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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What were the original intentions of the framers when creating the Presidency?
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limited powers
unaffected by political parties enforce laws passed by Congress negotiate with foreign governments |
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Constitution requirements for the Presidency
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35 years old
natural born citizen 14 year resident |
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factors that affect presidential leadership
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1. circumstances
economy, events 2. degree of support 3. stage of term 4. nature of issue foreign or domestic 5. relationship with congress |
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5 roles/ powers of the President
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1. military powers
2. judicial powers 3. diplomatic powers 4. legislative powers 5. executive powers |
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diplomatic powers
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foreign policy
negotiate treaties executive agreements |
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US vs Curtiss-Wright Export Corp.
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gave the president dominance in foreign policy
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War Powers resolution
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limits the President's ability to use troops in combat
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Military powers of the president
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commander in chief
civilian leader of armed forces war powers resolution domestic military powers |
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judicial powers
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reprieves- postponement of punishment
pardons grants amnesty |
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legislative powers of the president
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veto power
proposes bills State of the Union executive orders |
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Executive powers of the president
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power to appoint
proposes budget OMB executive privledge |
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EOP
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Executive office of the President
National security council NSC Office of Management and Budget OMB Council of economic advisers CEA created by FDR in 1936 |
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22nd amendment
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limits tenure
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25th amendment
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disability, death, resignation.
VP becomes acting President and a new VP is appointed being approved by Congress |
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Impeachment
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to charge an official with wrongdoing or misconduct in office
2 stages House- investigate and indict/ impeach Senate- trial, convicts and removes affected Clinton and Johnson almost Nixon, but he resigned before |
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Watergate
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Nixon supposedly planted a wiretap at the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee in Washington's Watergate complex
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CREEP
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Council to Reelect the President
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US vs Nixon
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ordered Nixon to turn the tapes over to the court. This would prove him guilty. Nixon resigned ten days later.
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Bureaucracy
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the totality of government agencies responsible for day-to-day functioning of the gov.
large and complex organization |
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Bureaucrats
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career government officials (90%)
carry out the policies of elected officials |
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4 types of government organizations
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1. departments
2. Government Corporations 3. IRC's 4. Independent Agencies |
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Departments
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largest units of the executive branch
each head makes up the presidents cabinet carries out vital government functions |
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Indep. Agencies
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small in size
narrowly defined/ focused |
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IRCs
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Independent Regulatory Commissions
each regulates some aspect of the economy |
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government corporations
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perform services that could be provided by a private company
ex= postal service |
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public opinion
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collection of attitudes that people have about political events, issues and leaders
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political socialization
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process through which our opinions and beliefs are learned and formed
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agents of political socialization
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family
education political conditions |
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how to measure political opinion
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polls are the most common way
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problems with polls
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poor wording
push polls- urge a certain answer pseudo polls- internet and TV polls |
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types of polls
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consensus- directive and permissive
directive- most agree permissive- non-opinion divisive- widely differing opinions |
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salience
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important beliefs to the beholder
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political efficacy
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the ability to influence political officials
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band wagon effect
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shift in support to the candidate who is in the lead
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political ideology
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a consistent pattern of values, beliefs and opinions about the role of government
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liberals/liberalism
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believe government should play a role in allieviating human problems. use government to solve societies problems
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conservatives
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believe in a smaller role for government
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political party
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a group of like-minded people who seek to control the government by winning elections
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Party System
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a long period of time in which one party dominates government
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electoral realignment
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majority party is replaced by the minority party
large shift in voter allegiance based on new issues |
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divided government
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when one party dominates the presidency and Congress
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party identification
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a voter's psychological attachment to one party or another
loyalty to one party best predictor of how people will vote |
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Independents
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have no party loyalty
increase in the number of independents leads to a decrease in party ID |
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dealignment
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abandoning both parties to become an independent
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Minor parties
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form to promote one cause as single issue parties
offshoot from the major party |
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why are minor parties important
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new ideas
outlet for popular discontent |
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multi-party systems
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3 or more parties
encourage minor parties to compete proportional representation |
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suffrage
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right to vote
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19th Amendment
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gave women the right to vote
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26th amendment
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gave 18-20 year olds right to vote
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types of elections
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primaries
general runoff |
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primary elections
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held within each party to nominate candidates
open primary closed primary |
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methods to select nominees
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direct primaries
caucus |
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open primary
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a voter can wait until the day of the primary to choose which party to enroll in
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closed primary
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voters must be enrolled with a party for a certain amount of time before the primary in order to vote
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referendum
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allows citizens to vote directly on proposed laws or other governmental actions by referring it to an electorate for approval or rejection
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recall
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gives voters the opportunity to remove officials from office before their term expires
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