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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are the five different subfields of Political Science?
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1. American government: behavioralism – which looks at why people act the way
they do. Study on intent and action. This introduced more scientific elements to political science, in order to understand the actions scientifically instead of being a rusticated though. Instiutionalism (new Institutionalism) how the different branches of government interact with each other, and effect behavioral decision among branches. (separation of powers). BOOK on Behavioral part (The American Voter, The Economic Theory of Democracy (A. Downes)) Buy these books! 2. Public Administration – intensive study of (specifically American) bureaucracy. Plays an important role in the formulation and implementation of public policy. What is the product that comes through the bureaucratic funnel? What is the contrast between. 3. Comparative Politics: Systematic comparison of Political Systems. Groups of countries, why they are similar or different. 4. International relations – How different nations interact with one another. You also get into why wars break out, or why wars, or terrorism fall under international relations. It’s how do you interact. 5. Political theory – normative analysis of what is the political state and what is the right political state. It’s still taught everywhere, everybody should have a foundation to understand political thought, but is passing… it is becoming more of a philosophy in lieu of traditional politics. |
B-Ir-Cp-Pa-Pt
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What is the scientific method?
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• Find a pertinent problem warranting research and ask a pertinent RESEARCH QUESTION
• Propose a THEORY to explain phenomenon • Formulate HYPOTHESES to that the theory • TEST your HYPOTHESIS • Arrive at a CONCLUSION |
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What is a unit of Analysis
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The entity of research. For our purposes states are our unit of analysis.
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What are the three qualities of states?
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1. Sovereignty of the state
2. Fixed territory 3. States provide political goods: a. Political freedom b. Infrastructure |
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Why do you have a political system?
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To fix the broken infrastructure; in private hands you would have to pay to use say (interstates like NJ and Ill).
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What are the three methodological approaches used in political science research?
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The experimental method: Trial and error
The statistical method: Gathering of statistics The case study method: Why a certain thing is occurring in a certain country. Ask the local population, observe things as they occur. Using of course, the scientific method. The comparative method: Comparing one thing to another |
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Why is it difficult for some countries to accept democratic values?
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If the authority in power does not have durable institutions, it might be difficult for that country to accept democratic values.
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What typically causes democracies or authoritative governments to collapse?
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Durable institutions is one. Another is a major economic downturn,
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Who came up with the typology do we use for our case studies?
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It is a system that Aristotle came up with it to give us a political classification system.
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What are the different examples of this typology that we will use to classify the different political systems?
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Liberal Democracies
Communist and Post-Communist States New Democracies Less Developed States (LDC’s) Islamic States Marginal States |
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What are the different types of political goods that each state creates in our federalized government? (PEWPN)
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National and personal security
Political freedom Political participation Economic freedom Working infrastructure |
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Why was Great Britain used in the study of comparison for our class?
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1. Its the oldest enduring democracy
2. Its traditions and culture (ex, its unwritten constitutions) 3. Its development is important for American democracy 4. It’s gradual development (Great Britain has for the part been free of the chaotic change that have affected other nations. |
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What is the important document signed in 1215 changing monarchy and aristocracy's relationship?
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The Magna Carta, England. Signed by King John. Beginning of conflict among the monarchy and the aristocracy. If you don’t sign, we will kill you. So he did. The key point that the King cannot levy taxes without letting Parliament (the Aristocracy) know.
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What thirty year war was fought that gave temporary power back to the Monarchs over aristocrats and by whom?
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1455-1484 – War of the Roses
Temporary victory of the monarchy over the aristocracy Loss of power that is a battle to win their power back. The victor of the war of the roses is the Tudor family: this is a temporary victory of the monarchy over the aristocracy. The tudors: Henry VII, Henry VIII, Elizabeth I 30 year war… Attempt for an absolute monarchy? |
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What king lost his head at the end of Great Britain’s civil war?
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Charles I
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What did the Magna Carta Symbolize?
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The beginning of antagonism between monarchy and aristcrats that would come to a head during the Glorious Revolution.
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What did the Glorious Revolution symbolize?
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Symbolizes the final overthrow of the Monarchy in Europe.
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What happened during the Glorious Revolution?
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The Glorius Revolution was a revolt that ousted King James II and replaced him with William and Mary. Mary gave birth to a son who was to succeed King James (and not Mary) so William decided to contest by force James policy and mustered his men. Because James was pro-catholic (the minority of the country) the protestant outcry was loudly heard forcing the hand of William to remove the makings of absolute monarchy into a more democratic type of rule.
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What is the H/S of Henry VIII
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Was not granted a divorce from the pope who granted such things, so he opted to found the Anglican Church, becoming its head… the first time a King would be at the head of both a country and a religion.
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What absolute power did Henry VIII take to aid in the demise of the Monarchy?
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He called Parliament into session, for the first time in 100 years.
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What is the contribution to economics from Great Britain?
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Adam Smith founds laissez-Faire (hands off) capitalism in 1776 with his book Wealth of Nations.
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What does the textbook Comparative Politics say happened to the British Empire to make it less of an empire?
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It starts to break apart after imperialist colonies were granted their autonomy, thus lessening the control the nation had, while still maintaining strong influence in the area.
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Who had Universal Healthcare by 1910 and why?
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Great Britain. Britain was able to give Healthcare universally because the rich didn’t complain about it. Whereas in the united states the elite and wealthy class did complain about it.
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What kind of ideology does Britain have?
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They have a nationalist ideology that strongly supports a parliamentary government.
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What kind of class does Great Britain contain?
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The have heavy social influences that have remained for a long duration of time.
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What do Brits think about their government?
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They are appreciative, supportive and feel that they are empericists of democracy. They are a pragmatic people whose social lives are very practical. They are different from the US in that the US is a liberal democracy that will invade to enforce ideals, though Britain has shied away from the same action that they in the past have condoned.
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Contrast the differences between US, British policy and French, Germany policy in regards to the above mentioned type of Government.
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a. GB, US: not antagonistic but peaceful. While GB has a social class, the US does not.
b. FR, Germ: Bloody revolts that costs lives. i. The two examples are the Independence and the rise of the welfare state of all four countries. |
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What regional divisions does Great Britain have?
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Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and England, of which Northern Ireland impacts the politics of Britain the most.
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What kind of Government does Great Britain have?
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A unitary government where all power is concentrated to one rule, ie labour party etc.
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What is the contrast between Great Britain and US governments?
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GB: Unitary government where a party wins the vote, a prime minister is elected from within and a secondary party is also part of parliament to balance the system out.
US: federal government where all power is concentrated into state and federal governments. |
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What bicameral system exists in Great Britain?
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A parliamentary government whose rule is with a single member of district representation. It is a winner take all system and there are no direct primaries. A leader within parliament is chosen by parliament to lead the party as a lead among equals.
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What is Duverges law?
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If there is a winner take all system, there will have to be a two party system. To win you must gain a 50% majority vote and have a large tent in order to gain that number of people. CONTRAST: When you don’t have the Bipartisan system, you have an issue driven government that is in place.
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What are the characteristics of the Liberal Democratic Party?
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It was founded in 1988, created by merging of the liberal party and social democratic party. This being done so in order to gain strength and votes. They have consistently won parliamentary seats and are a viable party, however they are still limited by rule being that the labour party has cornerned the market and the vote.
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What are the characteristics of the Conservative Party (Tories)?
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Established in the 1830s, considered the party of aristocracy and business. It advocated transition (Edmund Burke being a traditionalist and important member of the Conservative party). Accepted welfare state as a necessary evolution of society. Margaret Thatcher part of this party. Alienated a great number of allies during its height. Party declined from mid 90s to the present.
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What are some of the social characteristics of Brits?
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• Strong sense of nationalism
• Strong influence of social class on their society • Called the empirisis of democracy… pragmatic in their expectations of the government. We should do this, and we should do that. • Sometimes we think government can do less than what they think. They believe their government can make those changes. • ***Regionalism of Great Britain that influence their politics*** Wales, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Britain. |
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What is the name of the government Great Britain has?
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Great Britain’s government is a unitary government. US government is a Federal government. What is the difference between the two? A unitary government is a centralized government where a federal government have several types of government within each individual state.
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What is a representational government?
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It is the contrast from Duverges type of two party government. Becomes a proportional representation. You don’t need to win 50% to gain power. You will still be represented. As a coalition government, you may even gain more of a voice in politics.
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What did the labor do in the early 1990s to gain more prominence?
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They redefined the Labour Party by calling it something different. In early 1990s Labour decided they had a problem: needed a change in image. So they redefined themselves as the new labor party. New Democrats founded in US at the same time. Broadened the tent (Clinton)…Mid-1990 Thatcher voted out, but conservatives didn’t lose power. They re-branded themselves, and essentially started regulation again that would help with unity within labour.
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In broad terms, what is Great Britain's government like?
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Great Britain’s government is simple, unitary in nature, no checks and balances or separation of powers. No selection of executive. Bicameral (two houses) legislation to the House of Commons, House of Lords, Traditional monarchy. The party chooses the executive.
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How do elections work in Great Britain?
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1. People vote for Members of Parliament (MP’S)
2. Party gaining majority in House of Commons elects the PRIME MINISTER 3. The Prime Minister then selects a cabinet 4. The government will persist until new elections are called. When the support of the government is lost, a vote of confidence happens…if it is lost, then new votes must take place and someone else will take over. |
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Will the entire party lose if a vote of no confidence is issued in parliament?
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No, not always. Most times a new vote is taken, and the old prime minister is voted out, while a new one is promoted.
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What function does the House of Common have in England's politics?
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Reviews legislation more than it creates it.
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What function does the House of Lords have in England's politics?
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They can stall legislation but cannot make it.
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What are the characteristics of the cabinet in Parliament?
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• Where most of the power in British government rests
• Primary chosen from the majority party • The cabinet constructs legislation • Led by Prime Minister, who is the chief cabinet member among equals. • However, the Prime Minister cannot continually deny the input of the Cabinet. • Must heed the advise of the cabinet members. |
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Who typically becomes part of the bureaucracy in England?
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Primary populated with people from the public schools… ie Public Servant positions.
Often criticized but also seen as performing its duties successfully. In US we don’t often for us to go into the Bureaucracy. The norm is to go into private business. Greater support for bureaucracy. Many people question Bureaucracy. Though in GB it is viewed as functional, and progressive. Whereas in the US people view Bureaucracy as not a good thing. Parliament is sovereign in GB. |
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What is the role of the Judiciary?
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They cannot contest constitutional law,. Courts still make important decisions. The most important part of the court system that they don’t have judicial review. Parliament is sovereign. Only parliament can look at laws and have them overturned. Courts don’t have that power.
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What will be on the test for quiz #2?
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Case Studies GB, intro to the comparative method and one other thing I can't remember.
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