Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Population ecology |
The study of how a population (one species) changes over time. |
|
|
List 3 possibilities of population ecology |
1. Growing 2. Stable 3. Declining |
|
|
What determines how big or small a population is? |
Biotic potential: maximum # of offspring in ideal conditions Vs. Limiting factors or environmental resistance: Disease, drought, competition, water, predators, sunlight, food, humans... |
|
|
Exponential growth |
No limiting factors. So it doubles every generation. |
|
|
Logistic growth |
Limiting factors, slow growth |
|
|
Is K capacity constant? |
No, varies as resources vary |
|
|
Community ecology How does one species cause change to another species? |
1. Competition 2. Predation 3. Symbiosis |
|
|
Competition |
Fighting over resources. Usually within the same tropic level. |
|
|
Inter specific |
Competition between different species. Consequently one species goes extinct or both exist at low numbers |
|
|
Intraspecific |
Competition within the same species Ex: elk fighting over mates |
|
|
Predator-prey interactions |
When one organism eats another organism. Between trophies levels Ex: eagle eating a fish. Deer eating a rose bush |
|
|
How do you avoid being eaten? |
1. Armor/protection 2. Camouflage 3. Toxins and warning coloration 4. Group together 5. Be fast |
|
|
Mullerian mimicry |
Toxic organism using similar coloration to other toxic organisms |
|
|
Batesian mimicry |
Non toxic organisms “cheating” by having warning coloration |
|
|
How do predators find food? |
Physical traits: claws, sharp teeth, talons Camofluage, toxins, hunt in groups ... same list as survival |
|
|
Symbiosis |
A direct relationship between two species |
|
|
Commensalism |
1 species benefits without affecting other species Ex: cattle egrets Plants that climb and need structure(tree) to gain sunlight |
|
|
Mutualism |
Both species benefit from interaction Ex: clownfish and anemones |
|
|
Parasitism |
One species gains and other is harmed from interaction Ex: dodder (cuscuta), fleas |
|
|
Resource partitioning |
No two species niches can completely overlap, so species split up how they use a resource |
|
|
Keystone species |
Species with disproportionately large effect on its community Ex: top predators, pollinators, parasites |
|
|
Indicator species |
Species whose populations health is an indicator of overall health of their ecosystem Ex: spotted owl & old growth redwood forest |
|
|
Invasive species |
Species not native to a particular area and can wipe out native pants with no defenses or by resource competition |
|
|
Species richness |
# of species present |
|
|
Species distribution |
How species are spread in an ecosystem |
|
|
Species abundance |
How many individuals of each species present |
|
|
Community stability |
How well community can resist change |
|
|
Community resilience |
How well community can recover from disturbances |
|
|
Community complexity |
# of trophies levels and diversity of organisms in each trophies level |
