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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are macronutrients and micronutrients? |
Macronutrients are nutrients plants need in large amounts Micronutrients are nutrients plants need in small amounts |
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What are the nine macronutrients? |
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur, potassium, calcium, magnesium |
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What are the eight micronutrients? |
Chlorine, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, nickel, molybdenum Some also need sodium |
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What is the role of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen? |
Major parts of organic compounds |
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What is the role of nitrogen? |
Nucleic acids, proteins, chlorophyll, hormones, coenzymes |
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What is the role of potassium? |
Protein synthesis, water balance, operation of stomata |
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What is the role of calcium? |
Needed for Cell wall, membrane |
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What is magnesium needed? |
In chlorophyll |
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What is phosphorus needed for? |
Nucleic acids, phospholipids, ATP |
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What is sulfur needed for? |
Proteins, coenzymes |
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What are the most common nutrient deficiencies in plants? |
Nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus |
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Describe the relationship between soil microbes and plants |
Dead plants provide energy needed by soil microbes and secretions from living roots support a wide variety of microbes near the roots |
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What is the name of the layer of soil bound to a plants roots? |
The rhizosphere |
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What are the benefits of rhizobacteria to plants? |
They fix nitrogen, produce chemicals that stimulate plant growth, produce antibiotics that protect roots from disease, and absorb toxic metals. |
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What is nitrogen fixation? |
The conversion of nitrogen (N²) to ammonia (NH³) |
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What are rhizobium? |
Nitrogen fixing bacteria |
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What is a mutualistic relationship? |
A symbiotic relationship where both the host and the symbiont benefit |
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What are the benefits of mycorrhizae for both the fungi and plant? |
Fungus receives steady supply of sugar from host plant and Host plant benefits from increased surface area for water uptake, supply of minerals, and growth factors and anti biotics that are secreted by the fungi |
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Ectomycorrhizae |
Fungal mycelium forms a dense sheath over the surface of the root, while hyphae form a network in intracellular spaces of root cortex without penetrating cells |
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Arbuscular mychorrhizae |
Fungal hyphae penetrate cell wall but not plasma membrane, forming arbuscules which are important sites of nutrient transfer. |
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What are epiphytes? |
Plants that grow on other plants. They obtain water and minerals from rain through the leaves rather than roots. |
