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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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General Election |
Held every 2 years to elect state officials |
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Primary Election |
Major political parties nominate candidates for November general election |
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Open Primary |
Nominating election open to all party affiliation |
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Close Primary |
Open only to voters of a specific political party |
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Runoff Primary |
No person receives a majority vote in primary |
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Party Realignment |
Switching of voter preference from one party to another |
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3 Part Structure of Party and Functions |
1. Party in government - organizes elected officials 2. Party in the electorate - people who identify with and support party 3. Party Organization/ activists - those that support the election of party members |
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Reemergence of Republic Party in Texas |
Modern Era: White voters began to move to republican party - 50 year democratic decline (7% to 37% republican) |
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Reconstruction 1930's |
- Confederacy - Pro-segregation - Suppress voting rights - Patronage System (after winning elections, gives jobs to supporters, friends, bestowing power) |
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Populist Party |
- Resist centralized economic power - Economic power = political power - Progressives |
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New Deal Coalition (1932-1968) |
- FDR - alignment of interest groups, voting for democratic candidates - Progressives - Bridges northern + southern factions |
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Modern Era (1968 - |
- Lyndon Johnson "Great Society" - Southern Realignment (republic leaders appealed to white southerners) |
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Why is it hard for 3rd parties to win office? |
- Thousands of signatures to be on ballot - Financial difficulty ( must receive 5% votes in prior election for federal funds) |
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Voter Registration in Texas |
- Be a citizen - ID or last four digits of Social Security |
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White Primary |
Democratic, excludes African Americans |
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Poll Tax |
Tax paid to be eligible to vote |
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What individuals are most likely to vote? |
High income, well educated |
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Positives of Interest Groups |
Contribute to democratic political process, protect a certain person |
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Negatives of Interest Groups |
General controversy, promotes policies for minority, not society as a whole |
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Ways interest groups influence courts, bureaucracy, and legislative branch. |
- Convincing members of legislature to file favorable bill - informing members on effects of bills |
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Astroturf |
Appears to have many grassroots members, just sponsored by an organization |
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Electioneering |
Activities which interest groups engage in to influence election outcomes |
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Types of Interest Groups |
Government organization, labor unions, business/agriculture, religious, public interest |
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Types of Lobbyists |
1. Contract lobbyists - represent a client 2. In-house lobbyists - employees of businesses 3. Governmental Organization 4. Citizen or volunteer - non-paid, representing citizen groups 5. Private individual - acts on own behalf |
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What do lobbyists report to Ethics Commission? |
- Receiving more than $1000 per quarter year as pay - registration for PAC's (reports of $50 or more donations) |
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Which interests are powerful in Texas? |
- National Rifle Association - U.S. Chamber of Commerce - Mother's Against Drunk Driving - National Education Association |
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Iron Triangle |
Close relationship between bureaucracy, interest groups, and congress.
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Bureaucracy |
System where most important decisions are made by state officials, rather than representatives
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The Revolving Door |
Moving of personnel between public and private life in various issue areas. (incestuous) |
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Elitism |
Belief that individuals form an elite (ancestry, wealth, high intellect) and are of greater influence/authority. |
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Pluralism |
Power should be dispersed among a variety of economic and ideological groups |
