Pls 201 Quiz #4

Front 1

sudden, impulsive, and seemingly unmotivated notion or action

Back 1

capricious

Front 2

what the public thinks about a particular issue or set of issues at any given point in time

Back 2

public opinion

Front 3

interviews or surveys with a sample of citizens who are used to estimate public opinion

Back 3

public opinion poll

Front 4

method of selection that gives each potential voter the same chance of being selected

Back 4

random selection

Front 5

vote with non-binding results

test vote

Back 5

straw poll

Front 6

type of polls which approval rating tracking and population number tracking fall under

Back 6

tracking polls

Front 7

first look at a poll from any certain day

Back 7

exit polls

Front 8

focus group

sometimes to figure out business

Back 8

deliberative poll

Front 9

when voters rally to the perceived leading candidate

Back 9

bandwagon effect

Front 10

when voters rally to the perceived trailing candidate

Back 10

underdog effect

Front 11

when the name of a place or city is used to denote an industry or government establishment

Back 11

metonymy

Front 12

organization that has a hierarchy structure of members who attempt to influence the same area of public policy

Back 12

interest group

Front 13

type of interest groups which ACLU, Sierra Club, and Greenpeace fall under

Back 13

public interest groups

Front 14

type of interest groups which NOW, NRA, and NAACP fall under

Back 14

private interest groups

Front 15

type of interest groups which unions/industries like the Teamsters, UAW, and UFW fall under

Back 15

economic interest groups

Front 16

largest interest group to date

Back 16

american association of retired persons (AARP)

Front 17

activities of interest groups that seek to influence public policy

Back 17

lobbying

Front 18

legal limits on money given directly to a candidate for an election by an individual

Back 18

hard money

Front 19

federal hard money limit for the 2016 election

Back 19

$2,700 per candidate, per election

Front 20

weakness of campaign laws which circumvents legal restriction or is funneled through political parties

Back 20

soft money

Front 21

weakness of campaign laws which is taken advantage of by combining individual checks within the legal limit, but noted as being from an org.

Back 21

bundling

Front 22

political ads independently produced by a donor, without direct contact with or influence from the candidate who is the focus of the ad

Back 22

advocacy ads

Front 23

three weaknesses of campaign laws

Back 23

1) soft money

2) bundling

3) advocacy ads

Front 24

federally registered committee that represents an interest group in the political process through campaign donations

Back 24

political action committees (PAC's)

Front 25

PAC that doesn't have any limits but can't coordinate directly with candidates or parties

Back 25

super-PAC

Front 26

tax-exempt groups created to raise money for political activities

Back 26

527 groups

Front 27

the informal and temporary set or relationships that exists among interest groups with a common goal

Back 27

issue network

Front 28

pressure group activity to involve those people at the bottom level of the political system

Back 28

grassroots lobbying

Front 29

attempt by interest groups to influence public policy in the guise of a grassroots movement

Back 29

astroturfing

Front 30

when a former government official leaves his job, only to become a lobbyist

Back 30

revolving door

Front 31

metonymy that represents the lobbying industry

Back 31

k street

Front 32

two advantages of interest groups

Back 32

1) promotes interests

2) provide education

Front 33

two disadvantages of interest groups

Back 33

1) undue influence

2) weakens political parties

Front 34

fluctuations between expansion and recession which is a part of modern capitalistic economies

Back 34

business cycle

Front 35

two types of state involvement

Back 35

1) laissez-faire

2) interventionist state

Front 36

state involvement style of the U.S.

Back 36

mixed approach

Front 37

rise in the general price levels of the economy

Back 37

inflation

Front 38

inflation is the product of

Back 38

an overheated economy

Front 39

short term decline in the economy that occurs as investment sags, production falls off, and unemployment increases

Back 39

recession

Front 40

situation in which there is economic growth, rising national income, high employment, and steadiness in the general level of prices

Back 40

economic stability

Front 41

federal government policies on taxes, spending, and debt management

Back 41

fiscal policy

Front 42

who fiscal policy is controlled by

Back 42

congress and the president

Front 43

federal government policies regulating the nation's money supply and interest rates

Back 43

monetary policy

Front 44

who monetary policy is controlled by

Back 44

the federal reserve system (fed.(s))

Front 45

three types of taxes

Back 45

1) progressive

2) regressive

3) flat

Front 46

type of tax under which the more you make, the higher percentage you must pay

Back 46

progressive tax

Front 47

type of tax under which the more you make, the lower percentage you must pay

Back 47

regressive tax

Front 48

type of tax under which everyone must pay the same percentage

Back 48

flat tax

Front 49

amendment which authorizes congress to collect income tax

Back 49

16th amendment

Front 50

average percentage of the normal american's income which goes to all forms of taxes paid

Back 50

35-40%

Front 51

when you spend more than you have

Back 51

deficit

Front 52

when you have more than you spend

Back 52

surplus

Front 53

when you spend as much as you have

Back 53

balance budget

Front 54

all deficits added together

Back 54

debt

Front 55

national debt of the U.S.

Back 55

$20.5 trillion

Front 56

country which holds the most debt

Back 56

china

Front 57

estimated federal revenue of 2017

Back 57

$3.3 trillion

Front 58

estimated federal expenditure of 2017

Back 58

$4 trillion

Front 59

federal reserve system's agency type

Back 59

independent government agency

Front 60

number of members in the federal reserve system

Back 60

7 members

Front 61

how members of the federal reserve system are elected

Back 61

1) nominated by the president

2) confirmed by senate

Front 62

term length for federal reserve system members

Back 62

14 years

Front 63

how often a chairman of the federal reserve system is appointed

Back 63

every 4 years

Front 64

three of the fed's methods used to control monetary policies

Back 64

1) reserve requirements

2) discount rate

3) open market operations

Front 65

index measuring inflation

Back 65

consumer price index (CPI)

Front 66

migration of services to an external provider

Back 66

outsourcing

Front 67

total market value of all final goods and services produced in a country in a given year

Back 67

gross domestic product (GDP)

Front 68

U.S.'s GDP of 2017

Back 68

$19.4 trillion

Front 69

stock index based on the weighted value of 30 blue chip stocks (worth 25,000 points)

Back 69

dow jones

Front 70

three major stock indexes

Back 70

1) dow jones

2) s and p 500

3) nasdaq

Front 71

government program designed to enhance individuals' quality of life

Back 71

social welfare

Front 72

two categories of social welfare

Back 72

1) social insurance

2) public assistance

Front 73

health insurance for the elderly

Back 73

medicare

Front 74

taxes to pay for social security and medicare

Back 74

federal insurance contributions act (FICA) tax 2018

Front 75

percentage of income paid to FICA

Back 75

7.65% for the first $128,400 of gross wages

Front 76

year which social security is estimated to collapse

Back 76

2034

Front 77

why social security is going to collapse

Back 77

the trust will be depleted, so it won't be able to fund itself

Front 78

three tax deferred retirement plans

Back 78

1) individual retirement accounts (IRA)

2) 401(k)

2) s and p 500

Front 79

full name of the public assistance program known as WIC

Back 79

women, infants, and children assistance

Front 80

health coverage for the poor

Back 80

medicaid

Front 81

full name of the public assistance program known as SNAP

Back 81

supplemental nutrition assistance program

Front 82

program that establishes eligibility based on a certain income level

Back 82

means-tested

Front 83

type of social welfare which social security, medicare, disability, unemployment insurance, and workman's comp fall under

Back 83

social insurance

Front 84

type of social welfare which WIC, medicaid, and food stamps/SNAP fall under

Back 84

public assistance

Front 85

levels of defining poverty established by the department of health & human services

Back 85

poverty rate

Front 86

poverty level in 2017

Back 86

$25,100 for a family of 4

Front 87

percentage of american children which fall under the poverty level ("the forgotten 4")

Back 87

21%

Front 88

percentage of all american people which fall under the poverty level

Back 88

15%

Front 89

current federal minimum wage

Back 89

$7.25/hr.

Front 90

current california minimum wage (for employers with over 25 employees)

Back 90

$11.00/hr.