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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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GDP
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Gross Domestic Products
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What does the GDP measure?
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the value of all the goods and services produced in your country per year
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Government spending on defense in the US is at about what percent?
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20%
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What is the current world population?
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7 Billion
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What is the projection of the world population for 2050?
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9 Billion
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What percent of population growth is expected by 2050?
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50%
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Civillian deaths were estimated at what percent during the '90s?
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90%
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Realism
(2 points) |
- struggles between countries to secure conflicting national interests
- world politics should be COUNTRY focused |
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What philosopher is associated with Realism?
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Thomas Hobbs
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What is the key Realist belief about human nature?
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"Might makes right!"
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Neorealist
(3 points) |
- focus on the anarchic nature of a world system, based on competition among countries
- no way to really "settle disputes" between countries - resort to force to achieve goals |
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Name a U.S. president associated with Realism.
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Ronald Reagan
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Liberalism
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- belief that humans and their countries are capable of acheiving more cooperative, less conflictive, relations
- want to increase interdependence, cooperation, and adherance to international law |
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What is the key Liberalist belief about human nature?
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"Right makes right!"
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Who was the philosopher Liberalism was inspired by?
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Jean Jacques Reusseau
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Neoliberalism
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- believe much of the world's problems come from unregulated structure
- belive the best solution is to build effective international organizations, and enforcing international law |
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Name a U.S. president associated with Liberalism.
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Bill Clinton
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What are some opposing beliefs/goals held by realists and liberalists?
(2 examples) |
R: want to use force
L: want to use cooperation Realists are skeptical about the ability of international organizations to promote cooperation R: Preserve power L: acheive mutual intrests |
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What is the UN Security Council's 5 permanent members' special role?
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They can veto any given suggestion
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Constructivisim
(3 points) |
- rejects the assumptions of Liberalism/Realism
- about human consciousness and its role in international life - believes you limit your possibilities by thinking things cannot change |
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What is the key belief about human behavoir in constructivisim?
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"Think outside the box!"
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The birth of the modern international system dominated by countries dates back to what historical event?
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Treaty of Westphalia, 1648
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Sovereignty
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a country that does not recognize a higher authority
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What caused the Westernization of th International System?
(2 points) |
- Industrial Revolutions
- Colonialism |
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What is the north-south axis referring to?
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The northern countries are those that are more developed and financially stable, while the southern countries are less developed, and in poverty.
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Bipolar System
(3 points) |
- 1945-1991
- Two major superpowers: + U.S. + U.S.S.R - Cold War |
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Multipolar System
(2 points) |
- 1700-1945
- designed to preserve the balance of power by preventing any single power (or combination of powers) from dominating Europe and the world |
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hegemonic power
(2 points) |
- a country that possesses influence far beyond any other country
- U.S. |
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cold war
(3 points) |
- conflict between U.S. and USSR
- caused by varying econmonic and politcal interests - era of great tensions and global division |
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containment doctrine
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- a policy of global opposition to the Soviet Union and other communist countries
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detente
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- a cold war policy involving the U.S., USSR and China that sought to open relations among countries, and ease TENSIONS
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Modified Multipolar System
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- the major countries are restrained by the regional/global alliances and treaties and international organizations
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What does the UN currently define as the system in the United States?
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Modified Multipolar System
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How many members are currently in the UN?
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193
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Are the number of UN peacekeeping missions increasing or decreasing?
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increasing
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Balance of Power Theory
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a concept that describes the degree of balance or imalance of power in the global system
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Balance of Power politics
(3 points) |
- notion that countries seek to conserve and amass power
- some countries seek to become powerful enough to dominate their region - some countries seek to counter a hegemonic drive by increasing their own power |
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What are the effects of ozone depletion and other forms of enviromental degradation?
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- Global Warming
- Droughts - Trickle down effects |
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Global Warming
(2 points) |
- caused by the burning of fossil fuels
- causes: melting of ice caps, higher average temperatures, distrupts wildlife |
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Give two examples of trickle down effects caused by global warming.
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a) melting ice caps = higher sea levels = shorelines disappear
b) warmer temperatures = warmer winters = insects do not get killed off = more pesticides |
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Chloroflorocarbons (CFCs)
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- come from refrigerants and other devices
-cause holes in the ozone layer |
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Name one problem due to CFCs.
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More holes in the ozone layer means less protection from harmful UV rays from the sun, meaning more occurances of skin cancer
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What are the three levels of analysis?
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1) Systems Level
2) State Level 3) Individual Level |
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Systems Level
(2 points) |
- looks at the big picture
- looks at all the institutional state actors in the international system |
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State Level
(3 points) |
- looks at what's going on in that country
- looks at the characteristics of country to explain what happens in the international affairs - basic types of governments |
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dichotomy
(examples?) |
one set of governments or the other
ex) Authoritarian ex) Democracy |
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Individual Level
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- focuses on what' sgoing on in the head of the country's leader
- how a person works in bounded in making decisions |
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What is bounded reality?
(4 examples) |
- limits of a leader involving making a decision
ex) not knowing all the facts ex) not knowing how other countries will react ex) intellectual/physical limits ex) Emotions (ego) |
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Unipolar System
(2 points) |
- central power establishes and enforces rules
- central power settles disputes between subordinate units |
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Tripolar System
(3 points) |
- 3 powers
- have good relations with other countries - prevent the cooperation of two other players |
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What three countries were the "powers" during the Cold War Tripolar Sytem?
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1) U.S.
2) USSR 3) China |
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Which country played the "pivotal" role during the Cold War?
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China
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pivotal role
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the country in a tripolar system that both of the other countries want to keep good relationships with
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popular soverveignty
(2 points) |
- people governing the country, instead of a dictator
- people have the power |
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The American and French revolutions challeneged what concept?
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Popular Soverveignty
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When did the American Revolution take place?
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1776
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When did the French Revolution take place?
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1789
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NATO
(3 points) |
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
- established in 1949 - created to defend its members from outside attack |
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WTO
(2 points) |
- World Trade Organization
- responsible for international trade |
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EU
(2 points) |
- European Union
- global economic organization |
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EDC
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Economically Developed Countries
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LDC
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Less Developed Countries
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IGO
(2 points) (example?) |
- InterGovernmental Organizations
- made up of countries ex) United Nations |
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NGO
(2 points) |
- Non Government Organizations
- concerned with basically every aspect of international politics |
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MNC
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- MultiNational Corporations
- money is an important source of power |
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What is the world's largest MNC?
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Microsoft
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What are the three NAFTA countries?
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1) U.S.
2) Mexico 3) Canada |
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NAFTA
(2 examples) |
- North American Free Trade Agreement
- established schedules for reducing tax and nontax barriers by trade |
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NIEO
(2 points) |
- New International Economic Order
- developed to improve the terms of trade for developing nations |
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McWorld
(2 points) |
- describes the merging of countries into an integrated world
- countries are becoming globalized |
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Nationalism
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when you want your own set of people to govern themselves
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Decentralization
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smaller countries, due to breaking apart of larger countries
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social integration
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homogenization of customs, particularly business practices, as cooperation is increased due to international trade and ease of communication is increased
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What are the UN's big 5 powers?
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1) U.S.
2) Russia 3) China 4) United Kingdom 5) France |
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Irrendentism
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when a minority population demands to join its motherland
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partide
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legal separation of races
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List four examples of direct action.
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1) Protests
2) Consumer Boycotts 3) Voting 4) Being informed |
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Group of 77
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coalition of countries formed to promote intrests of developing nations
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