• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/17

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

17 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
a substance that is produced in one tissue or organ and released into the blood and carried to other organs where it acts to produce a specific response
hormones
name the steps in signal transduction
reception

transduction

response
name the three types of INTERCELLULAR communication
on distant tissue (ENDOCRINE)

on neighboring cell in the same tissue (PARACRINE)

on same cell that released the signaling molecule (AUTOCRINE)
Name the four types of EXTRACELLULAR signaling molecules in chemical messenger types
amines

peptides and proteins

steroids

small molecules
If a signal is sent out and quickly destroyed, what type of intercellular communication could it be?
paracrine

autocrine
a receptor is a ? or a ? on the cell surface or within a cell that specifically binds to a signaling molecule called a ?
protein

lipoprotein

ligand
in some cases, a receptor itself can be a ? and ligand binding produces a change in Vm.
ion channel
activation of the receptor alters the ION PERMEABILITY of the cell
Ligand-Gated Ion Channels
what type of receptor classification needs an intermediary?

What is this intermediary?
G Protein-coupled receptors

heteroTRImeric guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding complex

aka G Protein
a type of receptor that are either enzymes themselves or part of an enzymatic complex
Catalytic receptors
a type of receptor that is located in the cytosol or nucleus and are ligand-activated transcription factors.

(they link extracellular signals to gene transcription)
nuclear receptors
cells that are coupled electrically and metabolically by means of gap junctions -- play a critical role in cardiac and smooth muscle function

what type of direct cell interaction is this?
Juxtacrine
describe the steps that come after the result of the Calcium-dependent interactions of the extracellular domains of Cadherin
clustering of cadherins occur
secondary cluster of intracellular CATENINS
serves as sites of attachment for intracellular actin cytoskeleton
the property that defines this class of multisubunit membrane-spanning receptors is the signaling molecule itself controls the opening and closing of an ion channel by binding to a site on the receptor
ionotropic receptors
largest family of receptors on the cell surface
G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCR)
Composition of G proteins are composed of what subunits....?
α

β

γ
which subunit of the GPCR binds and hydrolyzes GTP and can interact with effector proteins
α subunit