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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Which of the following values of electrolyte concentrations are within the normal range?
A. plasma [Na+]= 120mmol/L B. intracellular [Na+] = 100mmol/L C. interstitial fluid [K+]= 150mmol/L D. interstitial fluid [Na+]=150mmol/L E. plasma [K+]=100mmol/L |
1. D.
Remember that interstitial fluid is extracellular fluid. See Table 4-1, p. 119, in Vander. |
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2. Which of the following correctly compares the volume of a fluid compartment to that of the total body fluid
(TBW) A. ECF is approximately 1/3 of the TBW B. ICF is approximately 1/2 of the TBW C. ISF is approximately 1/8 of the TBW D. plasma is approximately 1/4 of the TBW |
2. A.
ECF is 1/3 of the TBW ICF is 2/3 of the TBW ISF is 1/4 of the TBW plasma is 1/12 of the TBW |
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3. Which of the following is correct?
A. ECF volume is calculated from the blood volume minus the plasma volume B. Interstitial fluid volume is greater than intracellular fluid volume C. ICF volume minus ECF volume equals the interstitial fluid volume D. Interstitial fluid volume is calculated as the ECF volume minus the plasma volume E. plasma volume is greater than the ICF volume |
3. D.
Interstitial fluid volume is calculated as the ECF volume minus the plasma volume |
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4. The best approximation for the total body water of a non-obese female weighing 50 Kg is
A. 2.5L B. 30L C. 3.0L D. 25L E. 10L |
4. D.
For a non-obese female, the total body water is about 50% of the weight in Kg, or for this individual, 25L. |
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5. The blood volume for an individual is 4.8L, and the hematocrit is 40%. What is the plasma volume?
A. 1.9L B. 2.8L C. 3.4L D. 4.0L E. 4.8L |
5. B.
Blood volume is divided into two components – the plasma (fluid component), and the cellular component. The hematocrit gives you the % of total blood volume occupied by the cells. For this individual, the hemtocrit is 40%, so 40% of the total blood volume is cellular. That means that 100%-40%, or 60% of the blood is plasma. 60% * 4.8L = 2.8L |
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6. The principle monovalent cation in the ICF is
A. K+ B. Na+ C. Ca++ D. H+ E. ClPart |
A. K+
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7. What is the number (n) of osmotically active particles of the following species when placed into solution?
glucose NaCl KCl NaHCO3 CaCl2 urea |
glucose ~~ 1
NaCl ~~ 2 KCl~~ 2 NaHCO3 ~~2 CaCl2~~ 3 urea ~~ 1 |
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8. Which of the following is a correct comparison of body fluid compartments?
A. ISF[K+]is greater than ICF[K+] B. total osmolarity of plasma is greater than the total osmolarity of ISF C. plasma [Na+] is the same as ISF [Na+] D. ICF protein concentration is less than ISF protein concentration E. ECF[Ca++] is less than ICF[Ca++] |
8. C
A is incorrect, because ICF[K+] is much greater than ISF[K+]. Remember that K+ is the primary cation inside cells. B is incorrect because osmolarity is the same for all compartments, unless there is a disturbance. D is incorrect because the ISF is nearly protein-free. E is incorrect because the [Ca++] inside cells is several orders of magnitude less than that outside of cells. |
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9. The best estimate of the plasma osmolarity for an individual with plasma [Na+] of 143 is
A. 72 mOsm B. 143 mOsm C. 286 mOsm D. 365 mOsm E. 572 mOsm |
9. C (this should be plasma [Na+] of 143mMol
A good rule of thumb to remember is that the plasma osmolarity is approximately 2 times the concentration of Na+. |
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11. A 300mmol/L solution of urea is isoomostic, but hypotonic. Why?
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11. Urea does not dissociate, so .3M urea = .3Osm, or 300mosm/L. This is isoosmotic with plasma, because
plasma is approximately 300mosm/L. However, since urea can pass through cell membranes into cells, urea will be distributed in both the extracellular and intracellular compartments. Water will also move into the intracellular compartment, so the urea solution is hypotonic. |
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What is the amount of total bodily fluids distributed?
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42 L total
28 L intracellular fluid (2/3 TBW) 14 L total ECF (1/3 TBW) * ISF 10.5 L (1/4 ECF) * plasma 3.5 L (3/4 ECF and 1/12 TBW) |
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What is the avg total % of body water for non-obese males & females
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Males: 55% - 60%
Females: 45% - 50% |
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What is the typical normal range Hematocrit for females and males?
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Females – 35 – 45 L
Males - 40-50 L |
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What is the typical normal range blood volume for females and males?
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Females – 5 L
Males – 5.5 L |
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What is the typical normal range plasma volume for females and males?
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Females – 3 L
Males – 3 L |
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What is the typical normal range Na+ in ECF & ICF?
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ECF – 150 mM (avg. normal range 130 – 150 mM)
ICF – 15 mM |
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What is the typical normal range K+ in ECF & ICF?
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ECF – 5 mM (avg.3.5 – 5.3 mM)
ICF – 150 mM |
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What is the Hematocrit calculation?
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(cell volume/blood volume) * (100%) = Hematocrit
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Interstitial fluid is an ultrafiltrate of plasma in other words, it has the same
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composition as plasma except that is lacks most of the cells and most of the proteins (large molecules that do not readily pass from the blood into the interstitium)
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In intracellular fluid, cells are surrounded by __________, which allows _____________.
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- semipermeable membranes
- intracellular fluid to marked differently from extracellular fluid |
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ISF is __% of ECF
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80%
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Why do the volumes and concentrations matter?
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- Any change in concentration leads to huge changes in function
- ECF volume has consequences for the whole body |
