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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Bernard Berrelson and Paul Lazarsfeld
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Austrian political scientists who wanted to prove that American voters had no idea about the candidates before the campaigning started. their findings proved they were wrong
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Miskin Model
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people have feelings about candidates before they are even exposed to them; these predispositions are mostly a result of upbringing
MOST IMPORTANT Party identification Candidate Identification Issue Identification |
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Morris Fiorina- Retrospective voting in America
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party identification is a result of information people take in about particular candidates and issues and not solely due to early life influences. He argued the importance of candidate and issues over party identification
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Anthony Downs
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parties array themselves with respect to issues along a continuum; when a system is dominated by two parties, they tend to be near each other on the continuum in an effort not to alienate voters; if its a multiparty system, the parties tend to differentiate in order to find their own niche of voters
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Samuel Popkin
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The Reasoning Voter- Low information rationality
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Phillip Converse
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compared a panel of voters in 192, 43, 56 and 72 and found that public opinion was extremely inconsistent across issues over time.
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Burdett Loomis
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interest groups- have a lot of money- high cost and low chance of reward but the reward is high
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David Brady-Critical elections
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1860s-Abraham Lincoln-barely won; slavery was the biggest issue; dems- pro, reps- against
1890s- would America go industrial or stay agricultural; Republicans were for industry, dems were for agriculture- republicans won- won white house till woodrow wilson NEw DEal election- dems voted from north and south -when salience is high and when party sides are high, then it is a critical election, example; slavery |
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Mendand- The unpolitical animal
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three theories
1. americans vote arbitrarily and have no knowledge of any actual political arguments 2. people might not know everything, but vote based on some information or "light opinion" 3. electore is pretty well informed, not as much as political elites, |
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Hollihan-Uncivil Wars
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-decline of influence of political parties
-influence of interest groups -influence of political consultants |
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positional issues
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at least two opinions, ex. abortion
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valence issues
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important to get on the right side of the issue, i.e. crime
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Converse- The Nature of Belief Systems of Mass Publics
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Idealogues - <5.5% -politically informed that know the government in depth
10.5% -near idealogues 42% group interest- 20% nature of the times- based on if the voter is doing well, he accredits the pres. rest- uniformed and vote arbitrarily |