Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cell Wall |
protect the cell |
|
Protoplast |
everything inside the cell wall; the living part of the cell |
|
Protoplast |
the cell wall is produced by the __________. |
|
Cytosol |
gel-like matrix in which other cell components are embedded. |
|
Pectic Polysaccharides |
carbohydrates that glue the plant cells together. |
|
Middle lamella |
outermost layer of the plant cell wall |
|
Intercellular spaces |
pores or air spaces that exist between adjacent cells |
|
Plasmodesmata |
specialized pores through the wall |
|
Desmotubule |
narrow tubule of ER |
|
Central rod |
dark-staining rod at the center |
|
Cytoplasmic sleeve |
channel between desmotubule and membrane |
|
Plasma or Cell Membrane |
separate the internal from external environment |
|
Nucleus |
the "cell brain" |
|
Nuclear membrane |
the nucleus is surrounded by the _____________. |
|
Nucleoplasm |
matrix within nucleus |
|
DNA |
found inside the nucleus |
|
Nuclear lamina |
a layer of intermediate filaments inside the nuclear envelope |
|
Cytoplasm |
refers to the cell contents inside the memrane |
|
Mitochondria |
sites of cellular respiration |
|
Cellular respiration |
process by which energy is released from fuels sugar |
|
Ribosomes |
sites of protein synthesis |
|
Cristae |
finger-like projections |
|
Endoplasmic Reticulum |
a series of membanous tubes and sacs that rn throughout the cell |
|
Rough ER |
has ribosmes and is laminar |
|
Smooth ER |
lacks ribosomes and is tubular |
|
Smooth ER |
for synthesis of lipids and membranes |
|
Peroxisome |
membrane sac containing enzymes for metabolizing waste products from photosynthesis |
|
Hydrogen Peroxide |
product of metabolism in peroxisomes |
|
Catalase |
breaks down the peroxide |
|
Glyoxisome |
membrane sac containing enzymes forat metabolism; contain catalase |
|
Golgi Apparatus |
site of processing and packaging cellular components |
|
cis |
imports vesicle from ER |
|
trans |
exports vesicles |
|
Vesicle Migration Model Escalator Model |
2 models for the movement of materials thru ghe Golgi |
|
Microtubules |
hollow tubes made of a mix of alpha and beta tubulin, which are globular proteins |
|
Microfilaments |
protein strands; solid and madecrom G-actin 7nm diameter |
|
Intermediate faments |
made of protein in the keratin family; 10nm diameter |
|
cilia |
many, short |
|
flagella |
few, long |
|
Microbodies |
a general term for any single membrane bound organelle typically derived from the ER that contains catalase and/or hydrogen peroxide producing enzymes |
|
Microsomes |
a biochemical term forbthe fraction that is obtained from high speed centrifugation of cell homogenates |
|
Oleosomes |
lipid bodies |
|
Plastids |
double membrane bound organelles in plants |
|
Proplastids |
small, precursors to the other plastid types, found in young cells |
|
Chloroplasts |
sites of photosynthesis |
|
Thylakoids |
The chloroplast is packed with membranes, called ___________ |
|
Stroma |
liquidy material in the chloroplast |
|
Chromoplast |
non photosynthetic, colored plastids |
|
Chromoplast |
non photosynthetic, colored plastids |
|
Amyloplast |
colorless, starch-storing plastid |
|
Leucoplast |
another term for amyloplast |
|
Etioplast |
plastid whose development into a chloroplast has been stopped |
|
Vacuole |
the large central cavity containing fluid, called cell sap, found in plant cells |
|
Vacuole |
"Cell Cesspool" |
|
Tonoplast |
membrane that surrounds the vacuole |
|
Proteases |
enzymes that digest protein |
|
Ribonucleases |
enzymes that digest RNA |
|
Glycosidases |
enzymes that break links between monosaccharides |
|
Peotein Bodies |
vacuoles that store protein |