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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Moralistic Political Culture
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Goal is to create common good
-Public service -Run for office to create change |
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Traditionalistic Political Culture
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Conserving power relationships
-Who you know -How you relate to elites --Who you need to talk to to get something done |
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Individualistic Political Culture
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-Personal advancement
-Get involved in politics to advance yourself |
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Divided Government
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When two of the three legs of the legislative process (the governor, the house, and the senate) are controlled by different parties.
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Jurisdiction
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Geographical or topical area over which a court, institution, or official has power and authority.
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Public Good (s)
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Policies or actions providing broad benefits, rather than narrow benefits t a specific group.
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Public Policy
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Comparative Method
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An approach to political analysis that entails comparing units of analysis (such as states or communities) on more than one characteristic to help understand the relationships among those characteristics.
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Unitary System
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A system of governance with a strong central government that controls virtually all aspects of its constitutive sub-national governments.
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Confederal System
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Also known as a confederacy, a system of governance whereby the national government is subject to the control of subnational, autonomous governments.
Bottom up |
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Federal System
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Federalism - the structural relationship between a national government and its constitutive states.
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Enumerated Powers
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Powers specifically delegated to the Congress by the US Constitution.
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Reserved Powers
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10th amendment. If not granted to the feds, it is the states.
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Necessary & Proper Clause
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"Elastic Clause"
-Centralization of power by congress overtime -Give National Legislative body authority to make all laws that shall be "necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers" |
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Supremacy Clause
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States cannot use reserve plans to thwart the nat. gov
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Full Faith and Credit Clause
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Horizontal relationships between states
Ex- Drivers license in Colorado is good in Kansas |
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Extradition
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The Extradition of Fugitives Clause in the Constitution requires States, upon demand of another State, to deliver a fugitive from justice who has committed a "treason, felony or other crime" to the State from which the fugitive has fled.
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Federalism
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The relationship between the National gov and State gov.
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Federalist
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Federalism - the structural relationship between a national government and its constitutive states.
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Anti-Federalist
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Anti-federalists wanted states to have power so it didn't turn into a monarchy
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Grants-in-aid
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Federal grants given to states for specific programs
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Block Grants
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Federal grants given to states for tasks
Ex. Take care of all roads |
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Unfunded Mandates
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A public policy that requires a subnational government to pay for an activity or project established by the federal government.
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Devolution
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The decentralization of power and authority from a central government to state or local governments
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Layer Cake Federalism
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Before the New Deal - little connection (frosting)
Dual Federalism |
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Picket Fence Federalism
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Cooperative federalism - connected
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Representation
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-Delegate Model
-Trustee Model |
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Majority-Minority Districts
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Legislative districts where district lines are drawn so that people from a specific minority group compromise a majority of voters in the district.
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Multiple Member Districts
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MMD - Where two or more candidates are elected to represent each district.
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Australian Ballot
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A secret ballot prepared and counted by the government.
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Office Block Ballot
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Groups together all candidates running for a single political office by the political office rather than by their party.
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Party Line Ballot
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Groups together all candidates running for different political offices by their party affiliation, making straight-ticket voting possible.
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Butterfly Ballot
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Confusing ballot where a third party got an unusual number of votes
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Party Identification
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Also known as PID, it is the strength of an individual's attachment to a political party.
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Socio-Economic Status
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Social standing
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Redistricting
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The redrawing of political districts, as required after each census to keep them equal in population
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Activism
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Civic Skills
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Tools individuals can have to help them be involved in politics - Ex: income, socioeconomic status.
Civic skills can be gained through education - fundraising, connections, etc. |
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Primary Election
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An election to decide which candidates will be able to be listed on the general election (November) ballot.
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General Election
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November
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Voting Age Population
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All U.S. residents age 18 and over.
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Voting Eligible Population
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All U.S. citizens age 18 and over who are not excluded from voter eligibility due to criminal status (felony convictions, incarceration, or parole) or due to being declared incompetent to vote.
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Referendum
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A public vote on a statue or a constitutional amendment that has already been considered by a state legislature or local government.
Veto a law Legislative Referendum (every state)- Elected officials have control over the question that voters will consider, although legislators are often bound to place certain items on state ballots. Popular Referendum (certain states) - Allows people to file a petition to have a public vote on a bill that the legislature has already approved. |
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Initiative
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Brand New Laws
Direct initiative - people can file a proposed bill with a state office and then collect signatures to qualify the measure for a spot on the state ballot. If voters approve the measure it becomes law. Indirect initiative - Petition to have legislature consider a bill proposed by citizens. If it is rejected by the legislature, it must be placed on the ballot to give voters a chance to approve or reject the proposal. |
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Recall
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Allows a person to file a petition for a public vote to remove an elected official from office prior to the term expiration.
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Populist Era
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1890s - direct response to centralization
“big people” who have a lot of money oppress “little people” Regular people can govern themselves Direct election of senators Direct election of the president Direct primary elections Income Tax |
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Progressive Era
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1900-1910s
About good government Opposite of populist? Elite group to make government better Weakening political parties Public health reforms Into Eugenics Labor laws Public safety standard Abolished child labor |
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Direct Democracy
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Unlike anywhere else
-Local and state level -Decision making ability -No National Policy Referenda -Why are these distinctions important? --Almost always voting about money |
