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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why is it important that soil particles are usually negatively charged? |
Positively charged cations tend to bind to soil particles and are less likely to be leached by rain. When plant roots produce acid, this causes the cations to be displaced and make them available for root uptake. |
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Which minerals are negatively charged, and how does this effect root uptake? |
Nitrate and phosphate, making them more at risk of being leached. |
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Define essential element. |
Any element required by a plant for normal growth. |
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Define macronutrient. |
A chemical element required in large amounts for plant growth. |
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What are the 9 macronutrients? |
- carbon - oxygen - hydrogen - nitrogen - potassium - calcium - magnesium - phosphorous - sulphur |
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What is unique about carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen? |
They are obtained from the air. |
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How is nutrient deficiency exhibited differently when it comes to immobile and mobile nutrients? |
Immobile nutrients cause symptoms to appear first in younger leaves, mobile nutrient deficiency appears first in old leaves. |
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What is mobility? |
How the nutrient is used in plant tissues and whether it can move in the xylem or phloem. |
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Is nitrogen mobile or immobile? What symptoms does nitrogen deficiency cause? |
Mobile. Stunted growth and yellowing of older leaves. |
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Is phosphorous mobile or immobile. What symptoms does phosphorous deficiency cause? |
Movile. Stunted growth and purpling of older leaves. |
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Is potassium mobile or immobile? What symptoms does potassium deficiency cause? |
Mobile. Mottled chlorosis on older leaves, rolling of leaves, necrosis at leaf tips and between veins. |
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What is the rhizosphere? |
The region of soil in contact with the plant roots. |
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Define endophyte. |
A plant living inside another plant. |
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What is the relationship between bacteria and nitrogen? |
Bacteria in an anaerobic environment "fix" nitrogen, making it available for plants. |
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What are the two forms of mycorrihizae? |
Ectomycorrihizae and arbuscular mycorrihizae. |
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What is unique about arbuscular mycorrihizae? |
The fungal network penetrates the root cortical cells and form arbuscles, without breaking through the cell membrane. |
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How do researchers determine which chemical elements are essential? |
Hydroponic culture. |
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Why do plants need only tiny amounts of micronutrients? |
Because they play a role as catalysts for enzymatic reactions. |
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What is the major function of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen? |
They are major components of plant's organic compounds. |
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What is the major function of nitrogen? |
Component of nucleic acids. |
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What is the major function of potassium? |
Operation of stomata. |
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What is a major function of chrlorine? |
Photosynthesis (water-splitting) |
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What is a major function of iron? |
Respiration |
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What is unique about hydroponic culture? |
Plants are grown in mineral solutions instead of soil. |
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Which elements are most often limiting nutrients to plant growth? |
Nitrogen, potassium, phosphorous. |
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Most of the dry mass of a plant is the result of uptake of what? |
Carbon dioxide through the stoma. |
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Nitrogen fixation is a process that... |
Converts nitrogen gas into ammonia. |
