Polisci Exam 2

Front 1

Political culture

Back 1

Popularly held beliefs of the relationship between the people and politicians, and the people and none another

Front 2

Political socialization

Back 2

Process of political culture being given to those who do not have it, like children or immigrants

Front 3

Agents of socialization

Back 3

Those who give the political culture to others

Front 4

Primary groups

Back 4

Groups with which an individual has regular contact

Front 5

Secondary group

Back 5

Group with which an individual has semi-regular contact

Front 6

Probability sampling

Back 6

Poll which is given to all individuals equally

Front 7

Probably sampling

Back 7

A poll in which all members of a target population have an equal chance of being polled.

Front 8

Benchmark poll

Back 8

Poll conducted early in a campaign to test name recognition, public image, and electoral prospects of a candidate.

Front 9

Preference poll

Back 9

Gives a list of of candidates and asks which is preferred

Front 10

Focus group

Back 10

Small, picked group of people led through an in - depth discussion

Front 11

Exit poll

Back 11

Poll of voters after they have cast their votes

Front 12

Push poll

Back 12

Poll meant to sway people being polled

Front 13

Seditious libel

Back 13

Belief by the British and early americansthat criticism of public figures which harm the prestige of the government is punishable.

Front 14

Partisan press

Back 14

Press in the early 19th century. Meant as propaganda for a party, not to inform the reader.

Front 15

Penny press

Back 15

Papers for the common people sold on the street in the early 19th century

Front 16

Muckraking tradition

Back 16

Progressive journalism in the late 19th century which tried to uncover political and corporate corruption

Front 17

Inverted pyramid model

Back 17

The idea that the most important information Is presented first, followed by less and less important information

Front 18

Freedom of information act

Back 18

Passed in 1966, lets the public have access to most kinds of government information

Front 19

Education effect of the media

Back 19

The public learns what is talked about by the media

Front 20

Agenda - setting affect of of the media

Back 20

The media coverage of a topic raises public awareness of it.

Front 21

Framing effect of the media

Back 21

How the media frames the story tris to affect the people's opinions on what is right and wrong

Front 22

Persuasion effect of media

Back 22

Media can change the populations opinion on a subject

Front 23

Interest group

Back 23

Organization with shared ideals which try to influence society and government

Front 24

Pluralism

Back 24

Belief that the interstate group structure is good

Front 25

Elitism

Back 25

Belief that the interest group system is bad

Front 26

Peak associations

Back 26

Represent the general interests of business

Front 27

Trade associations

Back 27

Associations with members of a similar business

Front 28

McCain-Feingold

Back 28

Campaign finance reform passed in 2003 to limit the impact of soft money on federal elections

Front 29

Lobbyist

Back 29

Hired agents who seek to influence government decision making in ways that benefit or limit harm to their clients.

Front 30

Inside strategy

Back 30

Lobbying strategy involving talking directly to officials or their staff

Front 31

Outside strategy

Back 31

Lobbying strategy involving getting the public to influence officials

Front 32

Litigation

Back 32

Bringing a case to court to get a benefit or avoid an adverse charge

Front 33

Referendum

Back 33

A legal or constution device that allows state and local governments to put questions directly to the voters.

Front 34

Recall

Back 34

A legal or constitutional device that allows voters to remove an offensive office holder before their term ends.

Front 35

Party in electorate

Back 35

Members of the public who associate with a party

Front 36

Party organizatiom

Back 36

The permanent offices of a party

Front 37

Party in government

Back 37

Officeholders, both elected and appoikted, who are under the banner of a party.

Front 38

Presidential success

Back 38

A report of the ratio of presidential positions which were supported by congressional vote.

Front 39

Duverger's law

Back 39

Law which says that majoritarian systems produce two parties, while a proportional representation system produces many parties.

Front 40

Minor party

Back 40

A party that raises issues, but has little chance of winning.