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111 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Analytical Psychology
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Jung's theory of personality
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Libido (Jung)
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A broader and more generalized form of psychic energy. Not limited to a certain amount.
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Psyche
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Jung's term for personality
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Principle of Opposites
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Jung's idea that conflict between opposing processes or tendencies is necessary to generate psychic energy.
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Equivalence Principle
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Jung. The continuing redistribution of energy within a personality; if the energy expended on certain conditions or activities weakens or disappears, that energy is transferred elsewhere in the personality.
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Entropy Principle
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Jung. A tendency toward balance or equilibrium within the personality; the ideal is an equal distribution of psychic energy over all structures of personality.
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Ego (Jung)
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The conscious aspect of personality.
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Extraversion
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Jung. An attitude of the psyche characterized by an orientation toward the external world and other people.
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Introversion
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Jung. An attitude of the psyche characterized by an orientation toward one's own thoughts and feelings.
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Psychological Types
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Jung. The 8 personality types based on interactions of attitudes. Introversion and extraversion along with the functions: thinking, feeling, sensing and intuiting.
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Personal Unconscious
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Jung. The reservoir of material that was once conscious but has been forgotten or suppressed.
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Complex
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Jung. A core or pattern of emotions, memories, perceptions and wishes in the personal unconscious organized around a common theme, such sa power or status.
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Collective Unconscious
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Jung. The deepest level of the psyche containing the accumulation of inherited experiences of human and pre-human species.
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Archetypes
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Jung. Images of universal experiences contained in the collective unconscious. Hero, mother, wise old man.
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Persona Archetype
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Jung. The public face or role a person presents to others.
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Anima Archetype
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Jung. Feminine aspects of the male psyche.
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Animus Archetype
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Jung. Masculine aspects of the female psyche.
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Shadow Archetype
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Jung. The dark side of the personality; the archetype that contains primitive animal instincts as well as evil, creativity, emotion.
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Self Archetype
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Jung. Middle Age. The archetype that represents the unity, integration and harmony of the total personality.
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Individuation
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Jung. A condition of psychological health resulting from the integration of all conscious and unconscious facets of the personality.
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World Association Test
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Jung. A projective technique in which a person responds to a stimulus word with whatever word comes to mind.
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Symptom Analysis
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Jung. Similar to catharsis, the technique focuses on the symptoms reported by the patient and attempts to interpret the patient's free associations to those symptoms.
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Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
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An assessment test based on Jung's psychological types and attitudes of introversion and extraversion.
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Life-History Reconstruction
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Jung's type of case study that involves examining a person's past experiences to identify developmental patterns that may explain present neuroses.
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Individual Psychology
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Adler's theory of personality.
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Inferiority Feelings
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Adler. The normal condition of all people; the source of all human striving.
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Compensation
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Adler. A motivation to overcome inferiority, to strive for higher levels of development.
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Inferiority Complex
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Adler. A condition that develops when a person is unable to compensate for normal inferiority feelings.
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Superiority Complex
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Adler. A condition that develops when a person overcompensates for normal inferiority feelings.
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Three sources to Inferiority Complex
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Adler. Organic, spoiling, neglect.
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Organic Inferiority
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Adler. Physical inferiority; defective parts/organs.
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Spoiling Inferiority
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Adler. Not experienced with not being center of attention. Unprepared for social interaction. Doesn't know to wait.
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Neglected Inferiority
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Adler. Lack of love/security. Develop worthlessness/anger/distrust.
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Fictional Finalism
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Adler. The idea that there is an imagined or potential goal that guides our behavior. We strive towards a complete or whole state. Increases tension, subjective final goal.
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Style of Life
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Adler. A unique character structure or pattern of personal behaviors and characteristics by which each of us strives for perfection.
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Four basic Styles of Life
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Adler. Dominant, getting, avoiding and socially useful.
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Dominant Type
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Adler. Ruling attitude with little social awareness. Behaves without regard of others.
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Getting Type
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Adler. Expects to receive satisfaction from others so is dependent on them.
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Avoidant Type
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Adler. No attempt to face life's problem. By avoiding difficulties, avoid possible failures.
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Socially Useful Type
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Adler. Cooperates with others and acts in accordance to their needs. Copes with problems with a well developed framework of social interests.
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Creative Power of Self
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Adler. The ability to create an appropriate style of life. Not the experiences that matter but our way of interpreting it.
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Social Interests
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Adler. Our innate potential to cooperate with other people to achieve personal and societal goals.
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First Born Child - Adler
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Dethronement. Plays role of teacher, tutor, leader. Mature intellectually to a higher degree. Good organizers, detail. May grow insecure, hostile.
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Second Born Child - Adler
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Strive to catch up to 1st born. More optimistic and competitive/ambitious. Can also become an underachiever.
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Youngest Child - Adler
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Develop quickly, often high achievers. Can become helpless and dependent on others if spoiled.
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Only Child - Adler
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Mature early and manifest adult behaviors. Difficulties outside of home where they are not center of attention.
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First Born - Research
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High achievers, high IQ, more years of formal education, more prestigious occupations. More dependent on others, more suggestible.
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Second Born - Reserach
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Lower self-esteem. Not more competitive. Influenced more by older siblings than parents.
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Last Born - Research
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Excessive pampering causes maladjustment problems as adults. More sociable/popular.
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Early Recollections
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Adler. A personality assessment technique which our earliest memories, whether of real events or fantasies, are assumed to reveal the primary interest of our lives.
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Safety Need
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Horney. A higher-level need for security and freedom from fear.
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Basic Anxiety/Evil
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Horney. A pervasive feeling of loneliness and helplessness; the foundation of neurosis.
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Neurotic Needs
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Horney. Ten irrational defenses against anxiety that become a permanent part of personality that affect behavior.
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Neurotic Trends
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Horney. Three categories of behaviors and attitudes toward oneself and others that express a person's needs; Horney's revision to the concept of neurotic needs.
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Compliant Personality
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Horney. Moving towards other people.
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Aggressive Personality
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Horney. Moving against other people.
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Detached Personality
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Horney. Moving away from other people.
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Securing Affection and Love
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Horney. "If you love me, you will not hurt me"
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Being Submissive
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Horney. "If I do this, you will love me."
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Attaining Power
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Horney. "Love me, I am your boss."
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Withdrawing
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Horney. "If I don't love, I will not get hurt"
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Conflict
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Horney. The basic incompatibility of the neurotic trends.
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Four Basic Anxieties
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Horney. Securing Affection and Love, being submissive, attaining power, withdrawing.
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Three Neurotic Trends
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Horney. Compliant personality, aggressive personality, detached personality.
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Self-Image
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Horney. Idealized picture of oneself built on a flexible, realistic, assessment of one's abilities.
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Idealized Self-Image
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Horney. Is based on inflexible, unrealistic, self appraisal of personal strengths/weaknesses based on illusion/absolute perfection.
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Tyranny of the Shoulds
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Horney. An attempt to realize an unattainable idealized self-image by denying the true self and behaving in terms of what we "should" be doing.
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Externalization
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Horney. A way to defend against the conflict caused by teh discrepancy between an idealized and a real self-image by projecting the conflict onto the outside world.
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Feminine Psychology.
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Horney. A revision of psychoanalysis to encompass the psychological conflicts inherent in traditional ideal of womanhood and women's roles.
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Womb Envy
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Horney. The envy a male feels toward a female because she can bear children and he cannot.
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Neurotic Competitiveness
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Horney. An indiscriminate need to win at all costs.
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Psychosocial Stages of Development
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Erikson. 8 successive stages encompassing the life span. At each stage we must cope with a crisis in either an adaptive or a maladaptive way.
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Epigenetic Principle of maturation
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Erikson. The idea that human development is governed by a sequence of stages that depend on genetic or hereditary factors.
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Crisis
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Erikson. Turning point faced at each developmental stage.
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Basic Strengths
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Erikson. Motivating characteristics and beliefs that derive from the satisfactory resolution of the crisis at each developmental stage.
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8 Psychosocial Stages of Development.
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Trust vs Mistrust
Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt Initiative vs Guilt Industriousness vs Inferiority Identity Cohesion vs Role Confusion Intimacy vs Isolation Generativity vs Stagnation Ego Integrity vs Despair |
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Trust vs Mistrust
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Erikson. Birth - 1 years old.
Freud = Oral stage Interaction with mother determines attitude. Affection, love, security then infant will develop trust. Rejecting, inattentive and inconsistentcy will get mistrust. |
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Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
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Erikson. 1 - 3 years old.
Freud = Anal Stage Parents who get frustrated at child creates self-doubt and shame in them. Child starts to experience power of their own will. |
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Initiative vs Guilt
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Erikson. 3 - 5 years old.
Freud = Phallic Stage Child starts to take initiative in many activities. If child is punished and inhibits the display of this, it will cause guilt. Child should be guided with love and understanding. |
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Industriousness vs Inferiority
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Erikson. 6 - 11 years old.
Freud = Latency Period Children work and study to attain praise. Though, if child is rejected, scolded they will develop feelings of inferiority. |
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Identity Cohesion vs Role Confusion
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Erikson. 12 - 18 years old.
Shaping of identity and accepting it, can come out with strong sense of self-identity or meet an identity crisis. |
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Ego Identity
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Erikson. The self-image formed during adolescence that integrates our ideas of what we are and what we want to be.
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Identity Crisis
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Erikson. The failure to achieve ego identity during adolescence.
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Intimacy vs isolation
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Erikson. 18 - 35 years old.
Caring and commitment/sexual relationships. Isolation will avoid social contacts and reject other people . |
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Generativity vs Stagnation
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Erikson. 35 - 55 years old.
Teaching and guiding the next generation. Boredom, interpersonal improverishment, emotional difficulties and midlife crisis. |
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Ego Integrity vs Despair
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Erikson. 55+ years old.
Accept past and one's place. Or regret and frustrated about past events. |
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Psychohistorical Analysis
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Erikson. Application of Erikson's lifespan theory along with psychoanalytic principles to do study of historical figures.
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Play Constructions
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Erikson. A personality assessment technique for children in which structures assembled from dolls, blocks and other toys are analyzed.
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Maladaptation
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Erikson. Too much basic strength.
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Malignancy
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Erikson. Too much basic weakness.
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Basic weakness
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Erikson. Motivating characteristics that derive from the unsatisfactory resolution of developmental crises.
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Maldevelopment
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Erikson. Condition that occurs when the ego consists slely of a single way of coping with conflict.
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Identity Crisis: List 5
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Erikson. Identity Achievement, Moratorium, Foreclosure, Identity Diffusion, Alienated Achievement
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Identity Achievement
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Erikson. Know identity, struggled but now confident.
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Moratorium
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Erikson. Want authority advice but also rebelling against it.
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Foreclosure
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Erikson. Doesn't take time to decide, goal decided already in family.
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Identity Diffusion
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Erikson. Chosen lifestyle doesn't involve commitment
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Alienated Achievement
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Erikson. No occupation goal, had identity crisis and gave up.
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Rhesus Monkey Experiment
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Harlow. We need love/security.
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Strange Situation
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Ainsworth. 18 months = peak of separation anxiety. Placed children in a different place to test relation with mother.
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Secure Attachment
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Ainsworth. Easily comforted by mom when reunited.
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Two types of Anxious Attachment
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Ainsworth. Ambivalent and Avoidant.
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Ambivalent Attachment.
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Ainsworth. An anxious attachment. Does not want mother to leave but does not greet mother when she returns.
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Avoidant Attachment
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Ainsworth. An anxious attachment. Ignores mother before and after she leaves. Severe sexual abuse.
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Disorganized Attachment
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Ainsworth. Tries to get close to mother but afraid. Abusive families: fear.
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Main-Adult Attachment with Kids
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Mary Main. Parents asked to recall childhood experiences.
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Autonomous
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Main. Easily remembered past, open to talk of good/bad. Secure.
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Dismissive
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Main. Indifference to deepest thoughts of past relationships. Remembered little of childhood. Avoidant.
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Preoccupied
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Main. Focused on negative memories. Ambivalent.
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Internal Working Model
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Bowlby. The infant's sense of self and other unfolds through interactions with that primary caregiver.
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Critiques on Attachment
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Centers on mother
Genetics = temperament Home observations not replicated |
