

Back 90

Don't use w/ seafood (5-HT) => serotonin syndrome => MI

Front 91

what are the MAOI's?

Back 91

"PITS"
Phenelzine
Isocarboxazid
Tranylcypromine -
Selegiline "Elderpryl"

Front 92

Selegiline "Elderpryl"
MOA
Tx

Back 92

MAOb selective
prevents DA breakdown):
tx Parkinson's

Front 93

Tranylcypromine: what kind of effects and side effects

Back 93

amphetamine-like effects, no liver toxicity

Front 94

Phenelzine: effects

Back 94

GABA effects

Front 95

what is Electroconvulsive Therapy and how is it given?
when is it used?
CI
SE/complications:

Back 95

induces 25-60 sec of generalized seizures and given with general anesthetic and muscle relaxant to prevent broken bones
• Good for elderly, pregnant women, active suicidality, unresponsive to meds
CI: Can't use with ⇧intracranial pressure or recent MI
Complications: Causes retrograde amnesia, seizures

Front 96

Brief reactive psychosis:

Back 96

< 1mo (Ex: "going postal"), change baseline personality

Front 97

Schizophreniform:

Back 97

1-6mo change baseline personality

Front 98

Schizophrenia

Back 98

>6mo change baseline personality

Front 99

types of schizophrenia (5)

Back 99

Paranoid
Disorganized
Catatonic
Undifferentiated
Residual

Front 100

Paranoid schizophrenia

Back 100

delusions + hallucinations

Front 101

Disorganized Schizophrenia

Back 101

disinhibition, poor organization

Front 102

Catatonic Schizophrenia: define and tx

Back 102

bizarre positioning
(Tx: BZ)

Front 103

Undifferentiated Schizophrenia

Back 103

more than one of the following: catatonic, disorganized or paranoid

Front 104

Residual Schizophrenia

Back 104

emotional blunting, odd beliefs after previous episode

Front 105

Schizo affective:

Back 105

schizophrenia + mood d/o (depression or mania), sx balanced by mood d/o

Front 106

Shared Psychotic Disorder:

Back 106

believe another's delusions

Front 107

Minimal CYP450 Interactions:
what are the drugs
what is it good for?

Back 107

>>"Good for pts w / multiple illnesses"
"Meds Very Seldom Eat CYP450"
Mirtazapine
Venlafaxine
Sertraline
Escitalopram
Citalopram

Front 108

Loose associations

Back 108

ideas switch subjects

Front 109

Flight of ideas

Back 109

no connections between thoughts

Front 110

Tangentiality

Back 110

wanders off the point and never gets back to
the point

Front 111

Circumstantiality

Back 111

digresses, but finally gets back to the point

Front 112

Clanging

Back 112

words that sound alike, rhymes

Front 113

Word salad

Back 113

unrelated combinations of words

Front 114

Perseveration

Back 114

keeps repeating the same words

Front 115

Neologisms

Back 115

new words

Front 116

Delusion

Back 116

one false belief

Front 117

Illusion

Back 117

misinterprets stimulus (Ex: magic shows)

Front 118

Hallucination: define and what are its 3 types

Back 118

false sensory perception
>>Visual hallucination
>>Auditory hallucination
>>Tactile hallucination

Front 119

what type of hallucination is the most common?

Back 119

Auditory hallucination

Front 120

what kind of hallucination? EtOH withdrawal/Cocaine intoxication => formication

Back 120

Tactile hallucination:

Front 121

Nihilism:

Back 121

thinks the world has stopped

Front 122

Loss of ego boundaries:

Back 122

not knowing where I end and you begin

Front 123

Ideas of reference:

Back 123

believes the media is talking to you

Front 124

Thought blocking:

Back 124

stops mid-sentence

Front 125

Thought broadcasting:

Back 125

believes everyone can read his thoughts

Front 126

Thought insertion:

Back 126

believes others are putting thoughts into his head

Front 127

Thought withdrawal:

Back 127

believes others are taking thoughts out of his head

Front 128

Concrete thinking:

Back 128

can't interpret abstract proverbs, just sees the facts

Front 129

Typical Antipsychotics:
MOA
tx (2)

Back 129

block D2
tx schizophrenia, tx emesis

Front 130

what are the EPS Side Effects: (5)

Back 130

Dystonia
Tardive dyskinesia
Akathisia
Parkinson's
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Front 131

Dystonia
describe (3)
tx

Back 131

(eyes roll up, thick tongue, torticollis)
Tx: diphenydramine or Benztropine

Front 132

Tardive dyskinesia
describe
tx

Back 132

(facial grimace w/ tongue thrusting)
Tx: Clozapine "to cloze their mouth"

Front 133

Akathisia
describe
tx

Back 133

(non-stop restless movements)
Tx: Propranolol

Front 134

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
describe
tx

Back 134

(fever >104·, muscle rigidity, inc. CPK, death)
Tx: Dantrolene

Front 135

Parkinson's
describe
tx (2)

Back 135

(poverty of movement)
Tx: L-DOPA/Carbidopa or Bromocriptine

Front 136

Low Potency typical anti-psychotics
MOA
SE
tx
examples (2)

Back 136

blocks α 1 => orthostatic hypotension
tx mild psychosis
• Chlorpromazine "Thorazine":
• Thioridazine "Mellaril":

Front 137

Chlorpromazine "Thorazine":
SE (2)
Tx

Back 137

cornea/lens pigmentation,
aplastic anemia
tx intractable hiccups,

Front 138

Thioridazine "Mellaril":
SE (2)
OD Tx

Back 138

retinal pigmentation and ⇧QT
(Tx O /D with bicarb)

Front 139

High Potency typical anti-psychotics:
SE (2)
what happens to these levels (DA ⇨PRL ⇨GnRH/TRH)

Back 139

galactorrhea, amenorrhea
(⇩DA ⇨ ⇧PRL ⇨ ⇩GnRH/ ⇩TRH)

Front 140

High Potency typical anti-psychotics: name all

Back 140

'Positive Psychotics Prove Treatable, Though Hallucinate Darn Frequently"
Perphenazine "Trilafon"
Prochlorperazine "Compazine":
Pimozide
Trifluoperazine
Thiothixene
Haloperidol"
Droperidol
Fluphenazine "Prolixin"

Front 141

Prochlorperazine "Compazine"

Back 141

tx emesis

Front 142

Pimozide is a tx for what?

Back 142

tx body dysmorphic disorder

Front 143

Haloperidol"Haldol"
when is it given
tx
advantage
SE

Back 143

can give q4wk decanoate,
tx Huntington's, least seizures,⇧ EPS

Front 144

Droperidol tx

Back 144

tx acute psychosis

Front 145

Fluphenazine "Prolixin":
tx
when is it given

Back 145

tx facial tics
q2wk decanoate

Front 146

Atypical Antipsychotics:
MOA
tx

Back 146

block D4 and 5-HT2,
tx negative symptoms

Front 147

Atypical Antipsychotics: name all (6)

Back 147

Clozapine "Clozaril"
• Quetiapine "Seroquel"
• Risperidone "Risperdal":
• Ziprasadone "Geodon"
• Aripiprazol "Abilify"
• Olanzapine "Zyprexa"

Front 148

Clozapine "Clozaril"
type of drug
SE
tx (2)
CI with what drug?

Back 148

Atypical Antipsychotics
fatal agranulocytosis (stomatitis)
tx resistant-dz and flat affect
no BZ

Front 149

Quetiapine "Seroquel"
type of drug
what is it for?

Back 149

Atypical Antipsychotics
good for sleeping off withdrawal

Front 150

Risperidone "Risperdal":

Back 150

Atypical Antipsychotics: ⇧prolactin

Front 151

Ziprasadone "Geodon"

Back 151

⇧QT

Front 152

Olanzapine "Zyprexa"
SE and what should be checked?
tx
CI (2)

Back 152

lot of weight gain (check for fasting lipid panels)
tx HIV psychosis
avoid in smokers/PKU

Front 153

Worry

Back 153

situational, controlled

Front 154

Anxiety

Back 154

outward manifestation of worry

Front 155

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
describe
tx

Back 155

hyperarousal > 6mo that lacks a stressor
(Tx: Buspirone)

Front 156

Adjustment Disorder:

Back 156

abnormal excessive reaction to a life stressor (<3mo)

Front 157

Social Phobia "Social Anxiety Disorder"

Back 157

extreme shyness, knows it is irrational

Front 158

Acute Stress Disorder (ASD):

Back 158

PTSD < 1 mo (Ex: "shell shock")

Front 159

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD):
describe
tx

Back 159

flashbacks > 1mo (Tx: SSRI)

Front 160

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD):
describe
tx

Back 160

compulsive checking, counting, cleaning (Tx: SSRI)

Front 161

Phobias: define and name all phobias

Back 161

avoidance behavior, knows it is irrational fear
• Acrophobia
• AgOrophobia
• Arachnophobia
• Claustrophobia
• Ophidiophobia

Front 162

Acrophobia:

Back 162

fear of heights "acrobats"

Front 163

AgOrophobia:

Back 163

fear of gOing outside

Front 164

Arachnophobia

Back 164

fear of spiders

Front 165

Claustrophobia:

Back 165

fear of small spaces

Front 166

Ophidiophobia:

Back 166

fear of snakes

Front 167

what are the 3 Short-Acting BZ:?
what patient is this ideally given to?

Back 167

good for elderly
Oxazepam
Alprazolam
triazolam

Front 168

Panic Attack:

Back 168

situational, think they are having a heart attack, stops instantly

Front 169

Panic Disorder
how long and often should the panic attacts should be?
what can induce a panic attack?
how this be treated?

Back 169

panic attacks (30 min X 2/wk), can be induced by lactate or inhaled CO2
• Tx:
1) Start BZ (immediate effect)
2) Start SSRI
3) Taper off BZ

Front 170

Anxiolytics:
name the 3 types
MOA
what effects this do for the elderly?

Back 170

>>inc. GABA => less likely to >>depolarize
>>the benzodiazepines, non-benzodiazepines and barbiturates
>>causes agitation in elderly

Front 171

Benzodiazepines

Back 171

bind BZr => GABAr => inc. freq of Cl opening => into cell => less firing

Front 172

what are the benzodiazepines?

Back 172

Clonazepam
Temazepam "Restoril"
Flurazepam "Dalmane" Lorazepam "Ativan"
Oxazepam "Serax"
Diazepam "Valium"
Midozelam "Versed"
Alprazolam "Xanax"
Triazolam "Halcion"
Chlordiazepoxide "Librium"
Chlorazepate "Tranxene"
Flumazenil

Front 173

Clonazepam "Clonopin"
what form
tx (2)

Back 173

wafer form
Tx absence seizures, tx chronic anxiety

Front 174

Temazepam "Restoril"

Back 174

tx to maintain sleep

Front 175

Flurazepam "Dalmane"
duration

Back 175

longest acting

Front 176

Lorazepam "Ativan"
tx (2)

Back 176

tx status epilepticus (2nd line)
tx anxiety disorder

Front 177

Oxazepam "Serax"

Back 177

short-acting

Front 178

Diazepam "Valium"
tx (2)

Back 178

tx status epilepticus (rectal suppository)
tx muscle spasm

Front 179

Midozelam "Versed"
when is this used
SE

Back 179

for short-term procedures
45min anterograde amnesia

Front 180

Alprazolam "Xanax"
tx
SE
what happens when one misses a dose?

Back 180

tx panic attacks,
causes blackouts, seizures if missed dosage.

Front 181

Triazolam "Halcion"
SE (2)

Back 181

tx to "try" to fall sleep,
15min anterograde amnesia
rebound insomnia

Front 182

Chlordiazepoxide "Librium"

Back 182

tx delirium tremens

Front 183

Chlorazepate "Tranxene"
tx

Back 183

tx partial seizures

Front 184

Flumazenil

Back 184

tx acute BZ O/D

Front 185

Charcoal

Back 185

tx chronic BZ O/D

Front 186

Non-Benzodiazepines:

Back 186

"its a BREeZZ"
Buspirone "BuSpar"
Ramelteon ,Rozerem"
Eszopiclone "Lunesta"
Zolpidem "Ambien"
Zaleplon "Sonata'

Front 187

Buspirone "BuSpar"
tx (2)

Back 187

tx generalized anxiety disorder, tx Alzheimer's anxiety

Front 188

Eszopiclone "Lunesta"

Back 188

tx chronic insomnia

Front 189

Ramelteon ,Rozerem"

Back 189

melatonin agonist

Front 190

Zolpidem "Ambien"
tx
duration

Back 190

tx insomnia, short-acting

Front 191

Zaleplon "Sonata''
tx
duration

Back 191

tx insomnia, ultra short-acting

Front 192

Barbiturates: MOA, CI, not a tx for what? and why?

Back 192

(weak acids) bind Barbr => GABAr => inc. duration of Cl open "Barbiduration"
Tx: same as BZ (not for anxiety b/c too sedating)
Avoid: with alcohol (two acids) and with porphyria patients

Front 193

what are the barbiturates?

Back 193

Phenobarbital
• Prinudone
• Pentobarbital
• Secobarbital
• Thiopental
• Bicarbonate
• Doxapram

Front 194

Phenobarbital

Back 194

longest acting,
tx generalized seizures in kids

Front 195

Prinudone

Back 195

parent compound of phenobarbital

Front 196

Pentobarbital

Back 196

tx epilepsy

Front 197

Secobarbital

Back 197

used on the street as a downer "dmg seeking"

Front 198

Thiopental

Back 198

anesthesia induction, distributed into tissues (i.e. skeletal muscle)

Front 199

Bicarbonate

Back 199

#1 tx Barb OD (cause. weak acid to not be absorbed => pee it out)

Front 200

Doxapram

Back 200

#2 tx Barb OD (stimulates respiratory center => wakes you up)

Front 201

Personality Disorders
Cluster A: name all

Back 201

>>don't think they have a problem
>>Weird=> Thought Disorders
Paranoid
Schizotypal
Schizoid

Front 202

Cluster B: name all

Back 202

Wild => Mood Disorders
Antisocial disorder
Conduct disorder
Histrionic
Borderline
Narcissistic

Front 203

Schizoid

Back 203

"recluse", don't want to fit in

Front 204

Paranoid
what defense mechanism do they use?

Back 204

suspicious about everything, use projection

Front 205

Schizotypal

Back 205

"magical thinking", bizarre behavior

Front 206

Antisocial disorder

Back 206

lie, steal, cheat, destroy property, impulsive w/o remorse

Front 207

Conduct disorder

Back 207

childhood (<18 ylo) antisocial disorder

Front 208

Histrionic personality D/O: describe and what is their defense mechanism?

Back 208

theatrical, sexually provocative, use repression, hardest to obtain history

Front 209

Borderline: describe and defense mechanism

Back 209

"perpetual teenager", splitting (love/hate), self-mutilation, projection, acting out

Front 210

Narcissistic

Back 210

pompous, no empathy, need the "best" of everything, sensitive to criticism

Front 211

Cluster C:

Back 211

Worried =>Anxiety Disorders
Dependant
Obsessive-Compulsive
Avoidant

Front 212

Dependant: describe and defense mechanism

Back 212

clingy, submissive, low self-confidence, need for reassurance, use regression

Front 213

Obsessive-Compulsive: describe and defense mechanism?

Back 213

perfectionist, don't show feelings, detail-oriented, use isolation

Front 214

Avoidant

Back 214

socially withdrawn, afraid of rejection but want relationships

Front 215

Kleptomania:

Back 215

steals for the fun of it

Front 216

Pyromania

Back 216

starts fires

Front 217

Pathological Gambling

Back 217

can't stop gambling, affects others

Front 218

Trichotillomania

Back 218

pull out their hair (eating hair "trichotillophagia" => bezoars)

Front 219

Somatization: describe and Tx

Back 219

think they have a different form of illness all the time, subconscious
(Tx: frequent visits)

Front 220

Hypochondriasis:

Back 220

thinks they have the same illness all the time, conscious

(Tx: frequent visit)

Front 221

Body dysmorphic disorder: describe and tx

Back 221

imagined physical defect (Tx: Pimozide)

Front 222

Conversion: describe and what should be ruled out?

Back 222

motor and sensory neurologic manifestation of internal conflict, indifferent to disability (rule out MS and brain tumor)

Front 223

Malingering:

Back 223

fake illness for monetary gain. avoids medical treatment

Front 224

Factitious:

Back 224

fake illness to get attention, seeks medical treatment

Front 225

Munchausen: describe and 2ndary to what?

Back 225

Mom fakes illness to get attention "2° factitious"

Front 226

Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures "pseudoseizures":

Back 226

normal EEG, may have tears

Front 227

Syncope vs conversion d/o?

Back 227

pale (conversion d/o is not pale) when loose consciousness

Front 228

Psychogenic coma:

Back 228

unconscious + normal "COWS" test

Front 229

Munchausen by proxy:

Back 229

Mom makes child ill for gain, move a lot

Front 230

Dissociative Amnesia:

Back 230

can't recall important facts

Front 231

Dissociative Fugue:

Back 231

no past, create a new life, usually due to trauma, subconscious

Front 232

Dissociative Identity Disorder "Multiple Personality Disorder":

Back 232

usually associated with incest

Front 233

Depersonalization Disorder:

Back 233

"out of body" experiences, deja vu

Front 234

Defense Mechanisms: 2 types

Back 234

deal with all life issues this way
mature and immature

Front 235

Defense Mechanisms: mature (5)

Back 235

"SHArPS"
Altruism
philanthropy
Humor
Sublimation
Suppression

Front 236

Suppression

Back 236

consciously block memory

Front 237

Altruism

Back 237

puts others before self

Front 238

Humor

Back 238

most mature type

Front 239

Philanthropy

Back 239

gives monetary gifts

Front 240

Sublimation

Back 240

substitute acceptable for unacceptable (Ex: boxer vs. fighting)

Front 241

Immature defence mechanisms

Back 241

Acting out, Countertransference, Dissociation, imitation, dealization, Identification, Imitation, Passive Aggression, Projection, Regression, Social learning, Splitting, Transference

Front 242

Acting out

Back 242

expression of impulse, "tantrums"

Front 243

Countertransference

Back 243

doctor identifies pt as family member, etc.

Front 244

Dissociation:

Back 244

compartmentalization of memories
(Ex: hooker by night, soccer mom by day)

Front 245

Identification

Back 245

modeling behavior after another person
(Ex: abused becomes abuser)

Front 246

Passive Aggression

Back 246

express anger indirectly

Front 247

Projection

Back 247

accusing others of your feelings

Front 248

Regression

Back 248

immature behavior

Front 249

Splitting

Back 249

black/white

Front 250

Imitation

Back 250

replicates another's behavior

Front 251

Transference

Back 251

pt identifies the doctor as a family member, etc.

Front 252

Idealization

Back 252

wait for "ideal spouse" while they are beating you up

Front 253

Compensation

Back 253

doing something different to what you used to do

Front 254

Counter phobic Behavior -

Back 254

mountain climb to overcome acrophobia

Front 255

Denial-

Back 255

refuse to face the truth (MI yesterday, push-ups today)

Front 256

Displacement-

Back 256

take action against someone b/c of something unrelated (Ex: 3 Stooges)

Front 257

Fantasy

Back 257

-leave dead loved one's things exactly as they were

Front 258

Intellectualization

Back 258

- act like a "know-it-all" to avoid feeling emotions

Front 259

Isolation of Affect

Back 259

- isolate feelings to keep on functioning

Front 260

Justification-

Back 260

make excuses after the fact

Front 261

Rationalization -

Back 261

make excuses for all situations

Front 262

Reaction Formation

Back 262

act opposite of how you feel (smile when you feel sad)

Front 263

Undoing

Back 263

doing the exact opposite of what you used to do to fix a wrong

Front 264

Repression

Back 264

subconsciously block memory

Front 265

Cognitive Therapies: Biofeedback

Back 265

use mind to control visceral changes

Front 266

Cognitive Therapies:Cognitive therapy

Back 266

- replace negative thoughts with positive thoughts

Front 267

Cognitive Therapies:Systematic desensitization -

Back 267

slowly introduce feared object

Front 268

Cognitive Therapies: Flooding/Implosion

Back 268

give overdose of feared object

Front 269

Cognitive Therapies: Aversive conditioning

Back 269

tx paraphilia or addictions with unpleasant stimulus (electric shock)

Front 270

Cognitive Therapies:Token economy-

Back 270

give "tokens" as a reward for good behavior

Front 271

Normal Sexual Cycle: 4 steps

Back 271

1) Excitement: penile/clitoral erection, vaginal lubrication
2) Plateau: testes move up, secrete pre-ejaculate/ contract outer vagina, facial flushing
3) Orgasm: release seminal fluid/ contract vagina and uterus <= SSRis delay this
4) Resolution: refractory period (none in women)

Front 272

treatment for excitement phase

Back 272

Viagra inc this; Propanolol dec.

Front 273

Hypoactive sexual desire:

Back 273

Desire Disorders: excitement phase
decreased interest (Tx: refer to sex therapist)

Front 274

Sexual aversion:

Back 274

Desire Disorders: excitement phase
avoidance of sexual activity

Front 275

Female Sexual Arousal Disorder:

Back 275

Arousal Disorders: excitement/ plateau phase
can't maintain vaginal lubrication

Front 276

Male Erectile DYsfunction:
what are the 3 causes of erectile dysfunction?

Back 276

Arousal Disorders: excitement/ plateau phase

i) can't initiate - psych/neuro/endocrine problem
ii) can't fill - artery problem
iii) can't store - vein problem

Front 277

what is Male/Female orgasmic disorder and tx?

Back 277

Orgasmic Disorders: orgasm phase
inability to achieve orgasm
(Tx: self stimulation)

Front 278

Premature ejaculation:

Back 278

Orgasmic Disorders: orgasm phase
ejaculation before the man wants it to occur

Front 279

Spinal cord injury:

Back 279

Orgasmic Disorders: orgasm phase
retrograde ejaculation, orgasmic dysfunction

Front 280

Dyspareunia:
describe
what should be ruled out?

Back 280

Pain Disorders:
persistent pain with intercourse
(rule out endometriosis, vaginal dryness, infection)

Front 281

Vaginismus: define an tx:

Back 281

painful spasm of vagina
(Tx: Kegel exercises, gradual dilatation)

Front 282

Sexual Paraphilias:
define
Tx

Back 282

get sexual pleasure from ... (> 6 mo, interferes with their life)
Tx: Chemical castration if warranted (SSRis, Flutamide, Estrogen)

Front 283

Sadism:

Back 283

gives pain/humiliation

Front 284

Masochism:

Back 284

receives pain/humiliation

Front 285

Exhibitionism:

Back 285

exposure to others

Front 286

Voyeurism:

Back 286

watching other people without their permission

Front 287

Scatologia:

Back 287

phone sex

Front 288

Frotteurism:

Back 288

rub penis against fully clothed women

Front 289

Transvestite:

Back 289

dress up as opposite sex, no identity crisis

Front 290

Transsexual:

Back 290

gender identity crisis "man trapped in a woman's body"

Front 291

Gender Identity Disorder:

Back 291

strong desire to be the opposite sex

Front 292

Fetish:

Back 292

objects (vibrators, dildos, shoes)

Front 293

Pedophilia:

Back 293

children (watching child pornography)

Front 294

Necrophilia:

Back 294

corpses

Front 295

Bestiality:

Back 295

animals

Front 296

Urophilia:

Back 296

urine

Front 297

Coprophilia

Back 297

feces

Front 298

Klismaphilia:

Back 298

enemas

Front 299

Suicide Risk Factors:

Back 299

• Single
• Caucasian
• Male
• >45 y/o
• Poor health

Front 300

HTN/CAD: is associated with what personality?

Back 300

Type A personality

Front 301

Asthma is associated with what personality disorder?

Back 301

Dependant Personality Disorder

Front 302

Migraines are associated with what personality disorder?

Back 302

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

Front 303

what disease can cause Depression? (3)

Back 303

Pancreatic CA, Multiple Myeloma, Huntington's

Front 304

Mania is associated with what medical syndrome? (4)

Back 304

"SAM Has Mania"
AIDS, Huntington's, SLE, MS

Front 305

Opioid withdrawal:

Back 305

painful, don't die

Front 306

EtOH withdrawal:

Back 306

die after DT

Front 307

Amytal interview:

Back 307

diagnose conversion disorder

Front 308

Na Lacate/C02:

Back 308

induces panic disorder

Front 309

Hyperventilation is associated with?

Back 309

absence seizures

Front 310

DA (substantia nigra): is increase/decreased in what psychiatric or medical conditions?

Back 310

decreased in Parkinson's, increased in Schizophrenia

Front 311

NE (locus ceruleus):

Back 311

increased in Panic, Anxiety

Front 312

5-HT (raphe nucleus):

Back 312

decreased in Depression, Bulimia, Aggression, OCD

Front 313

ACh (nucleus basalis of Meynert)

Back 313

decreased in Alzheimer's

Front 314

Substance abuse:

Back 314

impairment of functioning

Front 315

Substance dependence:

Back 315

tolerance, withdrawal

Front 316

Intermittent Explosive Disorder:

Back 316

loses self-control without adequate reason

Front 317

Transference

Back 317

pt identifies the doctor as a family member, etc.