Popular Culture Multiple Choice Review

Front 1

Mass Culture:

Back 1

Dependent on technology, mass production, mass transmission, mass consumption, but often originates from a small community.

Front 2

Folk Culture:

Back 2

Small scale. Produced within a specific group or for a specific community for a long period of time.

Front 3

Mass vs. Folk:

Back 3

Often when something grows from folk to mass, it can feel and may lose authenticity.

Front 4

Social Constructivism:

Back 4

A way of expanding production of meaning, identity, and value. Also, believed that identity is not inherent within an individual, group or thing, but is instead largely a creation of cultural, political and historical forces.

Front 5

Essentialism:

Back 5

The belief that categories or individuals and groups of human beings, have innate, defining features exclusive to their categories.

Front 6

Opposites = Essentialism on one hand, Social Constructivism on the other. Difference:

Back 6

E = Identity as a fundamental core of meaning transcends culture and politics.

S.C = Emphasize cultural and political circumstances in which identities are produced.

Front 7

High Culture:

Back 7

Culture such as music, films, literature, performance, etc that is seen as something meant for the high class of people with more money to spend at these events and the education to enjoy/understand the works.

Front 8

Low Culture:

Back 8

Culture such as music, film, literature, performance, etc that is seen as something for the middle class and working class since it relates towards their lifestyle and experiences.

Front 9

Blurred Line between High vs. Low Culture:

Back 9

Some low cultures grow to be seen as high culture (Jazz began as a low culture but today is seen as a part of high culture)

Front 10

Cultural Industry Thesis Definition:

Back 10

Describes a new condition of cultural production in the 20th-century.

Front 11

Cultural Industry Thesis Thinkers:

Back 11

Frankfort School from early 1940's Nazi time

Adorno & Horkheimer: Believed Culture Thesis to be approach designed to make sense of popular culture and ideology behind production.

Adorno: Critic of culture, saw it as means to make MORE money. Concerned with what the individual was given to consume, hegemony, people being passive subjects.

Front 12

Production:

Back 12

1. Means: Productive forces used by people to reproduce themselves and society.

2. Relation: Who determines, controls or decides distribution and what's produced?

3. Mode: MEANS + RELATIONS = MODE, Process of production being seen as assemblages of meaningful practices that construct a way for people to conduct themselves.

Front 13

Culture Industry as PLURAL:

Back 13

Today, culture is mostly produced and distributed in an industrial fashion and on a mass scale. Industries including the music and film industries, advertising, television, and professional sports, among others.

Front 14

Culture Industry as SINGULAR:

Back 14

The concept of culture industry draws attention to overall social consequences of such a cultural commodity system.

Front 15

Habitus Definition:

Back 15

Describes the way in which particular social environments are internalized by individuals in the form of dispositions towards particular bodily orientations and behaviours.

Front 16

Habitus Thinkers:

Back 16

Bourdieu is a thinker who shed light on the way physical comportment expresses social difference by expanding on this concept. He suggests it plays a determining role in the development of bodies by influencing such factors as social location and tastes (physical aspects).

Front 17

Biopolitics & BioPower Definition:

Back 17

A term used for dominant mechanism through which contemporary states exert social and political control. Also, describes multiple operations through which governments since the 18th-century have exerted control through scientific management of life, governing population through attention to demographics and biological attributes.

Front 18

Biopolitics & BioPower Thinker:

Back 18

The thinker who describes this concept is Foucault, who believed it was the move towards personal responsibility for healthcare occurring in the context of a regular framework.

Front 19

Commodity Fetishism Definition:

Back 19

Described as an almost magical value attributed to objects in a capitalist economy - value derived not from how they are used or the labour to produce them, but from price they command on the market.

Front 20

Commodity Fetishism Thinker:

Back 20

A term employed by Marx.

Front 21

Ageism Definition:

Back 21

Prejudice/discrimination on basis of a person's age, athletes rarely control their narrative and as biophysical objects; how much agency do elite athletes have?

Front 22

Issues for Aging Athletes:

Back 22

Chronological aging and other numbers emerged as prominent techniques in making, threatening, protection of careers.

Front 23

Sponsorship Definition:

Back 23

Financial support received by a sponsor.

Front 24

Race Definition:

Back 24

Constructed category widely used to distinguish among various groups of human beings based on inherited biological or physical characteristics ie. skin colour, facial features.

Front 25

Representation Definition:

Back 25

Social production of meaning through sign system involves making meaning by creating links between concepts and linguistics **Constructs the world in particular ways that has a significant bearing on organizations of society.

Front 26

Imagined Community Definition with Thinker:

Back 26

Community is a collective process rooted in collective action. Anderson uses a Marxist historical materialist perspective and believed that nations are socially constructed of identity that leads to the belief that Nations are imagined communities.

Front 27

Nationalism Definition:

Back 27

Loyalty and devotion to a nation. Sometimes can lead to a blind arrogance since the person can be proud of their country no matter what actions they take.

Front 28

MultiCulturalism Definition:

Back 28

The presence of, or support for the presence of several distinct cultural or ethnic groups within a society.

Front 29

Ideology of Multiculturalism, Canadian MC Act 1988:

Back 29

Recognize and Promote:

- Cultural freedom and racial diversity of Canadian Society

- MC is a fundamental characteristic of Canadian heritage

- Ensures equal treatment and protection under law, valuing diversity

Front 30

Colonialism Definition:

Back 30

The policy/practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers and exploring it economically.

Front 31

Post-Colonialism Definition:

Back 31

Represents the world since the end of the Colonialism era. The political or cultural condition of a former colony.

Front 32

Post-Colonialism Identity:

Back 32

Identity of this is the act of being or becoming decolonized, resistance to narrative or norms of the colonizers, and it is a form of both political and cultural resistance.

Front 33

Subculture Definition:

Back 33

Describes a group of communities that deviate/differ from existing social norms. They are conceived of as groups of individuals who come together around shared practices and ideas that's rejected by the mainstream culture.

Ie. Hardcore Punk,

Front 34

Counter-Culture Definition:

Back 34

Alternative politics, describes all groups that challenge/contradict the 'common sense' of everyday life with the aim of creating a better society.

Ie. Feminists, Black Lives Matter Movement, LGBTQ+, etc.

Front 35

Difference between Sub and Counter Culture:

Back 35

Subcultures focus on groups that share in similarities that are not popular in the mainstream as a place for them to belong. While counter culture is often a political movement looking to change societies perception of a specific issue.

Front 36

DIY (Do It Yourself) Definition:

Back 36

The method of building, modifying or repairing things without direct aid of an expert or professional.

Front 37

Bricolage Definition:

Back 37

Something constructed or created from a diverse range of available materials/things.

Front 38

Social Movements Definition:

Back 38

Type of group action who carry out, resist, or undo a social change.

Front 39

OLD Social Movement:

Back 39

Includes revolutionary marxism and anarchism from the 19th and early 20th century, includes the labour movement and were rooted in material concerns.

Front 40

NEW Social Movement:

Back 40

Post-materialism, critical of consumerism and rooted in a sort of radical individualism. Developed in 1960's Europe and North America.

Front 41

Situationist Definition:

Back 41

Political and rooted in reformulation/re-reading of Marx, however, claimed to be 'anti-ideology'; term is derived from an idea of creating 'situations/movements' of radical action. International organization of social revolutionaries made up of avant-garde artists, intellectuals and political theorists in Europe.

Front 42

Types of Spectacles:

Back 42

1. Integrated.

2. Concentrated: Rooted in idea that community and the bureaucracy is dependent upon the totality of social labour.

3. Diffused: That commodities are everywhere and the relationship between production and consumption breaks down.

Front 43

Culture Jamming Definition:

Back 43

The act of using existing media such as billboards, ads, posters, etc to comment on those very medias themselves or on society in general.

Front 44

Globalization Definition:

Back 44

Complex shift in a relationship between the world's many cultures fuelled by complex economic, political, technological and social factors. Systematic difference in wealth.

Front 45

Globalization Theories:

Back 45

- Skeptics: believed levels of economic interdependence are not unprecedented, not truly globalized and regionalization is showing less integration.

- Transformationalists: Believed global order being transformed with old patterns remaining, government has the most power, yet is changing.

- Hyperglobalizers: Believed it is very real with consequences everywhere, government no longer controlling the economy.

Front 46

Factors contributing to Globalization:

Back 46

- Political Changes: Collapse of Soviet-union, INGO, IGO

- Information Flow: Satellites

- Economic Changes: Transnational Corporations

Front 47

Effects of Globalization:

Back 47

- Popular Culture: Cultural imperialism or differentials?

- Individualism: Old traditions matter less, new identities emerging

- Work Patterns

Front 48

Risks of Globalization:

Back 48

- Manufactured Risks: dangers created by the impact of human knowledge and technology on the natural world

- External Risk: Dangers that spring from the natural world and are unrelated to the actions of humans

Front 49

McDonaldization Definition:

Back 49

Reconceptualization of rationalization and scientific movement. When a society manifests and adopts the characteristic of fast-food restaurants.

Front 50

McDonaldization Thinker:

Back 50

A term created by sociologist George Ritzer, created in his novel 'The McDonaldization of Society' from 1933.

Front 51

Digital Natives Definition:

Back 51

A person born or brought up during the age of digital technology and therefore familiar with computers and the internet from an early age.