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135 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name the goals of the early government
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est. justice, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, secure tranquility
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What was Aristotle and the Greeks' philosophy?
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Natural Law
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Natural Law
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doc that states human affairs should be governed by certain ethical ways
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What was Reformation and Protestantism's philosophy?
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Divine Right Kings VS Self Government
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What was Hobbes and Lockes philosophy?
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Social Contract Theory, State of Nature,
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Social Contract Theory
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by natural rights all individuals are free and equal; the content of all men to be governed is required
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State of Nature
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state of violence free will
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What did Hobbs believe?
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he believed that we need government to control the state of nature
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What did Locke believe?
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he believed that people are good and there is no need for government except to protect property
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Eminent Domain
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taking property for government issues
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Monarchy
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power is in the kings and queens
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oligarchy
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power is in the wealthy, status or military ruling in their own best interest
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aristocracy
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elite social people ruling in the interest of everyone
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democracy
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rooted in the consent of the people
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direct democracy
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everyone makes decisions of the town
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indirect democracy
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people are elected
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liberty
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principle that individuals should be free to think and act as they choose provided they do not infringe on the rights and freedoms of other
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minimum wage
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went up for the first time in 10 yrs; farmers and waitresses are excluded
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name changing characteristics of American people
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size, population and demographics
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political ideology
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individual, coherent set of values and beliefs about the purpose and scope of the government
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name the functions of political ideology
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explanations, evaluations, orientation and political program
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name the types of political ideology
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conservative, liberal and libertarians
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conservative
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less government
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liberal
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big government, lots of involvement
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libertarians
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free market economy
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first colonial legislator
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Virginia house of burgess
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what type of economy did England have?
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mercantilism
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mutiny and quartering acts
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forced colonists to keep soldiers in the colonists home
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what were the sons of liberty thought of in response to
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mutiny and quartering acts
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what was the coercive act in response to?
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the Boston tea party
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what was the Boston tea party in response to?
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the second tea tax
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committees for correspondence
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set for cities to keep in touch
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what was the tea tax in response to?
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the absence of the sugar act
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what leads to the first continental congress
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the coercive acts
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where and when the first continental congress meet
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Philadelphia in September, October 1774
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who decided not to attend the continental congress?
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Georgia
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what was accomplished at the first continental congress?
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the rights: petition and assembly, freedom to form a standing army, jury, wanted to select representative for taxing
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Who was the first state to accept the independence?
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Virginia
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what year was the declaration of independence signed?
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1776
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Name the first doctrine of the government
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articles of confederation
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in the articles of confederation, which was more powerful, state or national government
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state
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under the articles of confederation, name the powers of congress
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to make peace, to coin money, appoint officers for an army, control post office, negotiate with the Indians
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how many people did it take for a government to pass a law?
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9 out of 13
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how many votes did it take to mend the articles of confederation
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13 out of 13
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what year was the article of confederation ratified
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1781
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name the problems with the articles of confederation
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trade wars, government had no money to pay debt, congress had no power to tax or regulate commerce, the money had no value, congress had no ability to regulate duties or tariffs, no executive or judicial branch
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shay's rebellion
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farmers were promised that the farmer's land wouldn't have any mortgage payment if they served in the army
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what year was the convention of the redo of the articles of confederation
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1787
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name the major plans proposed for the redo of the articles of confederation
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Virginia plan, new jersey plan, Connecticut plan
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what was the Virginia plan's for the legislative branch
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a bi-cameral legislation
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what was the Virginia plan for representation
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it would be based on population
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what was the Virginia plan for executive branch
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elected by national government
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what was the Virginia plan for the judicial branch
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life tenure and veto power
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what was the Virginia plan for the ratification of each plan
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the people's vote
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what was the new jersey plan for the legislative branch
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one house, unicameral
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what was the new jersey plan for representation
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all states send an equal amount people
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what was the new jersey plan for executive branch
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multi person committee removable by state
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what was the new jersey plan for the judicial branch
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no power over states
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what was the new jersey plan for the ratification of each plan
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by the states
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what was the Connecticut plan for the legislative branch
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bi cameral including senate and house of representatives
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what was the Connecticut plan for representation
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house: population; senate would be equal
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what was the Connecticut plan for executive branch
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single person; electoral college
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what was the Connecticut plan for the judicial branch
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life tenure and would settle disputes between states
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what was the Connecticut plan for the ratification of each plan
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by the state conventions
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federalism
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powers between federal and state government
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judicial branch
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interprets law
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executive branch
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carries out/ enforces law
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legislative branch
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creates/makes law
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how does the legislative branch check the executive branch
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2/3 override of a veto and impeachment
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how does the legislative branch check the judicial branch
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impeachment of a federal judge and alter jurisdiction
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how does the executive branch check the legislative branch
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by vetoing bills
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how does the executive branch check the judicial branch
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appoints judge
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how does the judicial branch check the executive and legislative branch
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by ruling an act unconstitutional
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supremacy clause
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gives national government the upper hand
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name what article I of the constitution contains
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duties of the legislative branch, enumerative powers, necessary and proper clause, implied powers
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how many enumerated powers are there
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17
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what is the necessary and proper clause
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congress is able to pass any law that is necessary or proper to carry out a enumerative power
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name some powers that congress has under the necessary and proper clause
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ability to tax, spend and borrow money, create money
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what does article II contain
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the powers of the executive branch
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what are the powers of the executive branch
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make treaties, call meetings, report to congress
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what does article III contain
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the duties of the judicial branch
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what article is the full faith and credit clause
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article IV
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what is the full faith and credit clause
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requires states to honor other states laws
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what article allows an admission of new states
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article IV
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what article allows amending of the constitution
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article V
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what article is the supremacy clause under
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article VI
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what article is ratifying the constitution under
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article VII
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what was the first political party
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the federalists
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what were the federalists goals for the constitution
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they wanted it to be ratified
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what were the antifederalists goals for the constitution
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they wanted citizens to have a set a rights within it
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name the ways to amend the constitution
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2/3 vote in each chamber of congress or national constitutional convention called by 2/3 of the sates
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name the ways the ratify an amendment
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3/4 vote to ratify or 3/4 vote of a state constitutional convention
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name the systems proposed for the constitution
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federal, unitary and confederate
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federal system
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the people directly influence the national and state government
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unitary system
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people influence the white house who influences the state government
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confederate system
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people influence the state government who influences the white house
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name the national powers of the government and interstate commerce
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responsible for national defense, currency, post office, foreign affairs
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name the state powers of the government
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charter local governments, education, public safety, registration and voting, interstate commerce
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name the concurrent powers
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lend and borrow money, law enforcement, taxation, charter banks, transportation
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mcculloch vs maryland
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based on the government having a bank and maryland taxing it
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gibbons vs ogden
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one man had power of the hudson river and interstate commerce
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dred scott case
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taney ruled scott still a slave and called the missouri compromise of 1820 unconstitutional
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name the civil war amendments 13, 14, 15
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13th amendment: abolish slavery, 14th amendment: equal protection and due process of laws, 15th amendment: black men could vote
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what is the new deal
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moved our system from a dual federalism to a cooperation federalism
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what did the new deal start
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social security and unemployment
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what was the first grant
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land grant of 1862
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name the types of grants
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categorical grants, block grants and revenue sharing
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categorical grants
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grants for which congress gives funds for a specific purpose
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block grants
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funds that can be used in a broad area of policy
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revenue sharing
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free money to states and local government
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what did LBJ do to grants?
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expanded grants to state and local governments
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what did Reagan do to grants?
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he attempted to shrink government by ending grants as we know them today
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devolution revolution
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to decrease the role of government by returning responsibility to the state and local government: welfare
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civil liberties
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personal rights and freedoms that the federal government cannot abridge by law, constitutional or judicial interpretation
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why was the bill of rights made
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because anti federalists wanted to limit the power of the government
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when was the bill of rights ratified
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1791
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what did the 14th amendment do?
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allowed the us constitution to directly influence the states citizens
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what did the first amendment include
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freedom of religion, speech, press, right to bear arms
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the establishment clause
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prohibits national government to establish a national government
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what is the lemon test
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a law must serve a secular service, can't advance nor prohibit religion, no excessive entanglement
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free exercise clause
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prohibits the national government from interfering with a citizen's right to practice his or her religion
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alien and sedition acts
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criticism of the government is a criminal offense
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clear and present danger
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court checks words of speech that will bring about substantive evil that congress has the right to prevent;
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direct incitement test
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advocacy of illegal action is protected against unless eminent action is intended and likely to occur
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lible and slander, obsenity and porn
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are not protected
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name the areas intended to off limits in government
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birth control, abortion, homosexuality, right to die
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grinswold vs connecticut
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birth control
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roe vs wade
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abortion
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lawrence vs texas
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homosexuality
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gonzalez vs oregan
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right to die
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due process rights
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procedural guarantees of accused criminals
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4th amendment
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search warrant
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5th amendment
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double jeopardy
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6th amendment
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right to a speedy trial, counsel or attorney
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8th amendment
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no excessive bale or fines, cruel or unusual punishment
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