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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are block grants?
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Federal grants-in-aid that permit state and local officials to decide how the money will be spent within a general area, such as education or health.
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What are categorical grants?
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Federal grants-in- aid to states and localities that can be used only for designated projects.
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What is the commerce clause?
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The clause of the constitution (article 1, section 8) that empowers the federal government to regulate commerce among the states and with other nations.
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What is confederacy?
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A governmental system in which sovereignty is vested entirely in subnational (state) governments.
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What is cooperative federalism?
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The situation in which the national, stae, and local levels work together to solve problems.
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What is devolution?
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The passing down of authority from the national government to states and localities.
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What is dual federalism?
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A doctrine based on the idea that a precise separtion of national power and state power is both possible and desirable
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What are enumerated (expressed) powers?
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The seventeen powers granted to the national government under article 1, section 8 of the constitution.
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What is federalism?
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A governmental system in which authority is divided between two sovereign levels of government: national and regional.
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What is fiscal federalism?
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A term that refers tothe expenditure of federal funds on programs run in part through states and localities.
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Wat are grant-in-aid?
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Federal cash payments to states and localities for programs they administer.
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What are implied powers?
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The federal government's constitutional sutority (through the "necessary and proper" clause) to take action that is not expressly authorized by the constitution but that supports actions that are so authorized.
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What is the "necessary and proper" clause (elastic clause)?
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The authority granted congress to article 1, section 8 of the constitution "to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper" for the implementation of its enumerated powers.
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What are reserved powers?
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The powers gratned to the states under the tenth amendment to the constitution.
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What is sovereignty?
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The ultimate authority to govern with a certain geographical area.
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What is the supremacy clause/
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Article 6 of the constitution, which makes national law supreme over state law when the national govenment is acting within its constitutional limits.
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What is a unitary system?
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A governmental system in which the national government alone has sovereign (ultimate) authority.
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