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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the manipulative theory
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The media simplify and alter their political content to influence public opinion to a position beneficial to them
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Give an example of the manipulative theory in action
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Leveson report- Many media outlets opposed statutory underpinning of any regulatory body and their content was very critical of this recommendation
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Describe the key differences between the manipulative and hegemonic theory
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-The Hegemonic theory suggests all media producers and bias while the manipulative theory suggests only those that choose to are
-The Hegemonic theory suggests Bias is unconscious whereas the manipulative theory implies deliberate bias |
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Describe the Pluralist theory?
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People actively choose to consume media that reinforces their viewpoint
thus, the media can only reflect public opinion and do little to influence it |
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Who outlined selective exposure, perception and retention
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Festinger
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Outline the Primacy model?
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Long Term Factors, such as class have a greater impact on voting paterns than short term factors. Therfore voting paterns should be stable.
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what processess have led to the increased importance of short term as described by the Recency Model?
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- embourgeoisement
-class de-alignment -Partisan de-alignment |
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What is the name given to the model which stresses the importance of social factors?
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The social structure model
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outline the rational choice model
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Voters make a choice based on retrospective (past) and/or prospective (future) performance
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Give an example of issue voting which supports the rational choice model?
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Lib-dem support has collapsed scince them reneging on their tuition fees promise this would suggest people are making a retrospective judgement that could influence theit vote at the 2015 general election
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Describe the party identification model
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that people's voting is based on which party they identify with most
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What % of people said they identified with a Political party in 1964 and 2001? What does this show?
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45%, 1965
13%, 2001 Partisan de-alignment |
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Define: Partisan De-alignment
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The decline in strong voter identification with political parties
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Spell the term that describes a growing of the middle class
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Embourgeoisement
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What is a 'spin doctor'?
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A special advisor employed to promote the image of their Employer( usually a cabinet minister or political party ) and their policy in the media
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Define: Class de-alignment
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The decline in the relationship between social Class and voting
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Give three examples of recent spin doctors?
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new labour-Alastair Campbell
Cameron - Andy Culson then Craig Oliver |
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How do Cameron and Blair's spin doctors differ
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Blair's were more aggressive and had higher profile
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Define: political apathy?
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A state of passivity or indifference towards Political institutions and their associated proccesses
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what is Political 'hapathy'?
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The idea that voters may abstain from voting as a result of happiness with the way in which a country is being Governed
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Give statistics to support political 'hapathy'
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2005 Electoral commission research 29% of people who described themselves as 'satisfied with democracy wouldn't vote where as 59% of those dissatisfied would vote
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Name 2 scandals that negatively effected British politics? What negative ideas did they reinforce?
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-2009-MP expenses scandal
Corruption -2012-14-Plebgate political elitism |
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What voting model does the Pulzer Theory support? What year is it of?
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Social structure Model
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Give statistics to show the link between class and apathy?
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Liverpool Democratic audit (2012): 65% of people in AB class said they discussed political News wereas only 21% of the DE class did
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Define: Tactical Voting
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Voting for a party/ candidate who isn't your first preference in order to keep another party or candidate from winning
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Give 4 possible reasons for the different between voting paterns at Bi election
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-High media and campaign focus on the area
-increased protest voting -lower turnout -increased level of tactile voting |
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give an example that shows increased protest voting
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in the baddeley, Milton and North on Stoke on Trent by-election Stoke city independents Won 32% of the vote and a seat in a traditional labour area
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Define: Legitimacy
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Legitimacy is the right to exercise the power of a position, usually obtained through democratic consent ( i.e. winning an election)
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