Hyperv: Basic Terms

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APPLICATION

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software that lets users do relatively complex tasks, as well as create and modify documents. Common application types include word processors,spredsheets database managers and presentation graphics programs.

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BANDWIDTH

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The capacity of the transmission medium stated in bits per second or as a frequency. The bandwidth of optical fiber is in the gigabit or billion bits per second range, while ethernet coaxial cable is in the megabit or million bits per second range.

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BINARY

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A numbering system with only two values: 0 (zero) and 1 (one).
binary number system

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BROWSER

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A program that enables you to access information on the Internet through the World Wide Web.

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CACHE

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An area of RAM reserved for data recently read from disk, which allows the processor to quickly retrieve it if it's needed again.

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CD-ROM

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Compact Disk, Read-Only Memory. A type of storage device that looks just like an audio CD and stores as much data as a large hard disk (600MB)

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CPU

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Central Processing Unit; the brains of the computer. The CPU interprets and executes the actual computing tasks

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DOWNLOAD

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To retrieves a file from another computer using a modem.

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EMAIL

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Electronic Mail. Private messages sent between users on different computers, either over a network or via a modem connection to an on-line service or BBS.

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ENCRYPTION

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A way of coding information in a file or e-mail message so that if it is intercepted by a third party as it travels over a network it cannot be read.

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FILE

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collection of information on a disk, usually a document or a program, that's lumped together and called by one name.

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FOLDER

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An object that can hold other objects, such as other folders and files.

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FONT

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software that creates a typeface on a computer screen

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GIGABYTE

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1,024 megabytes or 1,048,576 kilobytes of digital data.

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GIF

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Graphic Interchange Format (pronounced jiff). A file compression format developed by CompuServe for transferring graphic files to and from on-line services.

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HACKER

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Slang term for a technically sophisticated computer user who enjoys exploring computer systems and programs, sometimes to the point of obsession.

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HTML

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Hypertext Markup Language. A system for tagging various parts of a Web document that tells the Web client programs how to display the document's text, links, graphics and attached media.

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HUE

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The color of an object perceived by the eye due to the fact that a single or pair of RGB primary colors predominates.

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HYPERTEXT

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A text-linking strategy that lets you jump between related information in a document by clicking on a button or highlighted word.

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ICON

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graphic symbol, usually representing a file, folder, disk or tool

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IMPORT

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To bring data into a document from another document, often generated by a different application.

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INTERNET

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The Internet (note the capital I) is the largest internet in the world. It is a three level hierarchy composed of backbone networks (e.g., NSFNET, MILNET), mid-level networks, and stub networks. The Internet is a multiprotocol internet.

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IP ADDRESS

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Network addresses are usually of two types: (1) the physical or hardware address of a network interface card; for Ethernet this 48-bit address might be 0260.8C00.7666. The hardware address is used to forward packets within a physical network. (2) The logical or IP Address is used to facilitate moving data between physical networks and is made up of a network number, a sub network number, and a host number. All Internet addresses at SDSU have a network number of 130.191, a subnet number in the range of 1-254, and a host number in the range of 1-254.

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LAN

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Local Area Network. A network of directly-connected machines (located in close proximity), providing high speed communication over physical media over glass or cpp

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MODEM

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A device which converts digital signals into analog signals (and back) for transmission over telephone lines (modulator and demodulator).

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MULTIMEDIA

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Any presentation or software program that combines several media, such as graphics, sound, video, animation, and/or text.

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MULTITASKING

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The capability of an operating system to handle multiple processing tasks, apparently, at the same time.

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NETWORK

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In general, a group of computers set up to communicate with one another. Your network can be a small system that's physically connected by cables (a LAN), or you can connect separate networks together to form larger networks (called WANs). The Internet, for example, is made up of thousands of individual networks

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ONLINE

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When one computer is actively connected to other computers or devices.

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PERIPHERAL

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A piece of hardware that's outside the main computer. It usually refers to external hardware such as disk drives, printers, and scanners sold by a third party.