Poly Sci

Front 1

Rio Agreements

Back 1

1992, UN conference held in Rio about sustainable development and energy problems. Over 172 governments involved.

Front 2

Stockholm Conference

Back 2

1972, 1st actual conference with environmental problems as international problems ('Global Commons")

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Kyoto Protocol

Back 3

1997, difference in responsibility between northern and southern states for sustainability.

Front 4

Brundtland Commission

Back 4

1987, sustainable development. South can't develop at same rate as North b/c pollution is worse now.

Front 5

Montreal Protocol

Back 5

1987, attempting to reduce chemicals that deplete the O-Zone layer. Was successful

Front 6

Tragedy of the Commons and the Global Commons

Back 6

By Garrett Hardin. Natural resources will be exploited/depleted quickly. ex) a river would be an example of a "common". Hardins solution: nationalize or privatize "the commons" => creates paradox for global commons. Hard to regulate global commons ex) who has control of the oceans?

Front 7

Environmental concerns before the era and after the era of globilization

Back 7

Before: conservation, reduction and pollution. Now it's about sustainable development.

Front 8

Terrorism

Back 8

who: states, people, weak, minority, NGO's
what: educated, sometimes wealthy
why: always political. spread fear for political power.
Terrorists have extreme ideological views, rarely successful. Don't want to kill a lot of people

Front 9

Reasons for Islamic revivalism

Back 9

ideological ethnic exclusion and religious exclusion

Front 10

Only state trending towards increase in nuclear proliferation. Everyone else is towards a decrease in nuclear proliferation.

Back 10

South Asia

Front 11

2 thesis on nuclear proliferation

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Walts: realists, proliferation of nuclear weapons, detterance. No one will use if everyone has them.

Sagans: against proliferation of nuclear weapons. Militaries ego that drives military. Weak/new governments will act irrationally and use nuclear weapons.

Front 12

Universal religions

Back 12

christianity, Islam (will try to recruit people to join)

Front 13

exclusionary religion

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Judaism (have to be part of group to join)

Front 14

Huntington's hypothesis in "clash of civilizations"

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conflicts will occur between civilizations due to culture problems.

Front 15

The Muslim Brotherhood

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founded in Egypt by Hassan al-Bama. World's oldest Islamist groups. Largest opposition to many Arab states.

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State that is not party to any regional organizations

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Mongolia

Front 17

Reasons for the European Coal and Steel Community(now the european union)

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to reduce chance of conflict between Germany and France.

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Political reasons for regionalism in Eurasia and post-Soviet states

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US military in Afghanistan and conflict and tension between Russia and China

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Orthodox (main stream)

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not enough food. Development uses cash based exchanges, moving in linear path. Traditional to modern society. Use land to produce goods. Poverty is unfilled material needs, measured by GDP.

Front 20

Critical Alternative

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Enough food to feed everyone, however theirs a distribution entitlement problem ex) class, status. Developement focuses on local driven economy. Diverse path as opposed to linear path. Use traditional to modern with certain exceptions. Poverty is measured by GDP along with other aspects ex) health, education

Front 21

Sen's FEE approach

Back 21

fits into the critical alternative approach

Front 22

UN General Assembly principles concerning humanitarian intervention

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2005 UNGA responsibility to protect. Ask students

Front 23

5 nuclear weapons states

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Russia, China, US, UK, France

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The counter revolution and contributing factors to revivalist Islam

Back 24

Ask students

Front 25

The other

Back 25

refers to state centered economy ex)USSR. All civilizations besides Western civilizations considered "the other" after the Cold War.

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Poverty

Back 26

Women and children that live in Southern Hemisphere. Increase in disparity between world's wealthiest and poorest states.

Front 27

"The International Bill of Human Rights"

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2 documents: 1) Universal Declaration of Human Rights 2) Int'l Human Rights Covenants. Also has aspects of UN Charter.

Front 28

Increase in conflict:
Decrease in conflict:

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increase during Cold War.
decrease before and after Cold War.

Front 29

Economic Security

Back 29

an assured basic income for individuals

Front 30

Food Security

Back 30

ensuring that all people at all times have both physical and economic access to basic food.

Front 31

Health Security

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guaranteeing a minimum protection from diseases and unhealthy lifestyles.

Front 32

Environmental security

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protecting people from the short and long-term ravages of nature, man-made threats in nature, and deterioration of the natural environment.

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Personal security

Back 33

protecting people from physical violence

Front 34

Community Security

Back 34

protecting people from the loss of traditional relationships and values, and from sectarian and ethnic violence.

Front 35

Political security

Back 35

ensuring that people live in a society that honors their basic human rights and freedom for people