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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is government? |
The system of political rule and administration over a society. |
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3 Functions of Government |
Provide: - Security - Justice - Public Work & Essential Services - Economic Policy - Conservation & Development |
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The constitution |
The constitution is a book that: - Divides the law-making powers to the Federal and State government - Sets out the rules and structures of parliament |
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Federation |
The joining together of each colony to form one nation. |
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Representative Democracy |
- Citizens vote for representatives - Elected representatives represent the view of citizens in debates and proposed laws - The elected representatives are responsible to the voters - If the voters are not satisfied they can elect a different representative at the next election |
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Difference between cabinet, parliament and government |
Parliament - Parliament is everyone seated in the parliament house. Includes: Party in power (government), members of opposition and independents Government - The political party in power Cabinet - The Prime Minister and senior ministers of the government |
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3 Reasons why Australia federated |
1. Wanted to maintain an English speaking environment because of Asian migration. 2. People could move freely between colonies for work. 3. All of the colonies joined together would be able to repel an invasion from other countries then separately. 4. Wanted to make it easier to transport goods throughout the country. |
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Structure of Federal Parliament (1) |
Cabinet: - Federal Parliament Prime Governor - General - Crown Minister Senate (76 seats) - Upper house & top House of Representatives ministers (150 seats) - Lower house from both houses |
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Structure of Victorian Parliament (2) |
Cabinet: - State Parliament Premier Governor - Crown & top Legislative Council - Upper house ministers (40 seats) from both Legislative Assembly - Lower house houses (88 seats)
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The role of the crown |
Queen Elizabeth II is Australia's head of state, and her authority is known as the crown. |
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Governor General |
The representative of the Crown of Australia and is appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of the Prime Minister of Australia. |
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Three functions of Government |
1. Legislative: Make laws 2. Executive: Administer laws 3. Judiciary: Enforce laws This power is separated to reduce corruption and allow each arm to be an expert in their area. |
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Levels of Government |
Federal - Defence, Currency, Trade State - Education, Transport, Hospitals Local - Health centres, Rubbish disposal, Parks and Gardens |
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Local government |
Local government is the layer of government responsible for small, local areas. Each local government area is governed by a local council. These councils make rules called local laws or by-laws about rubbish removal, local roads, buildings, parks and libraries. |
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What does the opposition do? |
The role of the opposition in parliament includes: - Commenting on decisions made by the government - Debating on proposed laws - Checking on the administration of the government |
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What are political parties and what do they do? |
The main aims of a political party are to represent the common views of a particular group and to form government. To achieve this, political parties need to form policies, select candidates and win votes. |
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Why might someone form a political party? |
- Dissatisfaction with existing government - The desire to promote a particular issue - Dissatisfaction with an existing political party - in this case, the group may break away from an existing political party to form a new party. |
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How many local government are there? |
Approx. 670 |
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Who must vote? |
Australian citizens over the age of 18 |
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4 main roles of a Governor - General |
1. Assent (in the Queen's name) to a proposed law passed by both houses of parliament. He has the power to withhold approval and return a proposed change in the law for parliament for amendment. 2. Appoint the session times for parliament. 3. Bring an end to sessions of parliament 4. Dissolve the House of Representatives and bring about a new election of members |
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How to enrol |
- Complete an enrolment form which are available from post offices or the Australian Electoral Commission. - Form must be signed in the presence of someone who is already on the electoral roll, and then returned to the commission. - Commission enters details on the electoral roll and sends a card that tells the person which electoral division they are enrolled in. - This then allows the person to vote in both state and federal elections. |
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Electoral role |
An alphabetical list of names of people who are entitled to vote. It includes the sex, address, occupation of each voter.When one reports to a polling booth during an election, their name gets marked off of the list to check if this person has voted more than once. |
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Process of voting in federal elections (1) |
Ordinary vote: Done when a voter goes to a polling place and report to an electoral officer. After giving their name and address to the electoral officer the voter collects a ballot paper and fills it in in a private voting booth. They deposit completed ballot papers in the ballot boxes before leaving the polling place. |
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How is the HOR elected? |
A system of preferential voting is used to elect members of the House of Representatives. This means the voter must indicate a preference for each candidate by placing a number in the box next to each name. 1 to so forth. |
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How is the senate elected? |
The ballot paper for the senate is divided into 2 sections. Voters only need to complete one of these sections. Voters may choose to vote above or below the line. If top section is chosen, they only have to write 1 in the box next to the party they want. If bottom section is chosen, the same process must occur but all of the boxes must be numbered in preference of choice. |
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Constitutional Monarchy |
A system of government that follows the rules set out in the constitution with a monarch as the head of state but the power of government rests within the parliament. The monarch is of royal status. |
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Republic |
In a republic, the people through their elected representatives and an elected president hold power. The president is the head of state. |
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Process of voting in federal elections (2) |
Absentee voter: If one is not in an electorate on the day of the election, one has to report to a polling place and have to sign a declaration saying that they are entitled to vote. They are then given a ballot paper for their electorate which completed is sent to local area for counting.
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Process of voting in federal elections (3) |
Pre - poll and postal voter: People who cannot attend a polling place on the day of the election are: - too old or ill - live more than 8km away from nearest polling place - belong to a particular region - are out of the state in which they are enrolled as a voter They then have to apply to an electoral office before the election. They have the ballot papers mailed to them which then completed must be sent back to electoral office before election day. |
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Process of voting in federal elections (4) |
Section vote: Person who's name is not listed on electoral roll may still vote, but they need to sign a declaration saying that they completed an enrolment form. The declaration forms and ballots are then given to an electoral officer in an envelope. |
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Process of voting in federal elections (1) |
Ordinary vote - Person goes to a polling place and reports to electoral officer, who asks for name & address, marks them off on an electoral roll and gives ballot papers. Voters fills them in, in a private booth & then deposits papers in ballot boxes. |
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Why should we vote? |
We as Australian Citizens should vote as we should have a say towards who and how our country is run. |
