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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
a substance that is produced in one tissue or organ and released into the blood and carried to other organs where it acts to produce a specific response
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hormones
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name the steps in signal transduction
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reception
transduction response |
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name the three types of INTERCELLULAR communication
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on distant tissue (ENDOCRINE)
on neighboring cell in the same tissue (PARACRINE) on same cell that released the signaling molecule (AUTOCRINE) |
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Name the four types of EXTRACELLULAR signaling molecules in chemical messenger types
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amines
peptides and proteins steroids small molecules |
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If a signal is sent out and quickly destroyed, what type of intercellular communication could it be?
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paracrine
autocrine |
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a receptor is a ? or a ? on the cell surface or within a cell that specifically binds to a signaling molecule called a ?
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protein
lipoprotein ligand |
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in some cases, a receptor itself can be a ? and ligand binding produces a change in Vm.
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ion channel
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activation of the receptor alters the ION PERMEABILITY of the cell
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Ligand-Gated Ion Channels
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what type of receptor classification needs an intermediary?
What is this intermediary? |
G Protein-coupled receptors
heteroTRImeric guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding complex aka G Protein |
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a type of receptor that are either enzymes themselves or part of an enzymatic complex
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Catalytic receptors
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a type of receptor that is located in the cytosol or nucleus and are ligand-activated transcription factors.
(they link extracellular signals to gene transcription) |
nuclear receptors
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cells that are coupled electrically and metabolically by means of gap junctions -- play a critical role in cardiac and smooth muscle function
what type of direct cell interaction is this? |
Juxtacrine
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describe the steps that come after the result of the Calcium-dependent interactions of the extracellular domains of Cadherin
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clustering of cadherins occur
secondary cluster of intracellular CATENINS serves as sites of attachment for intracellular actin cytoskeleton |
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the property that defines this class of multisubunit membrane-spanning receptors is the signaling molecule itself controls the opening and closing of an ion channel by binding to a site on the receptor
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ionotropic receptors
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largest family of receptors on the cell surface
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G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCR)
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Composition of G proteins are composed of what subunits....?
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α
β γ |
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which subunit of the GPCR binds and hydrolyzes GTP and can interact with effector proteins
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α subunit
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