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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Fill in the blanks
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What is the main neural control of the peripheral circulation?
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sympathetic alpha-adrenergic vasoconstriction (arterioles, metarterioles)
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What is the main local control of the peripheral circulation?
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local metabolic control of precapillary sphincters
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what amino acid is involved in NO synthesis?
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arginine
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What effect does NO have on vascular tone?
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vasodilator
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what are the factors of Fick's law, involved in nutrient transfer?
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permeability and surface area * concentration difference
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under normal conditions, what type of transport do O2 and CO2 undergo? in pneumonia?
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flow limited, diffusion limited
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How do burns effect the capillary filtration coefficient?
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burns destroy capillary integrity, increasing permeability
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Of the four pressures driving water, which two are negligible at equilibrium?
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THP and TOP
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Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure due to heart failure would cause fluid to shift to the ____________
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interstitium (edema)
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Low plasma proteins due to a severe burn would cause fluid to shift to the ______________
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interstitium (edema)
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What would you expect to go along with a sinus infection that has plugged lymph drainage?
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increased interstitial fluid (edema)
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What are the mechanisms of organ blood flow autoregulation?
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metabolic control, myogenic control, Nitric oxide
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What are the areas of special circulations?
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coronary, cerebral, pulmonary, skeletal muscle, skin
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How does the coronary blood flow meet its high O2 demand?
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increased blood flow
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when is left main coronary artery blood flow the highest?
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diastole
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when is the blood flow in the coronary arteries the lowest?
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during intraventricular contraction
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What effect does chronic hypertension have on cerebral blood flow? Why is this relevant to treating a chronic hypertensive patient?
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Chronic hypertension causes a downshift of the autoregulation of cerebral blood flow. So if you drop a chronic hypertensive patient's BP too quickly, you will cause hypoxia in the brain and trigger rebound hypertension
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Why does hypoxia cause vasoconstriction in the lungs?
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to shunt blood away from poorly ventilated areas
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What controls pulmonary circulation?
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O2 concentration
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Why is the degree of vasoconstriction in the skeletal muscle so significant to the TPR?
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The amount of muscle mass makes this resistance a significant portion of the total peripheral resistance
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At rest, what is the primary regulation of skeletal muscle circulation?
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sympathetic innervation to alpha-1 adrenergic receptors (Norepi)
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What is the primary control of skeletal muscle circulation during exercise?
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Local Metabolic Control
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What is the primary control for cutaneous circulation?
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sympathetic innervation (alpha-1 adrenergic)
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What is the triple response of histamine?
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line, flare, wheal
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