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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is popular sovereignty? |
The people hold ultimate political power |
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What are the two types of popular sovereignty? |
Roman - power rests with people, but they consent to form of government Athenian - the people themselves are the government (direct democracy) |
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What is John Locke's concept of natural law and what does it prohibit? |
No Government, law of nature - it is wrong to harm others in their life, health, liberty, or property |
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3 elements of Ideal of Equality |
1) equality under the law 2) equality within the political process 3) equality of opportunity |
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How are Equality, Rights/Liberties, and Popular Sovereignty expressed in the Declaration of Independence? |
All men are endowed by their creator with certain inalienable rights, all men are created equal |
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Stamp Act Congress Argument |
It is impossible for Americans to send a representative to Parliament, so therefore they cannot be taxed |
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Justification for Independence |
Declaration of Independence - all men possess certain rights - governments are created to secure rights - governments derive power from the governed - when the government becomes destructive, the people have the right to alter/abolish it |
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Grievances against British Government in Declaration of Independence |
Rights - denied trial by jury - trials moved to England - cut off international trade Powers without consent - standing armies - taxation |
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Provisions of Articles of Confederation in terms of structure and power |
Structure - 1 branch (Congress); each state allowed 2-7 delegates but one vote Powers - war for all states; negotiate treaties (not interfering with foreign trade); resolve state disputes; regulate value of federal and state currency |
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Problems with the Articles of Confederation |
Lacked power to: - Tax - Enforce federal laws - Regulate inter-state commerce |
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How was the issue of representation in Congress resolved at the Constitutional Convention? |
3/5 Compromise |
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How were issues relating to slavery dealt with at the Constitutional Convention? |
The slave trade was not prohibited, and nothing could be passed against it until 1808 |
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Basic methods of selection for offices in original Constitution |
People elect the House and the State Legislature. The State Legislature elects the Senate The people and the Senate elect the President |
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Process by which the Constitution can be amended |
2/3 approval in House 2/3 approval in Senate 3/4 approval in states |
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Anti-Fed case for why the Constitution will create a nationalist system |
1) "We the people..." 2) new powers given to gov: - taxation (including import/export) - raise army + nationalize state militias - make all laws "necessary and proper" - National Supremacy Clause |
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Anti-Fed case for why the Constitution would not create a democratic government |
1) people don't have full control over government: no direct elections, long terms in office 2) full/equal representation - no more than 1 House member for every 30k populace - 2 senators per state - 3/5 Compromise gives slave owners more representation |
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Federalist defense of national powers |
1) more powers are needed to preserve the union 2) Constitution is partly nationalist, but partly Federalist as well - House is national (directly elected by people) - Senate is federal (elected by state legislature) |
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Federalist defense against need for Bill of Rights |
Not necessary + potentially dangerous - rights are a state issue so the federal government lacks the power to interfere - Bill of Rights must be limited, and any right not listed is something that can be interfered with |
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Federalist defense to popular sovereignty arguments from Anti-Feds |
The Constitution is rooted in popular sovereignty, but a democratic government isn't as effective as a republican government - Constitution lays out forms/powers of government, people must consent - long terms of office allows holders to gain experience; no liberty without independence (judges) - indirect elections lead to more qualified people in office - number of House Reps happy medium, 2 senators keep, 3/5 clause necessary compromise |
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Federalist version of popular sovereignty |
Roman |
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Anti-Federalist version of popular sovereignty |
Athenian |
