Poly Sci 6

Front 1

The right to form interest groups and to lobby the government is protected by the ____ Amendment right of the people “to petition the government for a redress of grievances.”
a. 1st
b. 3rd
c. 5th
d. 7th
e. 9th

Back 1

A

Front 2

2. In 1835, ____ observed that Americans have a tendency to form “associations,” and have perfected “the art of pursuing in common the object of their common desires.”
a. James Madison
b. Alexis de Tocqueville
c. Thomas Jefferson
d. John Locke
e. Walt Whitman

Back 2

B

Front 3

3. Surveys show that about ____percent of Americans belong to religious groups.
a.14
b. 27
c. 44
d. 61
e. 76

Back 3

D

Front 4

4. Which of the following types of groups has the highest percentage of American memberships?
a. Social clubs
b. Professional and trade associations
c. PTA and school groups
d. Health, sport, and country clubs
e. Religious groups

Back 4

E

Front 5

5. There are various reasons why people join interest groups. Some people find that they gain considerable satisfaction from taking action. Such satisfaction is referred to as a ____ incentive.
a. free-rider
b. purposive
c. pluralist
d. solidary
e. material

Back 5

B

Front 6

6. Some people enjoy the camaraderie and sense of belonging that comes from associating with other people who share their interests and goals. That enjoyment can be called a ____ incentive for joining an interest group.
a. free rider
b. purposive
c. pluralist
d. solidary
e. material

Back 6

D

Front 7

7. Which of the following is not a public good?
a. national defense
b. a good sandwich
c.clean water
d. National parks
e. clean air

Back 7

B

Front 8

8. Individuals who enjoy the outcome of an interest group’s efforts without having to contribute are called
a. social loafers.
b. Lobbyists.
c. social climbers.
d. entrepreneurs.
e. free riders.

Back 8

E

Front 9

9. When government classifies interest groups as nonprofit organizations, it is helping to address the ____ problem.
a.entrepreneurial theory
b.free rider
c.solidary incentive
d.lobbying
e.pluralist theory

Back 9

B

Front 10

10. Interest groups
a.are policy generalists.
b.help bridge the gap between citizens and government.
c.seek to win elections.
d.seek to operate the government.
e.compete for public office.

Back 10

B

Front 11

11. By filing a(n) ____ , an interest group may indirectly challenge a law in court.
a.amicus curiae brief
b.ex post facto motion
c.writ of habeas corpus
d.writ of certiorari
e.lawsuit

Back 11

A

Front 12

12. The ____ theory of American democracy focuses on the participation of groups in a decentralized government structure that offers many points of access to policymakers.
a.entrepreneurial
b.free rider
c.disturbance
d.pluralist
e.material incentive

Back 12

D

Front 13

13. According to the pluralist theory of American democracy, politics is a contest among various
a.countries.
b.states.
c.interest groups.
d.government agencies.
e.political parties.

Back 13

C

Front 14

14. Interest groups do not
a.help raise public awareness and inspire action on various issues.
b.help bridge the gap between citizens and government.
c.enable citizens to explain their views on policies to public officials.
d.serve as another check on public officials to make sure they are carrying out their duties responsibly.
e.compete for public office.

Back 14

E

Front 15

15. Interest groups
a.are usually policy generalists.
b.are often policy specialists.
c.are usually more loosely organized than political parties.
d.run candidates for political office; their main sphere of influence is the electoral system.
e.are not allowed to have dues-paying members.

Back 15

B

Front 16

16. The American Civil Liberties Union is considered a(n) ____ group.
a.public-interest
b.labor interest
c.professional interest
d.identity interest
e.single-issue interest

Back 16

A

Front 17

17. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce is a(n)
a.public-interest group.
b.consumer interest group.
c.labor interest group.
d.umbrella organization that has become a major voice for millions of small businesses.
e.umbrella organization that represents farm families and producers of various specific farm commodities.

Back 17

D

Front 18

18. Trade organizations
a.usually support policies that benefit specific industries.
b.are formed with the goal of working for the “public good.”
c.represent all of the people who are working or actively looking for jobs.
d.are concerned mainly with the standards of their professions, but they also work to influence government policy.
e.are formed for the protection of consumer rights.

Back 18

A

Front 19

19. The National Education Association is an example of a(n) ____group.
a.public-interest
b.business interest
c.ideological interest
d.single-issue interest
e.labor interest

Back 19

E

Front 20

20. The Major League Baseball Players Association is an example of a(n)
a.trade organization.
b.identity interest group.
c.labor interest group.
d.business interest group.
e.consumer interest group.

Back 20

C

Front 21

21. Today, members of organized labor make up about ____ percent of the labor force.
a.6
b.12
c.20
d.30
e.43

Back 21

B

Front 22

22. Which of the following statements is accurate?
a.The proportion of the nation’s workforce employed in such blue-collar activities as manufacturing and transportation continues to rise.
b.The existence of right-to-work laws depresses unionization rates in many states.
c.Public employee unions have declined in both numbers and political clout in recent years.
d.Forming and maintaining unions is easier in the United States than in most other industrial nations.
e.Right-to-work laws eliminate the free rider problem for unions.

Back 22

B

Front 23

23. The ____ is a professional interest group.
a.National Farmers Union
b.Club for Growth
c.National Rifle Association
d.American Association for Justice
e.National Urban League

Back 23

D

Front 24

24. The American Association for Justice represents the interests of
a.trial lawyers.
b.children.
c.environmentalists.
d.persons of color.
e.senior citizens.

Back 24

A

Front 25

25. Founded in 1919, the ____ achieved one of its greatest early successes when it helped to obtain government guarantees of “fair” prices during the Great Depression of the 1930s.
a.American Farm Bureau Federation
b.National Grange
c.Consumers Union
d.National Farmers Union
e.Sierra Club

Back 25

A

Front 26

26. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People is an example of a(n) ____ interest group.
a.professional
b.identity
c.ideological
d.single-issue
e.government

Back 26

B

Front 27

27. AARP is an example of a(n) ____ interest group.
a.professional
b.identity
c.ideological
d.single-issue
e.consumer

Back 27

B

Front 28

28. MoveOn and the Club for Growth are ____ interest groups.
a.business
b.identity
c.ideological
d.single-issue
e.consumer

Back 28

C

Front 29

29. Which of the following is an example of a single-issue interest group?
a.The Club for Growth
b.MoveOn
c.The American Bar Association
d.Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD)
e.The Tea Party

Back 29

D

Front 30

30. Lobbying refers to
a.shaping public opinion through online campaigns.
b.indirect techniques used by interest groups to influence government officials.
c.all of the attempts by organizations or by individuals to influence the passage, defeat, or contents of legislation or to influence the administrative decisions of government.
d.the process by which 501(c)4 organizations contribute money to political campaigns.
e.peaceful demonstration techniques designed to make a statement about a group’s interests.

Back 30

C

Front 31

31. ____ is a direct lobbying technique used by interest groups to influence public policy.
a.The use of rating systems
b.Filing amicus curiae briefs
c.Staging demonstrations
d.Making personal contacts with key legislators
e.Astroturf lobbying

Back 31

D

Front 32

32. Federal laws governing campaign financing have allowed corporations, labor unions, and special interest groups to raise funds and make campaign contributions through ____ committees.
a.political action
b.public advantage
c.policy action
d.public access
e.democracy-in-action

Back 32

A

Front 33

33. ____ is an indirect technique used by interest groups to influence public policy.
a.Making personal contacts with key legislators
b.Offering “expert” testimony before congressional committees
c.Following up on legislation
d.Providing legal advice to legislators
e.Shaping public opinion

Back 33

E

Front 34

34. ____ is an indirect technique used by interest groups to influence public policy.
a.Making personal contacts with key legislators
b.Providing legal advice to legislators
c.Following up on legislation
d.Providing election support
e.Using rating systems

Back 34

E

Front 35

35. The Supreme Court has made it clear that the First Amendment’s guarantee of free speech
a.does not include protection for interest groups to set forth their positions on issues.
b.protects interest groups’ rights to set forth their positions on issues only when the messages are coordinated with a candidate’s campaign or a political party.
c.protects issue advocacy as long as that advocacy is coordinated with a candidate’s campaign or a political party.
d.protects interest groups’ rights to set forth their positions on issues when they fund such activities through independent expenditures that are not coordinated with a candidate’s campaign or a political party.
e.does not include protection for issue ads.

Back 35

D

Front 36

36. It has become increasingly common for those who leave positions with the federal government to become lobbyists or consultants for the private-interest groups they helped to regulate. This is called
a.the “heroes to zeroes” complex.
b.the “free rider” problem.
c.“soft money” speaks.
d.the “revolving door” syndrome.
e.“addicted” to lobbying.

Back 36

D

Front 37

Under the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995,
A. Lobbyists must report their clients, the issues on which they lobbied, and the agency or chamber of Congress they contacted.
b.bundled campaign contributions in presidential elections are prohibited.
c.only persons who testify before congressional committees are required to register as lobbyists.
d.tax-exempt organizations are required to file quarterly reports listing the number of times they have spoken to members of Congress.
e.members of Congress are prohibited from giving gifts to lobbyists.

Back 37

A