Pod Antigen Recognition Tlymphocytes Ch 3 Parham Bigley

Front 1

How many variable and constant domains do the T cell recepotors and Immunoglobulins have.

Back 1

They each have two of each

Front 2

How many binding sites do immunoglobulinis have? What about TCR?

Back 2

BCR=2
TCR=1

Front 3

What is TCR expressed with?

Back 3

CD3 molecules

Front 4

What are the two groups of CD3 molecules? Which is used most often? Which has an unknown function?

Back 4

(Υ,δ) & (α,β)
(α,β)
(Υ,δ)

Front 5

What is BCR expressed with?

Back 5

Igα:Igβ

Front 6

Are the following statements referring to TCR or BCR?
Generated through somatic recomb via combination of different gene segments (RAG-1 and RAG-2),
junctional diversity due to P and N nucleotides,
and combination of two different chains

Back 6

Both TCR and BCR

Front 7

Are the following statements referring to TCR or BCR?
Bind epitopes on intact molecules including prtoteins, carbs, and lipids.

Back 7

BCR

Front 8

Are the following statements referring to TCR or BCR?
Binds peptide antigens that are bound to glycoproteins called MHC molecules

Back 8

TCR

Front 9

Are the following statements referring to TCR or BCR?
After the cell is stimulated with antigen, there is no further mutation in the antigen-binding site and tere is not switching of constant-region isotype.

Back 9

TCR

Front 10

Are the following statements referring to TCR or BCR?
Genes encoding the receptor remain unchanged after antigen stimulation

Back 10

TCR

Front 11

Contains only V and J domains

Back 11

TCR: α chain
BCR: Light Chain

Front 12

Contains V, J and D domains

Back 12

TCR: β chain
BCR: Heavy Chain

Front 13

Where does gene rearrangement occur during T cell development?

Back 13

Thymus

Front 14

One cause of SCID's (B and T lymphocytes are equally absent)

Back 14

RAG genes don't work properly.

Front 15

Upon transcription, the primary RNA transcript is spliced to remove the introns and is processed to give:

Back 15

mRNA

Front 16

Do the following statments refer to TCR or BCR:
Receptors are heterodimeric glycoproteins in which each polypeptide chain consists of a V and a C domain, resembles Fab fragment.

Back 16

TCR

Front 17

Do the following statments refer to TCR or BCR:
Cell receptors serve only as cell surface receptors, use other molc for effector fx, affinity does not chg after encountering an antigen, constant region is simple and doesn't switch isotypes, associated with CD3 complex proteins.

Back 17

TotallyTCR

Front 18

Does somatic hypermutation occur in TCR, BCR or both?

Back 18

BCR only. This is important for increased antigen affinity and for generating effector function

Front 19

Where are BCR's generated?

Back 19

Bone marrow

Front 20

BCR or TCR, which has no effector function?

Back 20

TCR

Front 21

How many antigen binding sites does dimeric IgA have?

Back 21

4

Front 22

how many antigen binding sites does pentameric IgM have?

Back 22

10

Front 23

Which chain determines the effector functions of the antibody?

Back 23

heavy

Front 24

Which gene segment is most complex, V, D or J?

Back 24

V

Front 25

TCR or BCR: Which has more possible J segments? Reasons why?

Back 25

TCR
Possibly to make up for a lack of somatic hypermutation

Front 26

What do T cells secrete? What do they use for their effector fxs?

Back 26

Cytokines, they use other molecules for their effector fxs

Front 27

What will be the outcome of a CD8 T cell and a virus-infected cell?

Back 27

They will come into contact and result in a dead virus-infected cell

Front 28

What will be the outcome of a CD4 T-H 1 cell and a macrophage w/ phagocytosed bacteria?

Back 28

The CD4 cell will secrete cytokines, which increase the microbial powers of the macrophage and its secretion of inflammatory cytokines.

Front 29

CD4 T-H 2 cell and a B cell w/ bound w/ its specific antigen?

Back 29

The make contact and the CD4 cell secretes cytokines, causing the B cell to differentiate to become a antibody-secreting plasma cell

Front 30

Stim B cells to make antibodies:
Activate tissue macrophages to phagocytose & kill extracellular pathogens:
Kill cells thave have become infected with virus:

Back 30

CD4 TH2
CD4 TH1
CD8

Front 31

MHC Class I vs II
Which is presents cytosolic antigen to CD8?

Back 31

Class I

Front 32

MHC Class I vs II
Which presents extracellular antigens to CD4?

Back 32

Class II

Front 33

MHC Class I vs II
Two membrane bound chains, each with two extracellular domains.

Back 33

Class II

Front 34

MHC Class I vs II
One membrane bound chain, one heavy chain (w/ 3 extracellular domains) and a β2 microglobulin noncovalently bound

Back 34

Class I

Front 35

MHC Class I or Class II
α chain moleclues

Back 35

Class I

Front 36

MHC Class I or Class II
Length of peptides bound is limited, and usually 9

Back 36

class I

Front 37

MHC Class I or Class II
Longer and more variable length

Back 37

class II

Front 38

MHC Class I or Class II
Peptides derived from the degradation of intracellular pathogens are formed in the cytosol and delivered to the ER where MHC class _____ molecules bind peptides.

Back 38

class I

Front 39

MHC Class I or Class II
Extracellular microorganisms and protiens are taken up by cells via phagocytosis and endocytosis, degraded in the lysosome and thoer vessels, where MHC class ____ molecules bind peptides

Back 39

class II

Front 40

Which is more specific in what it binds, MHC molecules or TCR/BCR?

Back 40

TCR/BCR
MHC has degenerate binding specificity

Front 41

A large barrel-shaped protein complex where proteins in the cytosol are degraded

Back 41

Proteasome

Front 42

Most polymorph class I molecules (ie which have the most allotypes)?

Back 42

HLA-A
HLA-B
HLA-C

Front 43

MHC Class I or Class II
The most polymorphic parts of the α chain are the regions of the α1 & α2 domains that bind antigenic peptides and TCR

Back 43

Class I

Front 44

MHC Class I or Class II
The region of the MCH molcule which bind TCR is comprised of the outer surfaces of the α helices of α1 and α2

Back 44

Class I

Front 45

MHC Class I or Class II
The α chain encoded by the MHC __ gene. antigen binding site formed by α1 and α2 domains

Back 45

Class I

Front 46

Virtually all cells of the body express this class of MHC molecules constitutively except for the erythrocyte.

Back 46

MHC class i

Front 47

Constitutively expressed on only a few cell types which are cells of the immune system secialized for the uptake, processing, and presentation of antigents from environment.

Back 47

MHC class II

Front 48

Three Professional Antigen Presenting Cells

Back 48

Dendritic cells (presentation and T cells activation)
Macrophages (phago and endocytosis)
B cells (internalize specific/bound antigens)

Front 49

What can induce the expression of MHC class II molecules on some cell types that do not normally produce them?

Back 49

Interferon-Υ

Front 50

What are the three antigen binding molecules?

Back 50

Immunoglobulins, T cells, MHC molecules

Front 51

HLA or
Human Leukocyte Anitgen Complex is simply the:

Back 51

human MHC

Front 52

In MHC molecules
the first component is:
the second component is:

Back 52

1st: Gene family
2nd: Genetic Polymorphs

Front 53

What are the 6 MHC class I isotypes. Which have the most polymorphs?

Back 53

HLA-A, B, C, E, F, G
AB&C

Front 54

What are the 5 MHC class II isotypes?
What regions have the greatest polymorphs?

Back 54

HLA-DM, DO, DP, DQ, DR
Antigen binding groove α1 and β1 domains

Front 55

On class II MHC molecules which domains interact with TCR?

Back 55

α1 and β1 domains

Front 56

MHC class I or class II
hertodimers composed of one α and one β chain
Extracellular domains:α1 & α2 domains and β1 and β2 domains
Transmembrane and cytoplasmic tail domains for each chain

Back 56

Class II

Front 57

The HLA complex is on chromosome 6
Do MHC class I and II genes occupy the same or different regions of the MHC? What chromosome is the β2-microglobulin from on the light chain of class I?

Back 57

Different, they are separated by the class III region (central MHC)
Chromosome 15

Front 58

Refers to the presence of multiple MHC class I and class II genes-encoding a set of structurally and similar proteins with similar functions.

Back 58

Polygeny

Front 59

The presence of mulitple alleles of most of the MHC class I and class II genes

Back 59

MHC Polymorphism
MHC polymorphism affects the binding and presentation of peptide antigens to T cells

Front 60

MHC diversity is due to natural selection by infections caused by pathogens. Why is this beneficial?

Back 60

This is beneficial so that they can contribute different peptide-binding specificities, allowing a greater number of pathogen derived peptides to be presented during any infection.

Front 61

What aids in assembly and peptide loading of MHC class I molecules in the ER?

Back 61

Chaperones

Front 62

Do class I or class II MHC genes rearrange?

Back 62

No

Front 63

_________ have highly degenerate binding sites for peptides.

Back 63

MHC molecules
So they can present a diversity of peptide antigens to a large number of T cell receptors with highly specific binding sites.

Front 64

The particular combination of HLA alleles found on a given chromosome 6 is known as:

Back 64

Haplotype
Millions of different HLA isoforms combinations are represented in the human population.
The most that ca be expressed are 14
(6 class I and 8 class II)

Front 65

Histocompatibility is

Back 65

the property of having the same, or mostly the same, alleles of a set of genes called the major histocompatibility complex.

Front 66

TCR and NKT cells sees glycolipid bacterial antigens presented by

Back 66

CD1 molecule

Front 67

TCRαβ

adaptive or innate immunity?

Back 67

adaptive

Front 68

TCRΥδ
adaptive or innate immunity?

Back 68

innate

Front 69

TCRαβ
sees antigenic peptide in binding groove of

Back 69

MHC molecules

Front 70

TCRΥδ
Sees antigen in its native conformation as B cells do. Does it require MHC presentation?

Back 70

No