Plate Tectonics And Earthquakes

Front 1

Normal Fault

Back 1

cracks where tension causes one block of rock (hanging wall) is sliding downward and away from another rock (foot wall)

Front 2

Reverse Fault

Back 2

compression causes one rock (hanging wall) to move up relative to the other rock (foot wall)

Front 3

Divergent Boundary

Back 3

plates move apart (diverge)

Front 4

Convergent Boundary

Back 4

plates come together (converge)

Front 5

Strike Slip Boundary

Back 5

two plates grind together and slip past one another horizontally

Front 6

Faulting

Back 6

A break in the Earth's crust

Front 7

Seismograph

Back 7

An instrument that detects and measures seismic waves

Front 8

Richter Scale

Back 8

An open-ended theoretical scale used to measure the magnitude of earthquakes

Front 9

Mercalli Scale

Back 9

Measures earthquakes intensity. Describes damage to structures. Ranges from I (felt by only a few) to XII (total destruction).

Front 10

Plasticity

Back 10

The property of a solid with the ability to flow like a liquid at very, very slow rates.

Front 11

Focus

Back 11

The point below Earth's surface where rocks break and move.

Front 12

Epicenter

Back 12

The point above Earth's surface directly above the focus.

Front 13

Primary Waves (P waves)

Back 13

The fastest traveling Seismic Wave, travels through solids, liquids and gases.

Front 14

Secondary Waves (S waves)

Back 14

slower than Primary Waves, travel through solids, but not liquids and gases

Front 15

Surface Waves (L waves)

Back 15

The slowest moving Seismic Wave.

Front 16

Pangaea

Back 16

means "all Earth"

Front 17

Earthquake

Back 17

The shaking and trembling resulting from movements of Earth's crust or plate tectonics.

Front 18

Sea Floor Spreading

Back 18

The process by which plate tectonics produces new oceanic lithosphere at ocean ridges.

Front 19

Continental Drift

Back 19

A hypothesis that originally proposed that the continents had once been joined to form a single super continent; The super continent broke into pieces, which drifted into their present-day positions.

Front 20

Plate Tectonics

Back 20

The theory that proposes that Earth's outer crust shell consists of individual plates that interact in various ways and thereby produce earthquakes, volcanoes, mountains, and the crust itself.

Front 21

Panthalassa

Back 21

The huge ocean surrounding Pangaea.