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29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Large


Multinucleate


Striated

Skeletal muscle fibers

Striated


Smaller and branched


Uninucleate


Have intercalated disks

Cardiac muscle fibers

Brings bones together

Flexor

Moves bones away

Extensor

Stores calcium used for muscle contraction

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Extensions of the cell membrane that associate with the ends of the sarcoplasmic reticulum

T-tubules

Thick filaments are made of

Myosin

Thin filaments are made of

Actin

For elasticity and stabilization

Elastin

Only myosin segment of the sarcomere

H-zone

Area of actin only

I-band

Actin and myosin overlap

A-band

Force created by muscle

Muscle tension

Weight or force opposing contraction

Load

Creation of tension in muscle

Contraction

Release of tension

Relaxation

High energy storing molecule

Phosphocreatine

Rely primarily on oxidative phosphoylation (marathon runners)

Slow-twitch fibers

Develop tension faster (sprinters)

Fast-twitch fibers

Rely primarily on anaerobic glycolysis

Fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic fibers

Use oxidative and glycolytic metabolism

Fast-twitch oxidative-glycolytic fibers

Consists of one motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates

Motor unit

Contractions that create force and move a load

Isotonic contractions

Contractions that create force without moving a load

Isometric contractions

Relaxed normally but contract when we want them to

Phasic smooth muscles (esophagus)

Usually contracted but relaxes when needed

Tonic smooth muscles (bladder)

Connected by gap junctions, and the cells contract as a single unit

Single-unit smooth muscle cells

Are not electrically linked, and each cell must be stimulated independently

Multi-unit smooth muscle cells

Slowest type of cells to contract and relax

Smooth muscles