Positioning - Chps 16-17; Digestive System Etc

Front 1

KNOW ANATOMY

Back 1

I'm sorry --- Spelling is going to STINK!!!!

Front 2

what is the cavity posterior to the peritineum?

Back 2

retro peritineum

Front 3

what does cholangio mean?

Back 3

bile ducts

Front 4

what is the largest gland in the body?

Back 4

liver

Front 5

the space between the 2 layers of the peritineum is called the?

Back 5

peritineal cavity

Front 6

the folds of periteneum that support the abdominal organs are called the?

Back 6

omenta

Front 7

the outter portion of the sac that lies in the abdomenal pelvic cavity is the?

Back 7

the perital peritineum

Front 8

which of these organs lie in the pelvic cavity?
kidney, rectum, urinary, bladder

Back 8

urinary, bladder, rectum

Front 9

which lie in the abdomenal cavity?
kidney, gall bladder, stomach?

Back 9

ALL of them

Front 10

in an ERCP the endoscope is passed into the duadenum under fluor. Spot radiographs are usually taken of...
pancreatic ducts, hipatic ducts, or common bile ducts?

Back 10

common bile duct & pancreatic duct

Front 11

in a barium operative cholangiogram - the surgeon injects contrast medium directly into the bilary system - which of the following projections are usually done during the procedure?
AP, AP oblique RPO, AP oblique LPO

Back 11

AP, AP oblique RPO (per author) - in reality just AP

Front 12

where is the center of the IR positioned for a lateral projection of the abdomen done in dorsal decub position?

Back 12

2" above iliac crest

Front 13

which of the following is placed perpindicular to the long axis of the grid for the lateral projection of the abdomen?
midsagital, midcoronal, horizontal or transverse

Back 13

mid coronal

Front 14

demonstrating small amounts of interperitneal gas in patients w/ an acute abdomen is often necessary. How long should the patient lie in the left lateral position before the radiograph is made?

Back 14

10-20 minutes

Front 15

1 of the primary reasons a left lateral decub abdominal radiograph is performed is to demonstrate what?

Back 15

air and fluid levels

Front 16

for which of the following projections of the abdomen is the xray placed in the horizontal position?
lateral, PA upright, AP lateral decub

Back 16

PA upright, and AP lateral decub

Front 17

what is the respiration phase for an AP abdominal radiograph done on left lateral decub position

Back 17

suspend on expiration (because diaphragm goes up)

Front 18

where is the center of the IR positioned for an AP abdominal radiograph done on left lateral decub position?

Back 18

2" above the iliac crest

Front 19

CR angulation for AP abdominal radiograph is?

Back 19

0

Front 20

what is the respiration phase for an AP abdominal radiograph done in supine position?

Back 20

suspend on expiration

Front 21

what is the center of the IR position for an AP abdominal radiograph done in the upright position?

Back 21

2" above the iliac crest

Front 22

where is the center of the IR positioned for the AP abdominal radiograph done in the supine position?

Back 22

at the iliac crest

Front 23

if the patient is unable to stand for an upright AP abdominal radiograph what should you do instead?
right lateral decub, left lateral decub, dorsal decub or ventral decub?

Back 23

dorsal decub

Front 24

the most commonly performed abdominal exam is referred to as?

Back 24

KUB

Front 25

a properly exposed abdominal radiograph will exhibit the:
psoas muscles, lower border of the liver, transverse process of the lumbar vertebrea

Back 25

ALL of them

Front 26

which of the following describes the function of the spleen?
produces glucogon, produces lymphocytes, stores and removes dead blood cells

Back 26

produces lymphocytes, and stores and removes dead blood cells

Front 27

the pancreas produces which of the following?
insulin, glucogon, or pancreatic juice?

Back 27

ALL of them

Front 28

functions of the gall bladder include:
storing bile, concentrating bile, or storing cholesysti????

Back 28

storing bile and concentrating bile

Front 29

KNOW ANATOMY

Back 29

especially the C-Loop!

Front 30

the common hipatic duct and cystic duct join together to form the what?

Back 30

common bile duct

Front 31

the 2 main hipatic ducts join to form the?

Back 31

common hipatic duct

Front 32

what is the radiologically important primary function of the liver?

Back 32

produces bile
(gall bladder STORES bile)

Front 33

what quadrant is the liver in?

Back 33

upper right

Front 34

which projection of the colon best demonstrates the lateral aspect of the ascending colon and the medial aspect of the descending colon when the colon is inflated w/ air?

Back 34

AP left lateral decub

Front 35

which projection of the colon best demonstrates the MEDIAL aspect or the ASCENDING colon and the LATERAL aspect of the DESCENDING colon?

Back 35

AP right lateral decub

Front 36

the entire colon is best demonstrated in which projection?

Back 36

AP or PA

Front 37

how far is the enima tip inserted in the rectum for a colon exam?

Back 37

no more than 4"

Front 38

for all projections of the espophogus the top of the IR is positioned at?

Back 38

level of the mouth

Front 39

for which body type is the large intestine bunched together and positioned very low in the abdomen?

Back 39

asthenic

Front 40

the ascending portion of the colon joins the transverse colon at which flecture?

Back 40

right colic flecture

Front 41

the pouch like portion of the large intestine that is situated below the junction of the ilium and the colon is the?

Back 41

secum

Front 42

the large intestine is made up of a series of pouches caled the?

Back 42

hostra

Front 43

the opening inside the duedenum where pancreatic enzymes and bile enter is called the?

Back 43

greater duedenum pepilla

Front 44

the common bile duct and the pancreatic duct usually unite to form the?

Back 44

hepatopancreatic ampulla

Front 45

the opening between the stomach and the small intestine is termed the?

Back 45

pyloric orifice

Front 46

the esophogus joins the stomach through which orifice?

Back 46

cardiac orifice

Front 47

the folds of the thick innerlining of the stomach are termed the?

Back 47

ruggea

Front 48

which projection is used for radiographs made during defectography?

Back 48

lateral

Front 49

what position demostrates the rectum and rectoid sigmoid area?
(grabbing ankles)

Back 49

Chessard-Lekind?

Front 50

where is the IR centered for the all decub projections of the large intestine?

Back 50

at the iliac crest

Front 51

what projections clearly demonstrate the descending colon?

Back 51

AP oblique RPO and PA oblique LAO

Front 52

which projection will best demonstrate the right cholic flecture?

Back 52

AP oblique LPO and PA oblique RAO

Front 53

the degree of body rotation for an AP oblique projection of the large intestine is?

Back 53

35-45 degrees

Front 54

the central ray angulation for an AP axial projection of the large intestine is?

Back 54

30-40 degrees cephallic - PA caudal
(please confirm this)

Front 55

which plane is centered to the grid for the lateral projection of the large intestine

Back 55

midcoronal

Front 56

which projection of the colon best demonstrates the left cholic flecture?

Back 56

PA oblique LAO

Front 57

the PA oblique projection of the colon is done in the LAO position clearly demonstrates what part of the colon?

Back 57

descending colon

Front 58

which projection of the colon best demonstrates the ascending colon?

Back 58

RAO

Front 59

which projection of the colon best demonstrates the right cholic flecture?

Back 59

RAO

Front 60

which plane is central ray positioned for the PA oblique LAO or RAO for the large intestine?

Back 60

longitudinal plane 1-2" lateral to the midline of the body on the elevated side

Front 61

the degree of body rotation for a PA oblique projection RAO/ LAO of the large intestine is?

Back 61

35-40 degrees

Front 62

what is the central ray angulation for a PA axial projection of the large intestine

Back 62

30-40 degrees caudal

Front 63

which projections taken during a BE will demonstrate the rectosigmoid area?
lateral, PA axial or AP axial

Back 63

ALL of them

Front 64

the majority of AP, PA and oblique radiographs taken during a BE are done on 14x17 - where is the IR centered on a sthenic patient for the majority of these projections?

Back 64

iliac crest

Front 65

how far above the anus is the enima bag placed during a BE?

Back 65

18-24" (hanging on IV pole)

Front 66

when they are lying down for the insertion of the BE tip - this position is called?

Back 66

Simms position

Front 67

preperation of the intestinal tract for exam of the colon includes...
laxatives, dietary restrictions, or cleansing enimas

Back 67

ALL of them

Front 68

high density barium sulfate is used primarilly for what?

Back 68

Air BE or double contrast exam

Front 69

methods of radiographic exams of the colon include...
single contrast, double contrast, entroclysis

Back 69

single contrast and double contrast

Front 70

which of the following exams requires use of time markers on the radiographs?
large intestine, small intestine or stomach?

Back 70

small intestine

Front 71

where is the IR centered for the delayed radiographs of the small intestine?

Back 71

iliac crest

Front 72

where is the IR centered for the radiographs of the small intestine that are taken w/in 30 minutes of drinking the barium

Back 72

2" above the iliac crest

Front 73

the 1st small intestine radiograph is taken how many minutes after the patient drinks the barium?

Back 73

15 minutes

Front 74

the patient prep for a small intestine exam is
food & fluid w/held after evening meal, food & fluid w/held evening meal and no breakfast

Back 74

food & fluid w/held after evening meal and no breakfast

Front 75

what position will demonstrate the rectrogastric portion of the duodenum and jejunum on the AP projection of the stomach?
supine, trendelunberg or standing

Back 75

trendelunberg and supine

Front 76

which projection of the stomach will best demonstrate a diaphrenic herniation?
PA, AP, AP trendelenburg or AP righ lateral decub

Back 76

AP trendelunberg

Front 77

which projection of the stomach demonstrates its anterior and posterior surfaces?

Back 77

lateral

Front 78

which of the following projections best demonstrates the fundus of the stomach?
PA, LPO, LAO or RAO

Back 78

LPO

Front 79

what is the average degree of body rotation for an AP oblique projection of the stomach and duodenum?

Back 79

45 degrees

Front 80

at which level is the IR centered for AP oblique stomach and duodenum?

Back 80

L1-L2

Front 81

for which projection of the stomach would a positioning sponge be used?

Back 81

AP oblique

Front 82

which of the following will demonstrate the duodenal bulb and loop in profile?

Back 82

RAO

Front 83

the degree of body rotation for a PA oblique projection of the stomach will depend on the body habitus - the greatest degree of rotation will be used on which body habitus?

Back 83

hypersthenic

Front 84

the PA projection of the stomach and duodenum is often performed using a 14x17 which of the following describes the plane that is centered to the grid for this projection?

Back 84

midsaggital plane

Front 85

at which level is the IR centered for a PA projection of the stomach and duodenum

Back 85

L1-L2

Front 86

the PA projection of the stomach and duodenum can be performed using 14x17. Which of the following describes the plane that is centred to the grid for this projection

Back 86

saggital plane passing halfway between the midline and lateral border of the abdomen

Front 87

which drug may be given to the patient before a double contrast exam of the stomach to relax the GI tract

Back 87

glucogon

Front 88

which of the following are advantages for using double contrast technique for exam of the stomach?
fewer radiograps, small lesions are not obscured or the mucosa lining of the stomach can be clearly visualized

Back 88

small lesions are not obscured AND the mucosa lining of the stomach can be clearly visualized

Front 89

the routinely used methods of examing the stomach include

Back 89

double contrast (make sure not single)

Front 90

food & fluid should be w/held for how many hours before a stomach exam?

Back 90

8 hours

Front 91

the patient prep for a morning stomach exam is:
food & fluid w/held after evening meal OR food & fluid w/held after midnight?

Back 91

Midnight

Front 92

which of the following planes is centered to the grid for the lateral projection of the esophogus?

Back 92

midcoronal

Front 93

which of the following are advantages of using the recumbant positions for radiographs of the esophogus?
verices (???) are filled better, easier to swallow barium or more complete contrast

Back 93

verices are filled better and more complete contrast especially the proximal part....

Front 94

what is the recommended general body position for the radiographic series of the esophogus

Back 94

recumbent

Front 95

what is the degree of body rotation for PA oblique of the esophogus?

Back 95

35-40 degrees

Front 96

what is the recommended oblique projection and position for the best demonstration of the esophogus?

Back 96

RAO

Front 97

one of the most important technical considerations in GI radiography is

Back 97

elimination of motion

Front 98

which of the following can be used to record the fluoro image?
TV, Cine device, or video recorder?

Back 98

ALL of them

Front 99

the most common contrast medium used for radiographic exams of the GI tract is

Back 99

barium sulfate

Front 100

which of the following contrast mediums are used for exams of the GI tract?
air, barium, or water soluable ionide contrast solution

Back 100

ALL of them

Front 101

how long does it take barium to go through the alimentary canal and reach the rectum for the average patient

Back 101

24 hours

Front 102

the contraction ways by which the digestive tube moves its contents towards the rectum is called?

Back 102

peristosis

Front 103

the opening between the small intestine and the large intestine is called the?

Back 103

ileocecal valve

Front 104

the veriform appendix of the colon is attached to the...

Back 104

cecum

Front 105

the main functions of the large intestine are?
digestion of food, reabsorbtion of fluids, or elimination of waste products

Back 105

reabsorption of fluids AND elimination of waste products

Front 106

what is the length of the large intestine?

Back 106

5 feet

Front 107

the main funtions of the small bowel are?
digestion of food, absorption of food, storage of food

Back 107

digestion and absorption of food

Front 108

the jejunum and ilium are attached to the posterior wall of the abdomen by this.

Back 108

mesintary mesh

Front 109

the most distal portion of the small intestine is the

Back 109

ilium

Front 110

the small intestine is divided into how many distinct portions?

Back 110

3

Front 111

what is the length of the average adult small intestine?

Back 111

22 feet

Front 112

functions of the stomach include:
storage of food, absorption of food products or chemical breakdown of food

Back 112

storage of food AND chemical breakdown of food

Front 113

for which type of body habitus is the stomach nearly vertical?

Back 113

asthenic

Front 114

for which body habitus is the stomach nearly horizontal?

Back 114

hypersthenic

Front 115

muscle controlling the opening between the stomach and the duodenum is?

Back 115

pyloric sphincter

Front 116

which of the following are included as the components of the alimentary canal?
anus, colon, espophogus?

Back 116

ALL of them

Front 117

which of the following are components of the alimentary canal?
mouth and pharynix, stomach and intestine or liver and pancreas

Back 117

mouth and pharynix AND
stomach and intestine

Front 118

how long is the entire alimentary canal?

Back 118

30 feet