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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define system breakdown |
Major political malfunction or instability |
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When does system breakdown start? |
Starts when regime's legitimacy erodes |
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What is Primordial violence? |
Arises from conflicts between "basic" communities - ethnic, national, religious. Does not effect developing world |
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What is separatist violence? |
o A groupseeks independence from existing state; possibly a result of primordialconflict |
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What is revolutionary violence? |
Seeks to overthrow or replace an existing regime. Ex: Islamists who want to take over Muslim countries like Egypt, Saudi Arabia, etc. |
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What is Counterrevolutionary violence? |
o theefforts of conservative groups to halt revolutions Ex: Communists against liberalizing movements to Hungary |
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What is Praetorianism? |
Countries that have one coup will often have more in the future |
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What is the relationship between modernization and violence? |
Violence seems most likely to happen when modernization is upsettingtraditional societies |
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What is Relative deprivation? |
· Somesegments see small improvements; others see huge improvements. · Itsrelative.· Seeingothers living much better may incite anger in them, and sometimes can lead to arevolution. |
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What is the relationship between violence and Rapid population growth and youth bulge? |
60% of pop. are under 30 Unemployed young males naturally incline to unrest |
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What is the relationship between violence and Antiquated political system? |
· Economyis rapidly changing. to a more modern economy Thepolitical system is incapable of producing the demands of modernization. More people becomeeducated and may become impatient with despotic (a person who holds absolutepower) rulers |
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What is the relationship between violence and Modernization of agriculture? |
· Simplesubsistence to cash crops dependent on markets · Bankers,landords, impoverishes many peasants and may lead them to a revolution |
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What is a revolution? |
A quick dramatic replacement of a regime that throws out the old elites |
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What is reform? |
Moderate change that leaves the system intact; old elites continue to exercise some power. |
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What is the relationship between revolutions and intellectuals? |
Intellectuals are the engine and the brains of revolutions. |
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What do revolutions tend to do? |
Revolutions tend to overthrow one form of tyranny and replace it with another |
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Describe The Old Regime Decays stage |
§ Administrationweakens, taxes rise. § Peoplelose faith in government.§ Seekother regime solutions. |
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Describe The First Stage of Revolution |
§ Organizedconspiracies form§ Peoplestop obeying regimeGovernment tries to putdown resistance with troops ~ backfires when troops desert |
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Describe At First, Moderates Take Over stage |
§ Oppositiontakes over§ Startsmoderate reforms § Extremistsdissatisfied ~ moderates not ruthless enough to crush radicals |
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Describe Extremists Take Over stage |
§ Betterorganized with clear goals§ Extremistsoverthrow moderates§ Everythingof the old regime is tossed out |
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Describe A "Thermidor" Ends the Reign of Terror stage |
Often a dictator arises who restores order, which the public welcomes |
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What is Thermidorian Reaction? |
· Day whichRobespierre was guillotined, marking the end of the French Revolution |
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What is Asymmetric Strategy of terrorism |
§ Type ofterrorism, the weak use against the strong§ Usesurprise tactics |
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How should the "war on terrorism" be fought? |
§ Ex: Fightagainst Islamic terrorism will likely be more successful if countries fight itlike violent crime (rather than calling it a “war on terrorism”), using mobile,highly trained special police units, with support staff of linguistics and culturalexperts. |
