Political Science Test 3 Set 1

Front 1

Judge made law that originated in england from decisions shaped accroding to prevailing custom.

Back 1

Common law

Front 2

Obligates judges to follow the precedents set previously by their own courts or by higher courts that have authority over them

Back 2

stare decisis in common law

Front 3

The practice of deciding new cases with reference to former decisions

Back 3

precendent in common law

Front 4

Judicial interpretations of common law principles and doctrines, as well as interpretations of constitutional law, statutory law, and administrative law.

Back 4

Case law

Front 5

The authority of a court to hear and decide certain cases.

Back 5

Jurisdiction

Front 6

Authority to hear a case first

Back 6

original jurisdiction

Front 7

A court having jurisdictoin to review cases and issues that were originally tried in lower courts

Back 7

appelate jurisdiction

Front 8

What kind of jurisdiction do the U.S. district courts have.

Back 8

Original jurisdiction (general jurisdiction)

Front 9

What kind of jurisdiction does the U.S. Court of appeals have

Back 9

Appelate jurisdiction

Front 10

What kind of jurisdictions does the U.S. Supreme court have.

Back 10

Original and Appelate

Front 11

What do the supreme court, us courts of appeal, district courts all have in common.

Back 11

They all have federal jurisdicton

Front 12

Exists when a courts authority to hear cases is not significantly restricted. Can normally hear a broad range of cases

Back 12

General Jurisdicton

Front 13

A secret court established to hear requests for warrants for the surveillance of suspected spies.

Back 13

The FISA Court

Front 14

Who selects the nominate for judicial canidates.

Back 14

President

Front 15

What is the senates role in judicial appointments

Back 15

they eaither confirm or reject the nomination

Front 16

In federal disctric court judgeship nominations, a tradition allowing a senator to veto a judicial appointment in his or her state.

Back 16

senatorial courtesy

Front 17

What plays an important role in the presiden'ts chioces for judicial appointments

Back 17

partisanship (their policital background)

Front 18

Orders a lower court to send the supreme court a record of the case for review.

Back 18

writ of certiorari

Front 19

The court will not issue a writ unless at least four justices approve it.

Back 19

Rule of four

Front 20

Factors contributing to supreme court case selection

Back 20

1. conflicting lower court decisions
2. Lower court decisions conflicting with supreme court precedent
3. Case brought by Solicitor general
4. Important legal issue in need of clarification
5. personal perspectives of the justices

Front 21

is a ruling handed down by a court with multiple judges in which the decision was made by the court acting as a whole, as opposed to statements made by individual judges. The literal meaning of this legal term is "by the court".

Back 21

per curim

Front 22

a policy making body that sets priorites for the federal judiciary.

Back 22

Judicial conference

Front 23

who is also the chair of the judicial conference

Back 23

chief justice

Front 24

is the individual appointed to argue for the Government of the United States in front of the Supreme Court of the United States, when the government is party to a case.

Back 24

solicitor general

Front 25

Also one of the factors that influence judicial decisions.

Back 25

solicitor gerneral's opinion

Front 26

The court opinion reflecting the verdict and legal reasoning of the majority of the justices

Back 26

majority opinion

Front 27

The opinions of justices who disagree with the majority verdict.

Back 27

dissenting opinion (minority opinion)

Front 28

An opinion issued by a member of the majority who agrees with the majority verdict, but who disagrees with the legal reasoning used by the majority

Back 28

concurring opinion

Front 29

we need an active powerful court that could strike down the action of the congress or president

Back 29

are what judicial activists believe

Front 30

court should be weaker than congress and president

Back 30

judicial restraint

Front 31

In federal disctric court judgeship nominations, a tradition allowing a senator to veto a judicial appointment in his or her state.

Back 31

senatorial courtesy

Front 32

What plays an important role in the presiden'ts chioces for judicial appointments

Back 32

partisanship (their policital background)

Front 33

Orders a lower court to send the supreme court a record of the case for review.

Back 33

writ of certiorari

Front 34

The court will not issue a writ unless at least four justices approve it.

Back 34

Rule of four

Front 35

Factors contributing to supreme court case selection

Back 35

1. conflicting lower court decisions
2. Lower court decisions conflicting with supreme court precedent
3. Case brought by Solicitor general
4. Important legal issue in need of clarification
5. personal perspectives of the justices

Front 36

is a ruling handed down by a court with multiple judges in which the decision was made by the court acting as a whole, as opposed to statements made by individual judges. The literal meaning of this legal term is "by the court".

Back 36

per curim

Front 37

a policy making body that sets priorites for the federal judiciary.

Back 37

Judicial conference

Front 38

who is also the chair of the judicial conference

Back 38

chief justice

Front 39

is the individual appointed to argue for the Government of the United States in front of the Supreme Court of the United States, when the government is party to a case.

Back 39

solicitor general

Front 40

Also one of the factors that influence judicial decisions.

Back 40

solicitor gerneral's opinion

Front 41

The court opinion reflecting the verdict and legal reasoning of the majority of the justices

Back 41

majority opinion

Front 42

The opinions of justices who disagree with the majority verdict.

Back 42

dissenting opinion (minority opinion)

Front 43

An opinion issued by a member of the majority who agrees with the majority verdict, but who disagrees with the legal reasoning used by the majority

Back 43

concurring opinion

Front 44

we need an active powerful court that could strike down the action of the congress or president

Back 44

are what judicial activists believe

Front 45

court should be weaker than congress and president

Back 45

judicial restraint

Front 46

look to the letter of the law when they attempt to interpret the constitution or a particular statute

Back 46

strict constructionism

Front 47

try to determine the context and purpose of the law

Back 47

broad constructionism

Front 48

an issue that a court believes should be decided by teh executive or legislative branch

Back 48

political question

Front 49

we need an active powerful court that could strike down the action of the congress or president

Back 49

judicial activism