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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many years in term of office
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4
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How many terms you’re limited to and where'd it come from
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2 and 22nd amendment after FDR was elected multiple times
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Constitutional duty of VP
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Presiding over the Senate
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Presidential powers- exec order
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have the force of law and usually direct an executive agency to take specific steps
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veto
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the president’s constitutional authority to disapprove of a bill (or joint resolution) passed by the House and Senate.
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Line item veto
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a power, possessed by many American governors, to veto a particular item of a bill without vetoing the whole bill
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executive privilege
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the president may legitimately refuse some requests for information
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Who can initiate impeachment
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Congress
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Residents of a district are called
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Constituents
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Bicameral Legislature
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a legislative body that has two separate chambers or houses, often with equal authority to pass or amend legislation
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How many Senators a state has
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2
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Reapportionment
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the process that reallocates the House sears to states in line with population changes.
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How senators were elected under original constitution
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state legislatures selected them
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What amendment changed how senators were elected
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17th
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Who has sole power to impeach
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House of Representatives
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Multiple referral
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when one bill is sent to two or more committees for consideration
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Fillibuster
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informal term for any attempt to block or delay Senate action on a bill or other matter by debating it at length, by offering numerous motions, or by other obstructive actions.
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Rider
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a legislative measure attached to a bill that often has very little substantive relation to it
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How you overcome a veto
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2/3 vote in both houses
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Judicial Review
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power of court system to strike down laws that they judge to be in violation of the federal or state constitutions
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Judicial Activism
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the charge that under the guise of interpreting the Constitution, federal judges read their own policy preferences into the fundamental law
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Great Chief Justice
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Head of US Supreme Court and the administrative head of the US court system
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Solicitor General
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a high ranking official in the Department of Justice who represents the US before the supreme court
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Bureaucrat
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an unelected government employee who administers government policy by adhering to rules and procedures
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Bureaucracy
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Bureaucratic state; the unelected organization that carry out government policy; more generally, a form of organization with division of labor, a hierarchy of authority, and impersonal rules
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Red Tape
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official forms and procedures, which are often burdensome. The term stems from a British tradition of binding documents with red cloth tape
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Administrative Law judge and branch
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a federal official who conducts hearings, makes findings, and offers recommendations for resolving disputes over an agency’s actions; executive branch
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Who appoints bureaucratic leaders
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Governors
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Iron Triangle
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the political alliance of executive branch agencies, congressional committees, and interest groups.
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Interest Group
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an organization that seeks to influence public policy
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Special Interest
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an unfavorable way to characterize those who stand to gain or lose more from a public policy
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Faction
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James Madison’s term for a group that pursues interests harmful to those of another group or to the good of the country. In contemporary usage, it often refers to any interest group.
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Economic Group
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an interest group, such as a union or business that explicitly pursues its own material welfare.
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PAC
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a political action committee, other than a candidate’s campaign committee, that raises and spends money to elect or defeat candidates. Businesses and labor unions often form PACs because they cannot give money directly to federal candidates from their own treasuries.
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What people are called that do the advocating for special groups
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Lobbyists
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Super PAC
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a political action committee that can accept unlimited contributions from individuals, unions, corporations, and associations, and spend unlimited sums on independent expenditures in federal election campaigns, provided that it does not contribute to or coordinate with parties or candidates
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Democracy
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a form of government in which the people rule themselves either directly or through freely elected representatives
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Type of government US has
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Representative democracy
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Rational Choice
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a theory of politics based on the premise that citizens and public officials act rationally to serve their personal interests
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purpose of government according to Declaration of Independence
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To secure the natural rights of people
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Inalienable Rights
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life liberty and the pursuit of happiness
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Articles of Confederation
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he first national constitution for the US. In force from 1781-1789, single branch national government in which each state had one vote.
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Why the articles of confederation failed
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weak central government
no power to enforce couldn't tax needed all 13 states to pass or change laws |
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Separation of powers
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an essential principle of the first American state constitutions and the US Constitution according to which the legislature, executive, and judicial powers of government are assigned to three distinct institutions.
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Checks and Balances
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the principle of the US Constitution that gives each of the three major branches of government the means to control partially the power exercised by another, largely to resist encroachments on its own powers.
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Reserved Powers
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under the 10th amendment, the powers not delegated to the US by the constitution, or prohibited by it to the States, that are reserved to the states or to the people.
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10th amendment
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The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people
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Implied Powers
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powers of the national government that the constitution does not directly mention but that one may reasonably infer from the enumerated powers
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13th amendment
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abolished slavery
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Relay what a right is
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the ability to freely do something
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Civil Liberties
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personal freedoms that the government may not legitimately infringe on, such as practicing one’s religion. Speaking freely, communicating opinions through printed press, and being secure in one’s person and property from arbitrary or oppressive government action.
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Civil RIghts
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the right’s to live one’s life and engage in the political process free from discrimination on such grounds as race, sex, religion, age, or disability
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Due Process
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procedural protections that the fifth and fourteenth amendments require government to follow before depriving anyone of life, liberty, or property. These include at least fair notice and an opportunity to contest charges before a neutral tribunal.
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Establishment Clause
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provision of the first amendment that prohibits congress from making a law “respecting an establishment of religion.”
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Free Exercise Clause
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provision of the first amendment that prohibits congress from “prohibiting the free exercise” of religion.
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Segregation
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a term referring to the separation of the races in housing, the use of public accommodations, employment, or education.
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Why republican party was organized
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to oppose slavery
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Booker T. Washington
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founding president of Tuskegee Institute in 1881 which became the leading black institution for education. Autobiography: Up from Slavery
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W.E.B. Dubose
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earned PhD from Harvard. Founded National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909
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Majority-Minority District
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voting district in which minorities represent the majority of the residents
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Affirmative Action
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governmental policies that either require special efforts to recruit minorities or women in employment, education, or public contracts or grant preferences to minorities or women in employment, education, or public contracts.
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What amendment granted women the right to vote
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19th
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What state was the first to allow women to vote
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Wyoming
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15th amendment
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Suffrage based on race
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States rights
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taxation, marriage, etc. reserved powers
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