Political Science

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Executive Agreement

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An international agreement between chiefs of state that does not require a legislative sanction.

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Ratification

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Formal Approval

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Seperation of power

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the principle of dividing powers among the thee branches of Government: executive, judiciary and legislative.

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State

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A group of people occupying a specific area and organized under one government; may be either a NATION o subunit of a nation.

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Confederation

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A system of Government with the ultimate power vested in the state or regional government EXCEPT those POWERS DELEGATED to the national government.

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CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS MUST BE

RATIFIED BY ____________________.

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LEGISLATURES OR CONVENTIONS in three-fourths of the states

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the tax called "taxation without representation"

is called

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STAMP ACT

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Confederation means ____________________.

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a voluntary association of independent states.

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According to John Locke, the purpose of government is to:

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protect people's natural rights.

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Republicans were not opposed to ______________.

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the authority of legislatures.

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State government in the REVOLUTIONARY WAR period and later ___________________________.

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concentrated power in the legislature.

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Under the Articles of Confederation, congress had the power to __________________.

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regulate foreign affairs.

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The Constitution gave the people which of the following?

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A republican, or representative government.

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In response to the Federalist Papers, the Anti Federalists argued?

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for a BILL OF RIGHTS.

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INFORMAL METHODS OF CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGE include...

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A Congress passing legislation with a 3/4 Authority.

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In California we have a/an

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both direct and indirect democracies.

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A republic is ___________.

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an indirect democracy.

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In the pluralists view, politics is

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the struggle among groups to gain benefits for their members.

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Advocacy of POSITIVE GOVERNMENT action to improve the welfare the welfare of individuals is called: _________________

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LIBERALISM

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ACTIVE GOVERNMENT CONTROL OF THE MAJOR ECONOMIC SECTOR IS CALLED

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SOCIALISM

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Advocacy of A LIMITEDROLE for the national GOVERNMENT in helping individuals is called: _________________

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CONSERVATISM

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MARXISM-LENINISM

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Placing high value on total equality and security

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Example of DIVIDED GOVERNMENT

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When the executive is of one party and the Congress is of other.

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Representative Democracy

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a form of GOV in which Representatives elected by the people make an enforce laws and policies, but in which the monarchy may be retained in a ceremonial role.

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initiative

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a procedure by which the voters can PROPOSE a law or constitutional amendment

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POWER

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The ability to cause others to modify their behavior and to conform what the power holder wants

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Social Contract Theory

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The theory that society should be governed by certain ETHICAL PRINCIPLES that ae part of the nature and can be understood by the reason

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Aristocracy

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Rule by the best suited through virtue, talent or education

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Oligarchy

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Rule by the elites who generally make decisios to benefit their own group

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Authority

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the feature of a leader or institution that compel OBEDIENCE ***

key word obedience

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Political Culture

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The collection of beliefs and attitudes toward GOV political institutions and POLITICAL PROCESS

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CONSENT OF THE PEOPLE

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THE IDEAS THT THE GOV AND LAWS DERIVE THEIR LEGITIMACY FOR THE CONSENT OF THE PEOPLE

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PLURALISM

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A theory that views politics as a conflict and political decisions made by bargaining and compromise

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Popular Sovereignty

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the concept that the ultimate power rest with the people

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Political Idealogy

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individual set of values and belief about the

purpose and scope of GOV

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GOVERNMENT

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an institution where the political power is exercised

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Compliance

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the acceptance and carrying out authorities decisions

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Political Socialization

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the process by which people acquire political beliefs and values

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referendum

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an electoral device whereby legislative or constitutional measures are deferred by the legislative to the voters for approval or disaproval

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Democracy

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system of GOV where the ultimate power vested in the people

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FOUR ADVANTAGES OF DEMOCRACY

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1.PEACEFUL TRANSFER OF POWER

2.FREEDOM OF SPEECH, PRESS AND EXPRESS

3.CHECKS AND BALANCES

4.EFFECTIVE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE GOV AND THE PEOPLE

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Matching Fund

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A method for adjusting of money that states must put up to receive federal funds

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Dual Federalism

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A system of GOV WHICH STATES AND NATIONAL GOV REMAIN SUPREME within their own spheres

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Cooperative Federalism

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a theory that states and national gov, should cooperate in solving problems

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Injunction

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an order issued by a court to compel or restrain the performance of an act by individuals or GOV officials

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Federal Mandate

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requirement in federal legislation that forces states and municipalities to comply with certain rules

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NEW Federalism

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A plan to restore the powers of the states

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Commerce

Clause

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the powers of the US Congress to regulate the trade among the states

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Full faith and credit clause

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the constitution provision that states should respect the laws and court decisions of other states

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Privileges and immunities

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Special rights and exceptions provided by the law

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Supremacy Clause

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The constitutional provision that makes the constitution and federal laws superior to all states and local laws.

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Horizontal Federalism

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Activities,problems and policies that require state GOV to interact with one other

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Police Power

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the authorities to legislate for protection of the health, moral, safety and welfare of the people.

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Elastic Clause

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the powers granted to the national GOV to do whatever is necessary to execute its delegated powers

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confederation

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a system of GOV that central GOV has limited powers over state

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unitary system

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a system of government that states and sub divisional governments exercise only those powers granted to them by national government

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Equalization

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programs which require that states must provide 10% to 50% of the fund

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The power of the US CONGRESS to regulate the trade relations among the states called

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interstate commerce clause

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A system of government that central government has limited powers over states is known as

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CONFEDERATION