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45 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what are the main cells which produce IL-4?
TH2
what is the function of IL-4 (3)
1. proliferation of B cells, thymocytes, and mast cells
2. activation and differentiation of B cells
3. help B cells switch to IgE production
what is the main cell in the production of IL-2?
CD4 T-cells
what is the function of IL-2?
causes proliferation of T-cells
what is the main cell in the production of IL-5?
TH2
what is the function of IL-5? (2)
1. B cell proliferation
2. Helps B cells switch to IgE production
what cells are active in the production of INF-gamma? (3)
1. TH1
2. CD8
3. NK cells
what are the direct actions of IFN-gamma? (2)
inhibits IL-4...
1. which stops B-cell proliferation, activation, and differentation
2. stops isotype switching to IgE
what are the two indirect actions of IFN-gamma?
1. stimulates macrophages to produce IL-12
2. stimulates TH1 cells to produce IL-2, IFN-gamma, and TNF-beta
what inflammatory cytokines do activated macrophages produce? (3)
Il-1, IL-6, TNF
what antiviral cytokine do macrophages produce?
IFN-alpha
what cytokine do macrophages produce which activates NK cells and TH1 cell to promote TH2 cell differentiation?
IL-12
what is the cytokine produced by TH1 cells which activates macrophages?
IFN-gamma
what two cell types produce cytokines which stimulate hematopoiesis?
1. TH1
2. macrophages
what are the cytokines that cause hematopoiesis?
M-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-3, IL-5
describe the cascade that allows TH1 cells to induce cytokine production by TH cells?
1. TH1 produces IFN-gamma
2. stimulates macrophages to produce IL-12
3. IL-12 activates TH cells tp produce IFN-gamma, TNF, IL-2, etc...
what cells produce IL-12?
macrophages and dendritic cells
what cells produce IL-6?
macrophages and endothelial cells
what is the function of IL-6?
induces compliment activation and starts B-cell proliferation and differentiation
what cells produce IFN-alpha?
macrophages
what is the function of IFN-alpha? (3)
1. antiviral
2. increased MHC class I expression
3. activates NK cells
what produces INF-beta?
fibroblasts
what is the function of INF-beta?
same as INF-alpha
what inhibits B and T cells differentiation and proliferation, but stimulates isotype switching to IgA?
TGF-beta
class I receptors bind which kind of cytokines?
hematopoietin cytokines
class I receptors bind which kind of cytokines?
interferon cytokines
most of IL-2 through IL-15 bind to which class receptor?
class I hematopoietin receptors
most of IL-19 through IL-29 bind to which receptor class?
class I interferon receptors
what is the biological pathway through which most Class I and II cytokine receptors effect gene transcription?
JAK/STATE pathway
what are the 3 cells which produce IL-3?
macrophages and both types of CD4 T cells
what is the function of IL-3?
stem cell and myeloid progenitor growth promoter
what are the pro-inflammatory cytokines?
IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha
what are the cytokines produced by TH1 cells? (3)
1. IL-2
2. IFN-gamma
3. TNF-alpha and beta
what are the cytokines produced by TH2 cells?(6)
1. IL-4
2. IL-5
3. IL-6
4. IL-10
5. IL-13
6. TGF-beta
what other cells can produce type II cytokines?
activated CD8 T cells
what two cells differentiation is activated by TGF-beta?
1. T-reg cells
2. Th17 cells
what cytokines activate differentiation of Th1 cells? (2)
1. IL-12
2. IFN-gamma
what cytokines activate differentiation in Th2 cells? (1)
1. IL-4
what are the 3 kinds of signals delivered by APCs?
1. Antigen/MHC II causes activation
2. B7 activates T cell CD21 which causes survival
3. Cytokines IL-6, IL-12, and TGF-beta cause differentiation
what cell produces inhibitory cytokines for TH1 and TH2 cells?
T-reg cells
what is the cytokine produced by T-reg cells that inhibits TH1 and TH2 cells?
TGF-beta
what inhibitory cytokine do activated TH1 cells secrete?
IFN-gamma
what two cells does IFN-gamma inhibit?
1. TH2 cells
2. Th17 cells
what regulatory cytokines do TH2 cells secrete when they are activated?
TGF-beta and IL-10
what two cells are inhibited by regulatory cells from TH2 cells?
1. TH1 cells
2. Th17 cells (inhibited by IL-4 which is secreted by TH2 cells)