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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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rugae
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Mucosa and submucosa layers form rugae
Function of rugae is to allow the stomach to expand |
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gastric pits
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Mucosa layer is covered in small depressions
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gastric glands
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The base of a gastric pit splits into two or three _____
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Mucous neck cells secrete
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mucus
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Chief cells secrete
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pepsinogen
Converted to pepsin by acid to be activated Protein digestion |
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Parietal cells – secrete
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hydrochloric acid (HCl)
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Enteroendocrine (EE) cells secrete
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-gastrin and histamine(hormones)
-stimulated by sight/smell (first) and then expansion of stomach (second) Gastrin and histamine Gastrin stimulates parietal cells to release acid and chief cells to release pepsinogen Also promote release of histamine from other EE cells Histamine further stimulates release of acid |
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Chyme
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digested food
enters small intestine in a slow, controlled manner |
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Duodenum
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Pancreatic juices/bile enter here
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crypts
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Mucosa layer also has intestinal crypts
Contain absorptive cells and mucous- producing cells (goblet cells) Crypts also contain enteroendocrine cells Gastric inhibiting peptide (GIP) Secretin stimulate pancreas and liver Cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulate pancreas and liver |
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Composition and Functions of Pancreatic Juice
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-Water
-Enzymes - help with digestion -Sodium bicarbonate - neutralize stomach acid Pancreatic amylase - digest starch Pancreatic lipase -digest fat Proteases - digest proteins Ribonuclease - to digest nucleic acids |
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Liver produces
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Bile: consists of chemical that help with digestion and wastes from liver (~ one liter a day)
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Bile components
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Components
---Bile salts - DIGESTION Bile acids conjugated with potassium or sodium Helps with fat emulsification ---Cholesterol - WASTE Produced in and removed by liver as waste ---Bile pigments (bilirubin) from hemoglobin - WASTE globin = a reuseable protein heme = broken down into iron and bilirubin Gives bile, urine, and feces color |
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Gallbladder
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Stores and concentrates bile (removes water)
Releases bile after fatty meals to aid in digestion |
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Large Intestines
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-1.5 meters long
-Functions in absorption of water and salts |
