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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Epithelial Tissue |
Flat sheet, upper surface exposed to environment / internal body cavity No blood vessels Rests on basement membrane Classified by # of layers (simple/stratified) & shape of cell (squamous / cuboidal / columnar) |
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Simple Squamous Epithelium - fx |
permits diffusion of substances |
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Simple Squamous Epithelium - location |
alveoli (lung), glomeruli, endothelium, serosa |
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Simple Cuboidal Epithelium - fx |
absorption and secretion, mucous production |
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Simple Cuboidal Epithelium - location |
liver, thyroid, mammary and salivary glands, bronchioles, kidney tubules |
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Simple Columnar Epithelium - fx |
absorption and secretion; mucus secretion |
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Simple Columnar Epithelium - location |
lining of GI tract, uterus, kidney, uterine tubes |
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Keratinized Stratified Squamous - fx |
retards water loss and barrier to organisms |
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Keratinized Stratified Squamous - location |
heel |
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Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous - fx |
forms moist, slippery layer |
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Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous - location |
tongue, oral mucosa, esophagus, vagina |
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Pseudostratified Epithelium - fx |
secretes & propels respiratory mucus |
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Pseudostratified Epithelium - location |
lining of trachea, upper respiratory tract |
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Connective Tissue |
Widely spaced cells separated by fibers and ground substance (matrix) Most abundant and variable tissue type Connects organs, gives support and protection (physical and immune), stores energy and produces heat, movement and transport of materials |
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Collagen Fibers |
White Fibers |
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Elastic Fibers |
Yellow Fibers |
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Loose Connective Tissue |
gel-like ground substance between cells (areolar & adipose) |
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Dense Connective Tissue |
fibers fill spaces between cells |
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Areolar Tissue - fx / location |
underlies all epithelia, between muscles, passageway for nerves and blood vessels
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Adipose Tissue - fx |
energy storage, insulation, cushioning brown fat (hibernating animals) produces heat |
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Adipose Tissue - location |
subcutaneous fat & organs |
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Hyaline Cartilage - fx |
supports airway, eases joint movements |
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Hyaline Cartilage - location |
ends of bones at movable joints, sternal ends of ribs, supportive material in larynx, trachea, bronchi, & fetal skeleton |
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Elastic Cartilage - fx |
provides flexible, elastic support |
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Elastic Cartilage - location |
external ear & epiglottis |
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Fibrocartilage - fx |
resists compression & absorbs shock |
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Fibrocartilage - location |
pubic symphysis, meniscus, and intervertebral discs |
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Bone |
spongy (spongy in appearance) & compact (solid in appearance) |
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Blood |
I mean duh |
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Nerve Tissue |
Large cells with long cell processes (surrounded by smaller glial cells lacking processes) |
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Nerve Tissue - fx |
internal communication between cells |
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Nerve Tissue - locatino |
brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia |
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Skeletal Muscle - fx & location |
movement, facial expression, posture, breathing, speech, swallowing, excretion |
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Cardiac Muscle - fx & location |
pumping of blood by cardiac (heart) muscle |
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Smooth Muscle - fx & location |
sheets of muscle in viscera; iris; hair follicles and sphincters swallowing, GI tract functions, labor contractions, control of airflow, erection of hairs, control of pupil |
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Tissue |
an aggregation of cells that are similar in structure and that work together to perform a specialized activity |
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Water |
the most abundant and important inorganic molecule in living materials |
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Properties of Water |
high heat capacity, high heat of vaporization, polar solvent, reactivity, cushioning |
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Factors which influence rate of diffusion |
concentration gradient, size of atoms or molecules, solubility of substance |
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Osmosis |
the diffusion of water or a solvent across a semipermeable membrane from high to low osmolarity |
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Osmosis |
water moves from low particle concentration to high particle concentration |
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Tonicity |
the ability of a solution to change the tone or shape of cells by altering their internal water volume |
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Solute |
the substance that is dissolved in a solution |
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Solvent |
a liquid capable of dissolving other substances |
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Hypotonic |
a solution which has a lower solute concentration than normal |
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Hypertonic |
a solution which has higher solute concentration than normal |
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Isotonic |
a solution which has a concentration of solutes equal to that found in the reference cell |
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Characteristics of an isotonic solution |
300 milliosmoles, .9% NaCl (normal saline), 5% glucose / dextrose |
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Diffusion |
random movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration of those molecules to an area of lower concentration |
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Water Potential |
a measure of free energy of water in a solution |
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Dialysis |
the movement of a solute through a selectively permeable membrane |
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Osmotic Pressure |
a measure of the ability of a solution to "pull in" water from another solution separated from it by a semipermeable membrane |
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Beer's Law |
states that the concentration of a substance in a solution is directly proportional to the amount of light absorbed by the solution and inversely proportional to the logarithm of the amount of light transmitted by the solution. |
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Spectrometer |
measures what is impeding light source |
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The more protein, the _____ amount of light is absorbed. |
more |
