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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 characteristics of a complex system
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1. diverse entities
2. connected in some way 3. interdependent 4. adaptive |
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Diverse
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species, firms, people, etc.
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connectedness
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e.g: geographically: if 2 stores are next to each other in a mall
if 2 websites come up in the same google search, etc |
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interdependence
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bump into each other in meaningful ways
e.g) coke and pepsi bottles and the new plastic bottle |
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Adapt
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makes it alive
e.g) mcdonalds getting criticism for unhealthy food--> make apple dippers |
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what can happen to a complex system
5 things |
mutation and selection
emergence robustness ohase transition large events |
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mutation and selection
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e.g) bird: radiation in beak size--so can eat stuff in ecosystem
selection: dodo bird--1598, there are tons of them 1690 they are all gone |
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phenomena and emergence
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organization with simple parts but emergent whole
e.g) brain: tons of neurons one neuron is no big deal but connection between them all is huge what they all do together (emergent) is amazing Ann arbor is a city with more thn just people in it |
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Robustness
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not robust clock: there are lots of parts- if one part missing, the whole thing will fall apart (therefore not robust
robust brain: when woodriff lost part of his brain the whole head reform part of the brain |
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phase transition
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the tipping point to push homeostasis out
e.g) lake clean lake: nitrogen in lawn seep into lake and make algae grow fish eat algae, and there is lots of biodiversity if add more nitrogen: becomes too much for fish to eat when adding nitrogen will be fine until all of a sudden there is a change--> non-linear science |
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large events
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1 thing triggers a huge set of events
stock market crashes and the man going back through secutrity because he forgot his camera: entire airport close |
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complicated
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elements are independent
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complex--scott page book
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elements are dependent
get rid of 1 element-system will fall but can be robust and overcome change in low levels non-linear connectedness: hard to decompose |
