Podiatry- Lecture 10: Midtarsal And Ankle Joints

Front 1

The midtarsal joint consists of two joints. Name these two joints.

Back 1

Talonavicular joint
Calcaneocuboid joint

Front 2

The function of the MTJ occurs via two common axes, what are these two axis?

Back 2

1. Longitudinal axis
2. Oblique axis

Front 3

A)What type of joint is the talonavicular joint?

B)Are the medial and lareral diamentions greater than superior to inferior? (True/False)

Back 3

A) Ball and socket joint

B) True

Front 4

A)What type of joint is the Calcaneocuboid joint?
B)Is the the joint convex/concave medial to lateral?
C) Is the joint convex/concave dorsal to plantar?

Back 4

A) Saddle shaped joint
B) Convex medial to lateral
C) Concave dorsal to plantar

Front 5

Name the 4 ligaments that provide stability to the MTJ.
(Note: one ligament has 2 parts)

Back 5

1. Plantar calcaneocuboid lig.
2. Long plantar lig.
3. Calcaneonavicular (spring) lig.
4. Bifurcate lig:
a) Calcaneonavicular lig.
b) Calcaneocuboid lig.

Front 6

A)The average MTJ axis of motion of the longitudinal axis is how many degrees from the sagittal plane?
B)How many degrees from the transverse plane?
C)Predominant motion occurs in what plane?

Back 6

A) 9 degrees from sagittal plane
B) 15 degrees from transverse plane
C) Predominantly frontal plane motion

Front 7

A) The average MTJ axis of motion of the oblique axis is how many degrees from the sagittal plane?
B)How many degrees from the transverse plane?
C)Predominant motion occurs in what 2 planes?

Back 7

A) 57 degrees from sagittal plane
B) 52 degrees from transverse plane
C) Predominantly sagittal and transverse plane

Front 8

The axes of motion in the MTJ in CKC Pronation occurs in what 3 motions?
(Note: include motions on forefoot or rearfoot)

Back 8

CKC pronation-
P-plantar flexion- RF/FF
Ad-adduction - RF/FF
E- eversion - FF/RF

Front 9

The axes of moton in the MTJ of CKC Supination occurs in what 3 motions?
(Note: include motions on forefoot or rearfoot)

Back 9

CKC supination-
D-dorsi flexion- RF/FF
Ab- abduction-RF/FF
I-inversion-FF/RF

Front 10

The axes of motion in the MTJ of OKC Pronation occurs in what 3 motions?
(Note: include motions of forefoot or rearfoot)

Back 10

OKC pronation-
D-dorsiflexion- FF/RF
E-eversion- FF/RF
Ab-abduction-FF/RF

Front 11

The axes of motion in the MTJ of OKC Supination occurs in what 3 motions?
(Note: include motions of forefoot or rearfoot)

Back 11

OKC supination-
P-plantarflexion-FF/RF
I-inversion-FF/RF
Ad-adduction-FF/RF

Front 12

Axes of motion for MTJ:
When OA is greater than 52 degrees from transverse plane, more transverse plane motion will occur.
What are the four major results for this?

Back 12

1. Increased Add of the RF/FF.
2. Medially displaces the leg above the foot.
3. Increased pronation.
4. Difficult to control with a functional orthosis due to the transverse plane motion.

Front 13

Who describes the following interrelationship of the MTJ axes: When parallel to each other, they have maximal motion, when convergent, they have proportionally less motion.

Back 13

Elftman describes the MTJ relationship.

Front 14

STJ pronation decreses MTJ motion, making the foot flexible.
True/False

Back 14

False. STJ pronation INCREASES MTJ motion, making the foot flexible.

Front 15

STJ supination increases MTJ motion, making the foot rigid.
True/False

Back 15

False. STJ supination DECREASES MTJ motion, making the foot rigid.

Front 16

In a __________ foot, a fully pronated MTJ at both axeslocks the Ffoot on the Rfoot with the plantar surface of the Ffoot parallel to the Rfoot.

Back 16

"Normal" foot

Front 17

In phase of the gait does the inital MTJ longitudinal axis supinate and oblique axis pronate. Then, with Ffoot loading, pronation occurs at both axes?

Back 17

Contact phase

Front 18

During ____________ the STJ is neutral and MTJ is max pronated at both axes. Oblique axis starts to supinate with STJ supinated at the end of ___________, just prior to heel lift.

Back 18

Midstance

Front 19

During propulsion, what motion do each of the following axes do:
1) Longitudinal axis
2) Oblique axis

Back 19

1) LA remains max pronated
2) OA supinates

Front 20

ROM is almost impossible to measure clinically, however it is categorised into what three areas?

Back 20

-Normal
-Hypermobile
-Restricted

Front 21

From MTJ research, the Calcaneocuboid and Talonavicular joint should be considered as separate joints?
True/False

Back 21

True

Front 22

In terms of MTJ research,does the MTJ axes continually move during gait? Yes/No

Back 22

Yes

Front 23

From MTJ research, findings indicate that motion between the cuboid and _____________ could be significant.

Back 23

Navicular

Front 24

Research has found that in functional terms, the STJ, CC and TN cannot be separated. True/False

Back 24

True

Front 25

Current research on MTJ suggests that single axis of motion may be less kinematically sound. True/False

Back 25

False. Current research on MTJ suggests that single axis of motion may be MORE kinematically sound.

Front 26

What is the articulation between the superior aspect of the talus, distral to tibia and fibula called?

Back 26

Ankle mortice

Front 27

What is the main role of the syndesmosis between the tib and fib?

Back 27

Holds the talus in place

Front 28

Talar trochlea is ___________ anteriorly and _________ medially.

Back 28

Wider anteriorly and curved medially.

Front 29

The deltoid ligament is composed of three parts. Name the three ligs.
Hint: one lig has two parts.

Back 29

1. Tibiotalar lig.
a) anterior tibiotalar
b) posterior tibiotalar
2. Tibiocalcaneal lig.
3. Tibionavicular lig.

Front 30

In regards to the ankle joint, the lateral are made up of what three ligaments?

Back 30

1. Anterior talofibular lig.
2. Posterior talofibular lig.
3. Calcaneofibular lig.

Front 31

The axis of mation of the ankle joint is made up of movement in what two planes?

Back 31

Frontal plane and Transverse plane.

Front 32

Ankle joint: How many degrees is the axis from the frontal plane?

Back 32

Axis is 8 degrees from frontal plane

Front 33

Ankle joint: How many degrees is the axis from the transverse plane?

Back 33

Axis is 15 degrees from transverse plane

Front 34

Ankle joint motion consists predominantly of PF and DF, but with ______ and _______ respectively.

Back 34

ADduction and ABduction RESPECTIVELY.

Front 35

Research of the ankle joint shows that the axis moves during gait like a wobbly axle on a wheel. True/False.

Back 35

True.

Front 36

What term is implied when the angle between the foot and the leg is less than 90 degrees?

Back 36

"Dorsiflexed"

Front 37

What term is implied when the angle between the foot and the leg is greater than 90 degrees?

Back 37

"Plantarflexed"

Front 38

What is the minimum range of ankle joint motion for ambulation?

Back 38

10 degrees dorsiflexion and 20 degrees plantarflexion.

Front 39

Motion of the AJ in gait: What phase occurs when the AJ starts to PF from 5 degrees DF to 10 degrees PF midway through contact. From here is DF?

Back 39

Heel contact

Front 40

At the start of __________, the AJ is 5 degrees PF, and plantarflexes until 10 degrees PF is reached at end of phase.

Back 40

Midstance

Front 41

In what phase of the gait does the heel lift and toe PF occur?
How many degrees occurs at toe PF?

Back 41

Propulsion. 20 degrees occurs at toe plantarflexion during toe off.

Front 42

Anle joint motion in gait: Rapid DF to 5 degrees DF allows foot clearance in ________ phase.

Back 42

Swing phase