Pons Block 2

Front 1

The pons are derived from the

Back 1

rhombencephalon and later metencephalon

Front 2

pontine nuclei are _______derived, but migrate ventrally

Back 2

alar plate

Front 3

Motor nuclei of the pontine tegmentum are derived from?

Back 3

basal plate

Front 4

Pontinine tegmentum contains

Back 4

1. Rostral Continuation of hte reticular formation
2. CN nuclei
3. Ascending tracts

Front 5

Basilar Pons contain

Back 5

1. Corticospinal and Corticobulbar Tracts
2. Pontine Nuclei
3. Middle Cerebellar Peduncle

Front 6

Pontomedullary Junction contains nuclei for which CNs?

Back 6

CN 6, 7, 8

Front 7

Nuclei of CN VIII at the PMJ include the dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei that recieve acons from the

Back 7

cochlear spiral gangion

Front 8

axons from teh spiral ganglia of the cochlea carry auditory information to the

Back 8

brainstem

Front 9

Brainstem neurons contacted by auditory axons are located in

Back 9

Dorsal Cochlear Nucleus
Ventral Cochlear Nucleus

Front 10

Axons from the dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei mostly cross the midline in the

Back 10

trapezoid body

Front 11

What is the origin of the efferent cochlear bundle?

Back 11

Superior Olivary Nucleus

Front 12

the primary auditory cortex is in the

Back 12

transverse gyri of Heschel

Front 13

what is responsible for sound dampening via CN VII

Back 13

superior olivary nucleus

Front 14

what tract carries sound?

Back 14

lateral lemniscus

Front 15

lateral lemniscus ascends bilaterally with a ______ predominance

Back 15

contralateral predominance

Front 16

would a monoaural hearing loss occur with a brainstem lesion beyond the cochlear nuclei ?

Back 16

NO

Front 17

Vestibular component of CN VIII includes 4 nuclei, what are they?

Back 17

Medial
Lateral
Superior
Inferior Nuclei

Front 18

The vestibular nuclei receive input from the

Back 18

vestibular apparatus

Front 19

vestibular nuclei sends projects to?

Back 19

1. Cerebellum
2. Occuluomotor nuclei
3. Thalamus
4. Spinal Cord

Front 20

vestibular nuclei sends projects to what part of the cerebellum

Back 20

Flocculonodular lobe and deep cerebellar nuclei
(via juxtarestiform body) for balance corrdination

Front 21

vestibular nuclei sends what type of information to the thalamus

Back 21

conscious perception of equilibrium and orientaion

Front 22

vestibular nuclei sends projects to the spinal cord via what tracts

Back 22

medial and lateral vestibulospinal tracts

Front 23

medial vestibulospinal tracts carry what information

Back 23

inhibitory to neck and upper trunk muscles

Front 24

lateral vestibulospinal tract relays what type of information?

Back 24

excitatory to extensory spinal alpha motoneurons

Front 25

The caudal Pons contains nuclei for CNs at the pontomedullary junction

Back 25

VI and VII

Front 26

Facial Motor Nucelus innervates

Back 26

Muscles of facial expression
stylohyoid
posterior belly of digastric
stapedius (sound dampening)

Front 27

what is the internal genu of facial nerve?

Back 27

Motor portion of CN 7 loop around the nucleus of CN 6 and then exits ipsilaterally

Front 28

Facial Colliculus

Back 28

the bump on the floor of the 4th ventricle showing the presence of the abducens nucleus and the axons of the 7th nerve surrounding it

Front 29

CN 7 SVA fibers supply

Back 29

Taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue and hard and soft palates via geniculate ganglion

Front 30

Abducens Nerve exits in the

Back 30

inferior pontine sulcus

Front 31

CN6 innervates

Back 31

ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle of the eye

Front 32

what nucleus lies under the facial colleculus?

Back 32

CN 6

Front 33

Neurons located in abducens nucleus lie beneath the

Back 33

axons of the facial nerve in the facial colliculus

Front 34

one of the most frequently injured CNs

Back 34

Abducens

Front 35

Abducens nerves has complex central connections with ______ nuclei

Back 35

oculomotor nuclei

Front 36

Pontine reticular formation in the

Back 36

pontine tegmentum

Front 37

This tract between CN III and VI that carries information to coordinate eye movement is

Back 37

the medial longitudinal fasciculus

Front 38

The corticospinal and corticonuclear (bulbar) tracts run through the

Back 38

substance of the basilar pons

Front 39

Inferior cerebellar peduncle includes

Back 39

vestibulocerebellar projections

Front 40

The Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle includes vestibulocerebellar projections called the

Back 40

juxtarestiform body

Front 41

Blood supply to the pontomedullary junction and caudal pons is from

Back 41

vertebral arteries
Basilar artery
PICA
AICA

Front 42

what branches of the basilar supply ventral and medial caudal pons?

Back 42

vertebral and medial branches

Front 43

Corticonuclear innervation is

Back 43

bilateral with a controlateral predominance

Front 44

Sensations carried (trigeminal ganglia) include both ____ and ____ sensations

Back 44

epicritic and protopathic sensation

Front 45

what are the 3 brainstem nuclei that receive information from the trigeminal ganglion

Back 45

1. Spinal Nucleus of 5
2. The principal Sensory Nucleus
3. Mesencephalic neucleus

Front 46

spinal nucleus of 5 extends from

Back 46

CN5 entry to C2-C3

Front 47

spinal nucleus carries mostly ____ sensation

Back 47

protopathic sensation

Front 48

what are the 3 divisions of the spinal nucleus?

Back 48

1. Pars Oralis
2. Pars Interpolaris
3. Pars Caudalis

Front 49

Pars Interpolaris carries

Back 49

touch and some pain and temperature to the teeth

Front 50

Pars Caudalis

Back 50

pain and temperature to the face

Front 51

The principle sensory nucleus is located at the level of

Back 51

trigeminal nerve entry

Front 52

The principle sensory nucleus receives what type of sensation? and from where?

Back 52

epicritic sensation from the face

Front 53

Mesencephalic nucleus extends from ____ to ____

Back 53

Rostally from the level of CN5 entry up to the caudal midbrain

Front 54

Mesencephalic nucleus receives

Back 54

proprioception information from the muscles of mastication and the reflex control of bite pressure

Front 55

all three brainstem nuclei of CN 5 send central projections to the

Back 55

thalamus

Front 56

the ventral trigeminal tract is formed from what nucleus?

Back 56

spinal trigeminal nucleus (lower brainstem) and the principal sensory nucleus (contributes at higher levels)

Front 57

the ventral trigeminal tract is ipsilateral or controlateral?

Back 57

controlateral

Front 58

the dorsal trigeminal tract is formed from what nucleus?

Back 58

the principal sensroy nucleus and appears related primarily to the mandibular division

Front 59

Is the dorsal trigeminal tract ipsilateral or controlateral?

Back 59

Bilateral but largerly ipsilateral

Front 60

which major tract in the mid pons is located in ventral (basilar)pons?

Back 60

Corticospinal and Corticonuclear tracts

Front 61

which major tract in the mid pons is located in at the top of the pontine nuclei and has twisted to a medal to lateral orientation (legs lateral)?

Back 61

Medial Lemniscus

Front 62

which major tract in the mid pons is located near the lateral edge of hte tegmentum near the lateral edge f hte medial lemniscus?

Back 62

Anterolateral Tracts

Front 63

which major tract in the mid pons is located just dorsal to the medial lemniscus?

Back 63

Ventral and Dorsal Trigeminothalamic Tracts

Front 64

which major tract in the mid pons is located at the lateral edge near the anterolateral system?

Back 64

the lateral lemniscus

Front 65

what forms the lateral border of the tegmentun at the mid pons level?

Back 65

middle cerebellar peduncle

Front 66

what forms the roof of the 4th ventricle at the level of the mid pons?

Back 66

superior cerebellar peduncles and superior medullary velum

Front 67

the rostral pons near the midbrain is hte narrowest portion of the brainstem is called the

Back 67

isthmus

Front 68

the upper pons is supplied by

Back 68

branches of the basilar arteries and at upper levels the superior cerebellar arteries

Front 69

what branch supplies the medial pontine tegmentum?

Back 69

Paramedian Branch

Front 70

what branch supplies the lateral pontine tegmentum

Back 70

short circumferential branches

Front 71

what branch supplies the upper and dorsolateral pons

Back 71

long circumferetial branch

Front 72

The tract between CNs 3 and 6 that carries information to coordinate eye movement is

Back 72

the medial longitudinal fasciculus

Front 73

Neurons located in the pons connect to ____ via the ____

Back 73

cerebellum via middle cerebellar peduncle