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135 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Name the goals of the early government
est. justice, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, secure tranquility
What was Aristotle and the Greeks' philosophy?
Natural Law
Natural Law
doc that states human affairs should be governed by certain ethical ways
What was Reformation and Protestantism's philosophy?
Divine Right Kings VS Self Government
What was Hobbes and Lockes philosophy?
Social Contract Theory, State of Nature,
Social Contract Theory
by natural rights all individuals are free and equal; the content of all men to be governed is required
State of Nature
state of violence free will
What did Hobbs believe?
he believed that we need government to control the state of nature
What did Locke believe?
he believed that people are good and there is no need for government except to protect property
Eminent Domain
taking property for government issues
Monarchy
power is in the kings and queens
oligarchy
power is in the wealthy, status or military ruling in their own best interest
aristocracy
elite social people ruling in the interest of everyone
democracy
rooted in the consent of the people
direct democracy
everyone makes decisions of the town
indirect democracy
people are elected
liberty
principle that individuals should be free to think and act as they choose provided they do not infringe on the rights and freedoms of other
minimum wage
went up for the first time in 10 yrs; farmers and waitresses are excluded
name changing characteristics of American people
size, population and demographics
political ideology
individual, coherent set of values and beliefs about the purpose and scope of the government
name the functions of political ideology
explanations, evaluations, orientation and political program
name the types of political ideology
conservative, liberal and libertarians
conservative
less government
liberal
big government, lots of involvement
libertarians
free market economy
first colonial legislator
Virginia house of burgess
what type of economy did England have?
mercantilism
mutiny and quartering acts
forced colonists to keep soldiers in the colonists home
what were the sons of liberty thought of in response to
mutiny and quartering acts
what was the coercive act in response to?
the Boston tea party
what was the Boston tea party in response to?
the second tea tax
committees for correspondence
set for cities to keep in touch
what was the tea tax in response to?
the absence of the sugar act
what leads to the first continental congress
the coercive acts
where and when the first continental congress meet
Philadelphia in September, October 1774
who decided not to attend the continental congress?
Georgia
what was accomplished at the first continental congress?
the rights: petition and assembly, freedom to form a standing army, jury, wanted to select representative for taxing
Who was the first state to accept the independence?
Virginia
what year was the declaration of independence signed?
1776
Name the first doctrine of the government
articles of confederation
in the articles of confederation, which was more powerful, state or national government
state
under the articles of confederation, name the powers of congress
to make peace, to coin money, appoint officers for an army, control post office, negotiate with the Indians
how many people did it take for a government to pass a law?
9 out of 13
how many votes did it take to mend the articles of confederation
13 out of 13
what year was the article of confederation ratified
1781
name the problems with the articles of confederation
trade wars, government had no money to pay debt, congress had no power to tax or regulate commerce, the money had no value, congress had no ability to regulate duties or tariffs, no executive or judicial branch
shay's rebellion
farmers were promised that the farmer's land wouldn't have any mortgage payment if they served in the army
what year was the convention of the redo of the articles of confederation
1787
name the major plans proposed for the redo of the articles of confederation
Virginia plan, new jersey plan, Connecticut plan
what was the Virginia plan's for the legislative branch
a bi-cameral legislation
what was the Virginia plan for representation
it would be based on population
what was the Virginia plan for executive branch
elected by national government
what was the Virginia plan for the judicial branch
life tenure and veto power
what was the Virginia plan for the ratification of each plan
the people's vote
what was the new jersey plan for the legislative branch
one house, unicameral
what was the new jersey plan for representation
all states send an equal amount people
what was the new jersey plan for executive branch
multi person committee removable by state
what was the new jersey plan for the judicial branch
no power over states
what was the new jersey plan for the ratification of each plan
by the states
what was the Connecticut plan for the legislative branch
bi cameral including senate and house of representatives
what was the Connecticut plan for representation
house: population; senate would be equal
what was the Connecticut plan for executive branch
single person; electoral college
what was the Connecticut plan for the judicial branch
life tenure and would settle disputes between states
what was the Connecticut plan for the ratification of each plan
by the state conventions
federalism
powers between federal and state government
judicial branch
interprets law
executive branch
carries out/ enforces law
legislative branch
creates/makes law
how does the legislative branch check the executive branch
2/3 override of a veto and impeachment
how does the legislative branch check the judicial branch
impeachment of a federal judge and alter jurisdiction
how does the executive branch check the legislative branch
by vetoing bills
how does the executive branch check the judicial branch
appoints judge
how does the judicial branch check the executive and legislative branch
by ruling an act unconstitutional
supremacy clause
gives national government the upper hand
name what article I of the constitution contains
duties of the legislative branch, enumerative powers, necessary and proper clause, implied powers
how many enumerated powers are there
17
what is the necessary and proper clause
congress is able to pass any law that is necessary or proper to carry out a enumerative power
name some powers that congress has under the necessary and proper clause
ability to tax, spend and borrow money, create money
what does article II contain
the powers of the executive branch
what are the powers of the executive branch
make treaties, call meetings, report to congress
what does article III contain
the duties of the judicial branch
what article is the full faith and credit clause
article IV
what is the full faith and credit clause
requires states to honor other states laws
what article allows an admission of new states
article IV
what article allows amending of the constitution
article V
what article is the supremacy clause under
article VI
what article is ratifying the constitution under
article VII
what was the first political party
the federalists
what were the federalists goals for the constitution
they wanted it to be ratified
what were the antifederalists goals for the constitution
they wanted citizens to have a set a rights within it
name the ways to amend the constitution
2/3 vote in each chamber of congress or national constitutional convention called by 2/3 of the sates
name the ways the ratify an amendment
3/4 vote to ratify or 3/4 vote of a state constitutional convention
name the systems proposed for the constitution
federal, unitary and confederate
federal system
the people directly influence the national and state government
unitary system
people influence the white house who influences the state government
confederate system
people influence the state government who influences the white house
name the national powers of the government and interstate commerce
responsible for national defense, currency, post office, foreign affairs
name the state powers of the government
charter local governments, education, public safety, registration and voting, interstate commerce
name the concurrent powers
lend and borrow money, law enforcement, taxation, charter banks, transportation
mcculloch vs maryland
based on the government having a bank and maryland taxing it
gibbons vs ogden
one man had power of the hudson river and interstate commerce
dred scott case
taney ruled scott still a slave and called the missouri compromise of 1820 unconstitutional
name the civil war amendments 13, 14, 15
13th amendment: abolish slavery, 14th amendment: equal protection and due process of laws, 15th amendment: black men could vote
what is the new deal
moved our system from a dual federalism to a cooperation federalism
what did the new deal start
social security and unemployment
what was the first grant
land grant of 1862
name the types of grants
categorical grants, block grants and revenue sharing
categorical grants
grants for which congress gives funds for a specific purpose
block grants
funds that can be used in a broad area of policy
revenue sharing
free money to states and local government
what did LBJ do to grants?
expanded grants to state and local governments
what did Reagan do to grants?
he attempted to shrink government by ending grants as we know them today
devolution revolution
to decrease the role of government by returning responsibility to the state and local government: welfare
civil liberties
personal rights and freedoms that the federal government cannot abridge by law, constitutional or judicial interpretation
why was the bill of rights made
because anti federalists wanted to limit the power of the government
when was the bill of rights ratified
1791
what did the 14th amendment do?
allowed the us constitution to directly influence the states citizens
what did the first amendment include
freedom of religion, speech, press, right to bear arms
the establishment clause
prohibits national government to establish a national government
what is the lemon test
a law must serve a secular service, can't advance nor prohibit religion, no excessive entanglement
free exercise clause
prohibits the national government from interfering with a citizen's right to practice his or her religion
alien and sedition acts
criticism of the government is a criminal offense
clear and present danger
court checks words of speech that will bring about substantive evil that congress has the right to prevent;
direct incitement test
advocacy of illegal action is protected against unless eminent action is intended and likely to occur
lible and slander, obsenity and porn
are not protected
name the areas intended to off limits in government
birth control, abortion, homosexuality, right to die
grinswold vs connecticut
birth control
roe vs wade
abortion
lawrence vs texas
homosexuality
gonzalez vs oregan
right to die
due process rights
procedural guarantees of accused criminals
4th amendment
search warrant
5th amendment
double jeopardy
6th amendment
right to a speedy trial, counsel or attorney
8th amendment
no excessive bale or fines, cruel or unusual punishment