Political Sciene 122 Test 2 Bailey

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Bureaucracy the term given to a network of organizations that is responsible for carrying out certain tasks

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Weberian Model named after Max Weber, he thought government must be logical, hierarchal, and purpose driven (rational

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Acquisitive Model goal of bureaucracy is to get more money to get more staff to get more power

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Monopolistic Model because the government has no competition its bureaucracy has no incentive to be efficient

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Garbage Can Model the government bureaucracy tends to be only reactive and is not proactive

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Whistleblower a person who brings to government attention gross inefficiency or illegal activity

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Enabling Legislation legislation/law that creates a new government agency must do 3 things; contain name of agency

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Oversight the authority of congress to review any program or agency to ensure that it is doing what it is meant to do.

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Sunset Legislation terminology put into piece of legislation that ends or terminates a government program or agency by a specific date unless extended specifically by an act of congress

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Line Organization any agency or department that reports directly to the president of the United States.

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Government in Sunshine Act all public boards must conduct official meetings in public (exception is salary or job evaluation)

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Independent Executive Agency agency that is accountable only to the president

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Independent Regulatory Agency regulate some part of the economy but report directly to the president

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Iron Triangle the three way alliance between government contractors, the bureaucracy, and Congress

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Spoils System a form of patronage in which government jobs are given to political supporters and friends

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Merit System a system of selection, retention and promotion based on competitive examinations

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Government corporation a government agency that is run on a for profit basis

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District Court a basic trial court where evidence is presented and testimony is heard

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Appellate Court transcripts of a case are reviewed and arguments by the attorneys are made

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Jurisdiction the authority to hear a case

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Diversity of Citizenship one party of a case is from one state and the other party is from a different state

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Rule of Four at least four members of the supreme court agree that there is a reason for hearing this case

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Amicus Curiae Brief ‘friendly advice’ abortion story people outside of a lawsuit but want their opinion heard by the court

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Writ of Certiorari orders a lower court to provide the record of a case to a higher court

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Stare Decisis to let stand on decided cases, ruling is made without further review of the case (means the court does not need to be involved)

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Affirm to agree with the opinion of a previous court as a result of a full review

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Remand to send the case back to a previous court to hear it because an issue has been overlooked

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Reverse the supreme court or the appeals court disagrees with the decision with the previous court so they overturn the previous decision

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Class Action Suit a civil suit against (usually a corporation or company) that is filed by one or more people representing all other parties similarly situated

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Unanimous Opinion is a decision of a case in which all justices agree.

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Minority Opinion says while the disagreeing justices have ruled they way they have (what points of law disagree with the majority)

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Concurring Opinion is a written decision by certain members of the majority who agree with the outcome of the case but on a different point of law

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Judicial Activism the judicial branch of government steps in to shape public policy when Congress and the President have not

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Judicial Restraint leaving the shaping of public policy to the President and Congress

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Strict Construction a judge looks at the constitution and interprets his decision in the original context of how the constitution was written

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Broad Construction believe that the constitution is a living document and base their rulings on how the constitution applies to today’s society

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Precedent a decision in a case that serves as an example for the current case and all future cases of a similar nature