Plants Study Guide

Front 1

Plants are _________.

Back 1

Producers

Front 2

Plants make energy by performing

a. Photosynthesis

b. Adaptation

C. Condensation

Back 2

Photosynthesis

Front 3

What is the formula for photosynthesis?

Back 3

Water + Carbon dioxide + sunlight -> Sugar + Oxygen + ATP

Front 4

Chlorophyll is

Back 4

green pigment in chloroplast that captures energy from sunlight

Front 5

Plants grow and stand

a. upright

b. backwards

c. upside down

Back 5

upright

Front 6

Cell Walls-

Back 6

support and protect plant cells and keep plants in their upright position

Front 7

Nonvascular Plants-

Back 7

lack specialized conducting tissues and true roots,stems, and leaves and they include liverworts, hornworts, and mosses

Front 8

Vascular Plants-

Back 8

have conducting tissues for water and nutrients

Front 9

Xylem-

Back 9

tissue through which water travels in a vascular plant up fromthe roots

Front 10

Phloem-

Back 10

tissue through which sugars travel in a vascular plant downfrom the leaves

Front 11

Vascular Plants are divided into ________ groups

a. 10

b. 7

c. 2

d.3

Back 11

3

Front 12

Seedless Plants-

Back 12

Plants that reproduce using spores

Front 13

Gymnosperms-

Back 13

woody, vascular seed plant whose seeds are notenclosed by an ovary or fruit; cone-bearing; usually have needles Ex: pine tree, cycad

Front 14

Angiosperms-

Back 14

a flowering plat that produces seeds within a fruit

Front 15

What is the one thing that roots do not do for the plant?

a. color the plant

b. hold the plants securely in the soil

c. Store surplus food made during photosynthesis

d. Supply plants with water and minerals through the xylem

Back 15

color the plant

Front 16

Root Hairs-

Back 16

increase the surface area of the roots for more absorption

Front 17

Root Cap-

Back 17

tip of root where growth occurs

Front 18

Taproot System-

Back 18

one main root grows downward and smallroots branch off of the taproot; usually reaches deepunderground

Front 19

Fibrous System-

Back 19

several roots, about the same size, spreadout from the base of the plant’s stem; usually gets water fromclose to the soil surface

Front 20

Stems-

Back 20

a. support the plant

b. hold up the flowers

c. Contain xylem and phloem to transport materials between theroot and shoot systems

Front 21

Herbaceous Stems-

Back 21

Stems are soft, thin, and flexible

Front 22

Woody Stems-

Back 22

rigid stems made of wood and bark

Front 23

What is a chemical process that occurs in animals that is the oppositeof photosynthesis?

Back 23

Cellular Respiration

Front 24

Cuticle-

Back 24

covering that prevents water loss

Front 25

Stomata-

Back 25

openings in the leaf that allowcarbon dioxide in

Front 26

Transpiration

Back 26

evaporation of water from the leaves

Front 27

If more water leaves than the amount coming in throughthe roots, the plant will ________.

Back 27

Wilt

Front 28

Sepal-

Back 28

modified leaves that make up the outermost ring of flowerparts and protect the bud

Front 29

Broad, flat parts of a flower

Back 29

Petals

Front 30

Petals vary in ______ and _________ to attracts pollinators

Back 30

color and shape

Front 31

The male reproductive structure-

Back 31

Stamen

Front 32

Stigma-

Back 32

a sticky structure wherepollen grains collect

Front 33

Pistil-

Back 33

the female reproductive structure

Front 34

What are the three parts of a seed?

Back 34

Sporophyte, cotyledons, Seed coat

Front 35

What are the two groups of angiosperms?

Back 35

Monocots, Dicots

Front 36

Monocot-

Back 36

Seeds that contain one cotyledon or seed leaf

Front 37

Dicots-

Back 37

Seeds that contain two cotyledons

Front 38

Tropism-

Back 38

growth in response to a stimulus

Front 39

Phototropism-

Back 39

a change in the direction a plant is growing caused bylight

Front 40

Gravitropism-

Back 40

a change in the direction a plant is growing caused bygravity

Front 41

Evergreen Trees-

Back 41

trees lose some leaves year-round so that some leaves arealways on the tree

Front 42

Deciduous Trees-

Back 42

trees lose all their leaves around the same time each yearto conserve energy in cold, dry seasons

Front 43

What does a cuticle do?

Back 43

Keeps plants from drying out

Front 44

Seed plants that do not have flowers or fruits are called

Back 44

Gymnosperms

Front 45

The type of root system in which one main root grows downward and small roots branch

Back 45

Taproot System

Front 46

What is the main function of leaves?

Back 46

They make food for the plant

Front 47

What type of plants produce seeds?

Back 47

Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

Front 48

Inside what structure do the sperm of seed plants form?

Back 48

Pollen

Front 49

In a paragraph, 5-7 sentences, explain the reproduction process in flowering plants andinclude the following terms: fertilization, pollination, pollen, seed, pollen tube, fruit, anther,stigma, ovary, egg.

Back 49

Pollen moves from the anther to the stigma in the process of pollination. Then the pollen tube grows down to the ovary. Sperm goes down the pollen tube to the eggs. Then fertilization occurs when the sperm and egg join. Then the fertilized egg becomes a seed. The seed becomes a fruit. Then an animal comes and eats the fruit and the seeds get discarded. They then grow again.