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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Appropriations |
Amount of money each agency can spend |
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Pocket veto |
Congress adjourns during the 10-day period a president has the bill & the president has taken no action |
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House Rule Committee determines |
What opportunity there is for amendments to be proposed to a bill on the floor |
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Opponents of a bill generally prefer for the Rules Committee to |
Establish an open rule for that bill |
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Power of advice & consent is given solely to |
Senate |
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Which chamber has the most party unity? |
The House |
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Hastert Rule |
Speaker doesn't allow any bill to reach the floor unless it has the support of a majority of Republicans |
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Most important tool an incumbent member of Congress has for reelection |
Constituency service |
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Primary role of assistant/regional whips |
Polling members to learn intentions on specific bills |
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Last formally declared war |
WWII |
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What is required to ratify a treaty? |
2/3 Senate vote |
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Independent executive agencies |
Part of the executive branch but free of presidential control |
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Independent regulatory commissions |
Make rules for large businesses that affect the public; not part of any branch |
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Structure of federal judicial system |
94 District Courts, 14 Court of Appeals, SCOTUS |
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1972 Case Act |
President must inform Congress of any executive agreement within 60 days |
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How has the VP's role changed? |
More influential |
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The Constitution's authors opposed what kind of presidential election? |
Direct, popular election |
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President has the most limited influence over |
National economy |
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Signing statements |
Used by Presidents to announce their interpretations of legislation they sign into law |
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Kitchen Cabinet |
Group of 12 that advises the president |
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Youngstown Co v. Sawyer |
Struck down Truman's executive order that nationalized steel mills. SuCo rules exec orders with no statutory or constitutional basis are invalid. |
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What strengthened the presidency in the 1830s? |
National convention system of nominating candidates |
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Office of Management & Budget |
Has enhanced presidential power; all legislation originating from White House & exec orders goes through |
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Judicial review |
The SuCo reviewing a law to determine if it's constitution |
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Election of 1800 |
President Adams wanted to make Jefferson's transition difficult so he passed the Judiciary Act of 1789 |
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John Marshall |
Adams's Secretary of State, made SuCo Chief Justice. Given the job of delivering certificates to new judges but was too busy to do it himself. *Gave the SuCo the power of Judicial Review* |
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William Marbury |
Appointed as judge by Adams but never received certificate. Sued James Madison per Writ of Mandamus in SuCo for not being delivered his certificate. |
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James Madison |
Jefferson's Sec of State, instructed to throw away remaining certificates from Adams's administration |
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Marbury v. Madison |
Judiciary Act ruled unconstitutional because it altered the constitution. Nothing the SuCo can do to help Marbury. |
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Midnight appointments |
Judges appointed to new courts late in Adams's term |
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Article 3 |
Establishes SuCo and it's original jurisdiction |
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SuCo eras: •Nation v State= •Regulation of Economy= •Civil Rights/Liberties= |
Beginning Post-Civil War Post-New Deal |
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Writ of Certiorari |
Request from a case party; petition to have a case heard in the SuCo after a lower court ruling |
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Writ of Certification |
Judge's request; used by lower judges to ask the SuCo to basically check their work |
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Writ of Appeal |
Congress says a particular issue is so important that any case brought to the SuCo relating to it MUST be heard |
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Amicus curiae |
Filed by a non-party of the case that's interested in the outcome. Done when SuCo is deciding to hear a case or voting on a result in the merit stage |
