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15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Describe the different factors that people consider when voting.
The 4 Ps, want representative to do what’s right, want representative to represent them
What were the three equal protection problems outlined by the Court in Bush v. Gore?
1. No consistent counting, no uniformity
2. Only counted undervotes, only some counties did it
3. Who will count them? Need standards
How did the Court respond to the problems outlined in Bush v. Gore? How did the dissenters respond to this solution? (Describe the arguments used.)
A. Yes, there is a problem, but time is an issue.
B. Should have left it up to the FLA court to work it out, to remedy their decision, takes power away from state courts
What are the benefits and costs of voting? How can we lower the costs of voting?
The costs include both opportunity costs and financial costs. The voter may have to leave work and travel, forgoing wages, etc.
We can create a holiday, vote-by-mail, wage credits.
Describe the who, what, when, where, why, and how of measuring public opinion.
Who is who is being polled, what is what is being asked, when is at what time and for how long, where is the scope of the poll, why is who commissioned it and for what purpose, and how is how it was actually conducted like phone vs. internet.
What is the difference between a representative who is a trustee vs. a delegate? How will this affect how candidates run for office and how voters choose the candidate?
Trustees want representatives to do what is right; delegates want representatives to express the people’s opinion.
In terms of demographics, what are the characteristics of individuals who traditionally do not vote?
Lower educated ppl (relates to income and occupation
Younger ppl
Racial minorities
The South (historically, is one-party)
People who move around
Certain occupations
What is the theory of surge and decline? Is it still valid? Why/why not?
Congressional candidates win more votes when they are a part of the same party as the winning president (surge) and win fewer during the midterm w/o the pull of the president on the ticket (decline)
Are independents really independent? Explain.
Independents usually lean and will usually vote for the same party
Are parties weak? Any answer should consider the different conceptions of parties and explain why they are or are not weak.
PIG- decentralized gov’t, ppl cross party lines in congress, politicians set own agendas
PIE- split-ticket, defection, increasing number of independents
PAO- campaign finance reforms
Describe how reforms have influenced the strength or weakness of parties and/or the nature of how candidates run their campaigns. Be sure to be specific about the reform.
Campaign finance reforms- place emphasis on 527s and individual donations (PAO); primaries mean that the candidate can’t rely on party to win, campaigns become candidate-centered
What role do interest groups play in elections?
A. Soft money can provide more funding (527s)
B. Can mobilize voters
C. Symbolic status (target certain ppl, represent certain ppl), can attract voters, can evoke feelings about single issues
Describe the three basic groups that make up parties as organizations. What are their goals? How do these goals (and their behavior) help to influence the characteristics of parties as organizations?
1. Professional employees of the party: to get candidate elected
2. Candidates and elected officials: to get elected
3. Party activists: to get what they want, this becomes the conflict, they don’t care about the candidate
Describe Hamilton’s argument in Federalist 78.
Courts are the weakest branch because they have neither power of the purse nor of the sword. On the other hand, their judgment is critical: they must interpret laws and declare acts contrary to the constitution void. Their judgment must remain clear, pure: independent from exec/legis, no elections, permanent tenure.
What is going negative? What are the benefits/costs?
Going negative is when a candidate attacks his opponent rather than promoting himself. The benefits are discrediting the opponent, the costs include looking mean.