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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
3 areas of respiratory control
central control - sensor and effector
What group of neurons are the principle ones in inspiration?
Dorsal respiraotry group
when are dorsal respiratory group neurons active?
inspiration
when are ventral respiratroy group neurons active?
expiration
what group of neurons are the principle ones in expiration?
ventral respiratory group
How is the hypothalamus involved in breathing?
autonomic - ie animals panting to reduce body temp
What are the main central sensors for ventilation regulation
chemoreceptors in the base of the brainstem/medulla
what is the stimulus for the central chemoreceptors of ventilation?
a DROP in pH (H+ ions)
Is CO2 a stimulus for the central chemoreceptors of ventilation?
NO - H+ is, thru the reation of Co2 w/ H2o
An increase in Co2 in blood causes what?
increased ventilation thru increased blood pH
What are the 2 peripheral sensors for ventilation?
carotid and aortic bodies
carotid bodies project to the DRG of brainstem via what?
glosoph nerve
aortic bodies project to the DRG of brainstem via what?
vagus nerve
What are the 3 stimiuli for the PERIPHERAL sensors of ventilation? (in order of importance
LOW arterial pO2
Hypercapnia (increased PaCo2)
Acidosis
what is more important to regulating ventilation (80% to 20%) CNS or PNS?
CNS
what is the adequate hypercapnia stimulus for peripheral? > what?
45 mmHg
What is the adequate acidosis pH for periph. sensors?
<7.35
What is the hering breuer reflex?
a large stretch of the lungs inhibits inspiration
How do irritants like smoke or cold influence ventilation rate?
increase it
Overall effects on ventilation: rank the 3 factors
1. co2
2. o2
3 ph
what is the co2 breaking effect
when po2 drops, at a certain point the body will rid itself of Co2 and therefore Ventilation inrease is not as strong
How do gas levels remain pretty constant during excercise?
the CORTEX anticipates it at beginning of excercise, and drives down pCO2/increase Ventilation