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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is VO2 max measured?
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With a metabolic cart! Incremental exercise test
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Criteria for a valid VO2 max test?
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leveling off of VO2 with higher work rate (<150 ml/min or <2ml/kgmin change)
Post-exercise blood lactate > 8 mmoles/L R > 1.15 HR within 10 bpm of APMHR Shouldn't expect to meet all criteria |
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Indications for stopping an exercise test
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Angina or angina-like symptoms
Indications of poor perfusion, including light-headedness and confusion (ataxia, pallor, cyanosis, nausea, cold/clammy skin) Noticeable changes in heart rhythm failure of heart rate to increase with increased exercise intensity subject request physical or verbal manifestations of severe fatigue failure of the testing equipment drop in SBP of > 10mmHg despite increase in wkload rise in SBP over 250 or DBP over 115 |
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How is CER calculated (and what is it)
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kcals per minute (caloric expenditure rate)
Use RQ (VCO2/VO2) table to find kcal per liter O2 (caloric equivalent) or estimate 5kcal per L O2 Multiply that by VO2 (L/min) Total energy expenditure is CER times minutes of exercise |
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What's RPE, how and why is it measured
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Rating of perceived exertion
Borg scale from 6 to 20 (approx with hr) from very very light to very very hard Revised scale from 0 to 10 Measures subjective effort and takes into account aspects of fatigue/workload besides heart rate, though it is correlated with HR and VO2. |
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PP
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SBP - DBP
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MAP
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DBP + (.33 x PP) at rest
more complex during ex |
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What's the double product? also known as?
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Rate Pressure Product = SBP x HR
Used to find workload of the heart, important in clinical settings with cardiac patients have them work below a level that causes pain/breathlessness |
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What are some things to consider when taking blood pressure
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Don't smoke or drink within 30 min
pee before - full bladder affects it average 2 readings - 2 min apart |
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2 types of muscle actions
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isometric - no movement (hand grip dynamometer)
dynamic concentric dynamic eccentric |
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What are the 4 interrelated processes necessary for muscle contraction?
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Excitability (membrane)
Excitation-contraction coupling system (tubular system + sarcolema Contractile protein (myofilament) Energy Metabolism (mitochondria) |
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Type I red fibers are associated with
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high oxidative activity and mainly utilized with aerobic work
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type II fibers are associated with
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low oxidative activity but high contractile activity and mainly utilized with anaerobic type work
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What tool is used for measuring isometric muscular strength, endurance
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hand-grip dynamometer (for the forearm)
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Why is the fatigue curve different for more frequent contractions?
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The contraction cuts off blood flow, preventing O2 delivery and removal of metabolites. PC is depleted and can't be replenished as much in a short window of blood flow during the 3 second rest period.
(look more up in the book) |
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Will a person with the greatest strength also have the greatest endurance?
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Not necessarily (and probably not) because of differences in the properties of fiber types
The strongest person may be able to hold an absolute amount of weight (25kg) for the longest, but when weights are relative to each person's max strength, someone else might last longer because of more oxidative properties. |
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How does blood pressure change with exercise?
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Systolic increases with increasing workload generally
Diastolic tends to stay about the same (or decreases slightly with dilation reducing resistance), unless it's isometric (not dynamic) exercise, in which case it rises |
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What are normal blood pressure values? How much did Tiffany's change during exercise?
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SBP < 120
DBP < 80 Tiffany went from 110 or 105 to 130 Diastolic from 65 or 70 to 80 or 85 |
