Physiology: Endocrinology

Front 1

6 hormones of hypothalamus?

Back 1

1. Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)
2. Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)
3. Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH)
4. Growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GHIH) ANTAGONISTS
5. Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
6. Prolactin inhibiting factor (PIF)

Front 2

Chemical structure of TRH?

Back 2

Peptide

Front 3

Chemical structure of CRH?

Back 3

Peptide

Front 4

Chemical structure of GHRH?

Back 4

Peptide

Front 5

Chemical structure of GHIH?

Back 5

Peptide

Front 6

Chemical structure of PIF?

Back 6

Amine

Front 7

Function of TRH?

Back 7

Thyrotropin releasing hormone.

Cause secretion of TSH and prolactin

Front 8

Function of CRH?

Back 8

Corticotroping releasing hormone.

Cause secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Front 9

Function of GHRH?

Back 9

Growth hormone releasing hormone.

Cause secretion of growth hormone

Front 10

Function of GHIH?

Back 10

Growth hormone inhibiting hormone / somatostatin

Cause inhibition of secretion of growth hormone

Front 11

Another name of GHIH?

Back 11

Somatostatin

Front 12

Function of GnRH?

Back 12

Gonadotroping releasing hormone.

Cause release of LH & FSH

Front 13

Function of PIF?

Back 13

Prolactin inhibiting factor

Cause release of prolactin

Front 14

6 hormones of anterior pituitary?

Back 14

1. GH
2. TSH
3. ACTH
4. Prolactin
5. FSH
6. LH

Front 15

Chemical structure & function of GH?

Back 15

Peptide.

Stimulate protein synthesis and overall growth of most cells & tissues

Front 16

Chemical structure & function of TSH?

Back 16

Peptide.

Stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones
(=> Thyroxine and triiodothyronine)

Front 17

Chemical structure & function of ACTH?

Back 17

Peptide.

Stimulates synthesis and secretion of adrenocortical hormones:
- Aldosterone (salt)
- Cortisol (sweet)
- Androgens (sex)

Front 18

Chemical structure & function of prolactin?

Back 18

Peptide.

Promotes development of the female breast and secretion of milk

Front 19

Chemical structure & function of FSH?

Back 19

Peptide.

- Cause growth of follicles in ovaries
- Sperm maturation in male Sertoli cells

Front 20

Chemical structure & function of LH?

Back 20

Peptide.

- Stimulate ovulation
- Formation of corpus luteum
- Estrogen & progesterone synthesis in ovaries
- Testosterone synthesis in Leydig cc. of testis

Front 21

Hormones of the posterior pituitary gland?

Back 21

- ADH
- Oxytocin

Front 22

Chemical structure & function of ADH / vasopressin?

Back 22

Peptide.

Increase water reabsorbtion in kidneys
=> Cause vasoconstriction
==> Increased BP

Front 23

Chemical structure & function of oxytocin?

Back 23

Peptide.

- Milk secretion from breasts
- Uterine contractions
- Social function / mother-child connection / happy-hormone

Front 24

Hormones of the thyroid gland?

Back 24

- Thyroxine (T4)
- Triiodothyronine (T3)
- Calcitonin

Front 25

Chemical structure & function of Thyroixine (T4) & triiodothyronine (T3)?

Back 25

Amine.

- Increase rate of chemical reactions in most cells
==> Increase body metabolic rate

Front 26

Chemical structure & function of calcitonin?

Back 26

Peptide.

Stimulate deposition of calcium in the bones.
=> Decrease ionized calcium in ECF.

Front 27

Hormones of the adrenal cortex?

Back 27

- Cortisol
- Aldosterone

Front 28

Chemical structure & function of cortisol?

Back 28

Steriod.

- Control metabolism of proteins, CH & fats
- Antiinflammatory effect

Front 29

Chemical structure & function of aldosterone?

Back 29

Steroid.

Increase renal reabsorbtion of:
- Sodium

Increase renal secretion of:
- Potassium
- Hydrogen ions

Front 30

Hormones of the adrenal medulla?

Back 30

Norepinephrine
Epinephrine

Front 31

Chemical structure & function of nor- & epinephrine?

Back 31

Amine.

Same effect as sympathetic stimulation

Front 32

Hormones of pancreas?

Back 32

Insulin
Glucagon

Front 33

Insulin is secreted by what cells in pancreas?

Back 33

B-cells

Front 34

Glucagon is secreted by what cells in pancreas?

Back 34

A-cells

Front 35

Chemical structure & function of insulin?

Back 35

Peptide.

Promote glucose entry to many cells
=> Thus control CH metabolism

Front 36

Chemical structure & function of glucagon?

Back 36

Peptide.

Antagonist to insulin. Increase synthesis and release of glucose from liver to body fluids.

Front 37

Hormones of parathyroid gland?

Back 37

Parathyroid hormone

Front 38

Chemical structure & function of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

Back 38

Peptide.

- Increase calcium absorbtion by gut & kidneys
- Release calcium from bones

=> Increase ionized calcium! (total)

Front 39

Hormones of testes?

Back 39

Testosterone

Front 40

Chemical structure & function of testosterone?

Back 40

Steroid.

Development of male reproductive system
Development of male secondary sexual characteristic

Front 41

Hormones of ovaries?

Back 41

Estrogen
Progesterone

Front 42

Chemical structure & function of estrogen?

Back 42

Steroid.

Growth & development of female reproductive system
- Female breasts
- Female secondary sexual characteristics

Front 43

Chemical structure & function of progesterone?

Back 43

Steroid.

Secretion of uterine milk by endometrial glands
Development of mammary gland

Front 44

Hormones of placenta?

Back 44

- Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
- Human somatomammotropin
- Estrogens
- Progesterones

Front 45

Chemical structure & function of HCG?

Back 45

Peptide.

- Growth of corpus luteum
- Secretion of estrogen&progesteron from CL

Front 46

Chemical structure & function of human somatomammotropin?

Back 46

Peptide.

Develop fetal tissues & mother breasts

Front 47

Hormones of kidneys?

Back 47

- Renin
- Eryhtropoietin
- 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol

Front 48

Chemical structure & function of renin?

Back 48

Peptide.

Catalyze conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I

Front 49

Chemical structure & function of erythropoietin?

Back 49

Peptide

Increase Ery-production

Front 50

Chemical structure & function of 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol?

Back 50

Steroid.

Increase intestinal absorbtion of calcium and bone mineralization

Front 51

Hormones of the heart?

Back 51

- Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Front 52

ANP means?

Back 52

Atrial natriuretic peptide

Front 53

Chemical structure & function of ANP?

Back 53

Peptide.

Increase sodium excretion by kidneys
=> Decrease BP

Front 54

Hormones of stomach?

Back 54

Gastrin

Front 55

Chemical structure & function of gastrin?

Back 55

Peptide.

Stimulate HCl secretion by parietal cells

Front 56

Hormones of small intestine?

Back 56

- Secretin
- Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Front 57

Chemical structure & function of secretin?

Back 57

Peptide.

- Stimulate secretion of bicarbonate and water by pancreatic acinar cells

Front 58

Chemical structure & function of CCK?

Back 58

Peptide.

Stimulate gall bladder contraction & release of pancreatic enzymes

Front 59

Hormone of adipocytes?

Back 59

Leptin

Front 60

Chemical structure & function of leptin?

Back 60

Peptide.

Inhibits appetite.
Stimulates thermogenesis